Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the treatment of dermatological conditions, including, for example, viral infections, microbial infections, cancers, dermatological conditions and particularly infections of the skin caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy delivery apparatus comprises: an amplifier; an amplifier input configured to provide to the amplifier a signal to be amplified; bias circuitry configured to provide a bias signal to the amplifier, wherein amplifying of the input signal by the amplifier is dependent on the bias signal provided by the bias circuitry; an amplifier output configured to provide an output signal comprising an amplified version of the input signal, for providing energy delivery to a radiating element to produce electromagnetic radiation; and a controller configured to control operation of the bias circuitry to provide a time- varying bias signal thereby to provide a desired time variation of the output signal.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) or microwave energy applicator device (10) for applying radio frequency or microwave radiation to a target (22), the applicator (10) comprising: an energy generator module (12) for generating RF or microwave energy, wherein the energy generator module (12) comprises an energy output (16) for outputting said generated energy; a radiating structure (14) for radiating RF or microwave radiation to the target wherein the radiating structure (14) comprises an energy input (18), wherein the energy generator module (12) and the radiating structure (14) are coupled to provide the energy output (16) of the energy generator module (12) and the energy input (18) of the radiating structure (14) at a transmission interface (20); wherein the transmission interface (20) comprises at least one transmission feature comprising a size, dimension and/or shape selected so that at least part of the energy provided to the transmission interface (20) is transmitted to the radiating structure (18) and/or at leas

Abstract: A method of forming a microwave applicator comprising forming a body comprising dielectric material so that there is a void in the dielectric material, and depositing conductive material in the void to form a feed for coupling energy into the dielectric material.

Abstract: Apparatus for electromagnetic treatment of at least one pathogen in air or other gas, comprises a waveguide structure including a treatment region within the waveguide structure, wherein the treatment region is configured to receive the air or other gas that contains the at least one pathogen, means for providing electromagnetic radiation to the treatment region, and at least one structure permeable to the air or other gas and that is configured to at least partially confine the electromagnetic radiation, wherein the at least one permeable structure forms at least one boundary of the treatment region.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for the treatment, management and/or control of pain, in particular pain associated with, or caused or contributed to by, certain dermatological conditions.

Abstract: A portable test apparatus for testing an RF/microwave treatment system, the portable test apparatus comprising: a connector configured for connection to a generator or amplifier of the treatment system and/or to a distal end of a reusable transmission cable of the treatment system; a measurement device configured for measuring RF/microwave energy received through the connector; and a test controller configured to: run at least one test of a set of tests for testing the treatment system, at least some of the set of tests comprising using the measurement device to measure RF/microwave energy supplied by a generator or amplifier of the treatment system to a proximal end of the reusable transmission cable and transmitted through the reusable transmission cable to the connector; and analyse and/or record and/or output results of the set of tests.

Abstract: A microwave system comprises: a microwave generator; a controller configured to control the microwave generator to generate microwave energy having a selected operational frequency or range of frequencies; a microwave cable configured to deliver the microwave energy to a microwave antenna extending from or coupled to a distal end of the microwave cable; and the microwave antenna, the microwave antenna comprising a plurality of slots distributed along a portion of the microwave antenna, wherein a width of the slots varies with distance along the portion of the microwave antenna.

Abstract: A filtering device for use in a medical microwave delivery system is disclosed. The filtering device comprises a DC block and a microwave absorbing element. The microwave absorbing element is disposed around the DC block and/or around one or more elements within the DC block. Also disclosed is a medical microwave delivery system comprising a microwave generator system and the filtering device, wherein the filtering device is coupled to an output of the microwave generator system.

Abstract: A microwave apparatus comprises: a microwave feed line configured to deliver microwave energy having a selected operational frequency or range of frequencies to a radiating element extending from or coupled to a distal end of the microwave feed line; the radiating element; and a reactive element formed in or on the microwave feed line; wherein the operational frequency or range of frequencies is selected such that the reactive element both provides a desired degree of match between an impedance of the radiating element and an impedance of the microwave feed line, and reduces or eliminates surface currents flowing on a ground of the feed line.

Abstract: A microwave system, comprises: a microwave generator; a microwave applicator for delivering microwave radiation generated by the microwave generator to a surface, wherein the microwave applicator is moveable relative to the surface; one or more sensors for sensing at least one of a position, an orientation, an acceleration, a speed and/or a velocity of the microwave applicator, and a controller configured to monitor sensor output from the one or more sensors and further configured to control one or more operational parameters of the microwave system based at least on the monitored sensor output.

Abstract: A system comprises a surgical robot comprising a moveable robotic arm; a radiating applicator positioned at a distal end of the robotic arm, wherein the robotic arm is configured to move the radiating applicator to a desired operational position; and an energy source positioned on a distal portion of the robotic arm, in proximity to the radiating applicator, wherein the energy source is configured to provide RF or microwave energy to the radiating applicator for radiation by the radiating applicator.

Abstract: A microwave antenna apparatus comprises a radiating element configured to perform a treatment, the treatment comprising heating a volume of tissue using microwave radiation emitted from the radiating element; a cooling structure arranged for flowing a coolant through at least one lumen of the cooling structure during the treatment; and a controller configured to control the flow of coolant such as to provide a first flow rate of coolant through the at least one lumen during a first period of the treatment and to provide a second, different flow rate of coolant through the at least one lumen during a second, later period of the treatment.

Abstract: A microwave system comprises: a microwave generator; and a microwave cable apparatus comprising a coaxial cable, wherein an exposed distal portion of an inner conductor of the coaxial cable is longer than an outer conductor of the coaxial cable, and wherein at least part of the exposed distal portion of the inner conductor is bent with respect to a longitudinal axis of the coaxial cable, thereby to provide a directional radiating element; wherein the microwave generator is configured to provide microwave energy to the cable apparatus at a frequency that provides directional radiation of microwave energy having a desired directionality from the radiating element.

Abstract: A medical microwave delivery system comprises a microwave generator for providing microwave energy, wherein the microwave generator is electrically isolated from an electrical earth of the medical microwave delivery system, a coaxial cable configured to transfer microwave energy from the microwave generator, and a ferrite element configured to at least partially surround at least part of the coaxial cable.

Abstract: A microwave antenna apparatus comprises an electrically conductive ground element defining an aperture, an electrically conductive elongated element extending through the aperture and terminating at a distal end, and one or more dielectric elements. The one or more of the dielectric elements electrically insulate the elongated element and the ground element from one another. The microwave antenna apparatus may be configured for use in radiating microwave energy into surface tissue of a uterine cervix so as to provide a therapeutic effect in one or more regions of the uterine cervix, such as one or more regions of the cervix infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) and/or diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or so as to create the correct biological response in one or more such regions.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy delivery system is configured to deliver energy in specific timing arrangements to improve an immune response. The electromagnetic energy delivery system may comprise a controlled electromagnetic energy source and an electromagnetic energy applicator, wherein the controlled electromagnetic energy source is configured to emit electromagnetic energy according to the specific timing arrangements as defined by a treatment profile which is configured so that the emitted electromagnetic energy stimulates and/or inhibits an immune response in a host when the emitted electromagnetic energy is delivered to the host via the electromagnetic energy applicator. A method of electromagnetic energy delivery,comprises delivering energy in specific timing arrangements to improve an immune response.

Abstract: A method of forming a microwave applicator comprising forming a body comprising dielectric material so that there is a void in the dielectric material, and depositing conductive material in the void to form a feed for coupling energy into the dielectric material.

Abstract: A method of forming a microwave applicator comprising forming a body comprising dielectric material so that there is a void in the dielectric material, and depositing conductive material in the void to form a feed for coupling energy into the dielectric material.

Abstract: A microwave system comprises a microwave generator and a microwave cable apparatus comprising a coaxial cable having a diagonally-angled end surface, wherein the microwave generator is configured to provide microwave energy to the cable apparatus at a frequency that provides directional radiation of microwave energy having a desired directionality from the diagonally-angled end surface.