Abstract: Provided is an oxygen reduction catalyst element including a water impermeable, gas permeable membrane coated on at least one a portion thereof with a porous layer including a mixture of a non-ionic polymer and at least one oxygen reduction catalytic particulate material. Also provided herein is a method of producing the oxygen reduction catalyst element, a cathode including the same and a fuel cell making use of such cathode.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment module including a bundle of hollow fiber membranes that includes a treatment portion extending between bottom and top ends and at least one gas diffuser. The membranes may be gas permeable and water impermeable. At least one end of the hollow fiber membranes is linked to a source of biofilm growth-supporting gas (BGSG) and configured to permit inlet of said BGSG into the hollow fiber membranes. Also provided herein are devices, systems and methods making use of the module.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a water treatment module, a bioreactor comprising one or more of such modules and a receptive water treatment system. Also provided herein is a method making use of the above module, bioreactor and system. The water treatment module comprises (i) at least one elongated gas enclosure comprising a gas inlet and two vertical walls, at least one vertical wall comprising a water-impermeable and gas-permeable membrane having a water-facing side and a gas-facing side, the two vertical walls separating between water external to the enclosure and gas within the enclosure, the gas enclosure being in a rolled or folded configuration to thereby define a convoluted horizontal path and one or more water-treatment spaces formed between opposite water facing sides of the enclosure; and (ii) a diffuser arrangement comprising gas diffusers configured for introducing a stream of gas into the one or more water treatment spaces.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a water treatment module, a bioreactor comprising one or more of such modules and a receptive water treatment system. Also provided herein is a method making use of the above module, bioreactor and system. The water treatment module comprises (i) at least one elongated gas enclosure comprising a gas inlet and two vertical walls, at least one vertical wall comprising a water-impermeable and gas-permeable membrane having a water-facing side and a gas-facing side, the two vertical walls separating between water external to said enclosure and gas within said enclosure, the gas enclosure being in a rolled or folded configuration to thereby define a convoluted horizontal path and one or more water-treatment spaces formed between opposite water facing sides of the enclosure; and (ii) a diffuser arrangement comprising gas diffusers configured for introducing a stream of gas into the one or more water treatment spaces.

Abstract: Provided is a clogging resistant biofilm-based water treatment system. The system includes a membrane-enclosed water flow pathway including at least one water-impermeable, oxygen-permeable membrane wall portion extending along the pathway and at least another wall portion extending along at least part of the pathway. According to the subject matter provided, biofilm growth and consequent clogging generally takes place along the water-impermeable, oxygen-permeable membrane wall portion and biofilm growth and clogging does not take place along the another wall portion.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment module including a bundle of hollow fiber membranes that includes a treatment portion extending between bottom and top ends and at least one gas diffuser. The membranes may be gas permeable and water impermeable. At least one end of the hollow fiber membranes is linked to a source of biofilm growth-supporting gas (BGSG) and configured to permit inlet of said BGSG into the hollow fiber membranes. Also provided herein are devices, systems and methods making use of the module.

Abstract: Provided is an oxygen reduction catalyst element including a water impermeable, gas permeable membrane coated on at least one a portion thereof with a porous layer including a mixture of a non-ionic polymer and at least one oxygen reduction catalytic particulate material. Also provided herein is a method of producing the oxygen reduction catalyst element, a cathode including the same and a fuel cell making use of such cathode.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a water treatment module, a bioreactor comprising one or more of such modules and a receptive water treatment system. Also provided herein is a method making use of the above module, bioreactor and system. The water treatment module comprises (i) at least one elongated gas enclosure comprising a gas inlet and two vertical walls, at least one vertical wall comprising a water-impermeable and gas-permeable membrane having a water-facing side and a gas-facing side, the two vertical walls separating between water external to said enclosure and gas within said enclosure, the gas enclosure being in a rolled or folded configuration to thereby define a convoluted horizontal path and one or more water-treatment spaces formed between opposite water facing sides of the enclosure; and (ii) a diffuser arrangement comprising gas diffusers configured for introducing a stream of gas into the one or more water treatment spaces.

Abstract: A bacterial fuel cell including at least one anode and at least two cathodes in liquid communication with a liquid to be treated, the at least one anode being separated from the at least two cathodes by at least first and second electrically insulating spacers and the at least one anode and the at least two cathodes being electrically connected across an external load and the at least one anode and the at least two cathodes being wound together generally in a spiral configuration together with at least a third electrically insulating spacer.

Abstract: A system for treating wastewater including at least one water-treatment pathway having at least one wastewater inlet, at least one oxygen-permeable, water-impermeable wall, separating an interior of the pathway from outside air, and at least one treated wastewater outlet and arranged for at least aerobic treatment of the wastewater as it flows from the at least one wastewater inlet to the at least one treated wastewater outlet, at least one wastewater supply conduit, supplying the wastewater to the at least one wastewater inlet of the water-treatment pathway and at least one treated wastewater conduit, supplying treated wastewater from the at least one treated wastewater outlet of the at least one water-treatment pathway.