Abstract: Reducing migration distortions in migrated images of the Earth's subsurface. Recorded seismic data may be migrated, using a migration velocity model, to generate a migration image comprising ADCIGs with distortions. Synthetic seismic data may be generated, using the migration velocity model, for a grid of point scatterers. The synthetic seismic data may be migrated, using the migration velocity model, to generate impulse responses for the point scatterers. The impulse responses are used as point spread functions (PSFs) which approximate the blurring operator, e.g., the Hessian. An optimal reflectivity model may be selected using image-domain least-squares migration (LSM), based on the PSFs, with regularization of the difference between the migration image and a reflectivity model and a total variation (TV) regularization of the reflectivity model in the spatial and angular domains.

Abstract: A system and method for interpolating seismic data collected by a set of geophones arranged in an irregularly spaced grid by: transforming the collected seismic data by a Radon transform; pre-computing a set of basis function correlation factors by geometrically scaling a spatial geometry of each temporal frequency slice of the transformed seismic data independently by its temporal frequency; computing, solely in the transformed domain, an anti-leakage Radon transform of the seismic data by computing each Radon coefficient independently for each temporal frequency slice using the pre-computed basis function correlation factors, until a relative error between the collected seismic data and an approximation of the collected seismic data based on the Radon coefficients is less than a predetermined convergence threshold; and simulating seismic data collected in a regularly spaced grid by interpolating the anti-leakage Radon transform of the collected seismic data in the irregularly spaced grid.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for restoring a 3D tomographic model of the Earth's subsurface geology from the present-day to a past restoration time. Whereas at the present time all faults represent active discontinuities, at a past restoration time some faults have not yet formed. Accordingly, the restored model divides the fault network into ?-active faults (discontinuous surfaces for faults that intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time) and ?-inactive faults (continuous surfaces for faults that do not intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time). A new 3D restoration transformation is also provided that uses linear geological constraints to process the restoration model in less time and generate more accurate geological images.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for restoring a 3D tomographic model of the Earth's subsurface geology from the present-day to a past restoration time. Whereas at the present time all faults represent active discontinuities, at a past restoration time some faults have not yet formed. Accordingly, the restored model divides the fault network into ?-active faults (discontinuous surfaces for faults that intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time) and ?-inactive faults (continuous surfaces for faults that do not intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time). A new 3D restoration transformation is also provided that uses linear geological constraints to process the restoration model in less time and generate more accurate geological images.

Abstract: A system and method for attenuating surface waves in common shot gathers of seismic data recorded by a set of geophones by: iteratively executing a genetic algorithm over a plurality of generations to generate an optimal one-dimensional (1D) Earth model based on the common shot gather data by, successively refining a pool of candidate Earth models to better fit the common shot gather data, until optimal Earth models in sequential generations converge; generating synthetic surface wave data based on the optimal Earth model and canceling the synthetic surface wave data from the common shot gather data to generate new common shot gather data that reduces the noise due to surface waves; and iteratively executing the genetic algorithm over each new common shot gather data until optimal Earth models generated in sequential iterations of the genetic algorithm converge.

Abstract: Automatic propagation of real-world parent seismic images to efficiently generate a collection of realistic synthetic child training images to train a model for accurate automatic seismic interpretation. A 3D structural model in a present-day geological space (e.g., GB) depicting subsurface locations of particles (e.g., in region B) may be transformed by a 3D coordinate space transformation (e.g., uvtB) to a depositional space (e.g., G*B) depicting past depositional locations of those particles (e.g., corresponding depositional region B). A real-world parent image depicting subsurface locations of particles (e.g., in region A) may be transformed, via a forward transformation (e.g., uvtA), to a depositional seismic image in the depositional space of the three-dimensional structural model (e.g., G*A=G*B). A reverse transformation (e.g., uutB?1) may transform the depositional seismic image from the depositional space into synthetic child training images in the present-day geological space (e.g.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing migration distortions in migrated images of the Earth's subsurface. Recorded seismic data may be migrated, using a migration velocity model, to generate a migration image comprising distortions. Synthetic seismic data may be generated, using the migration velocity model, for a grid of scattered points. The synthetic seismic data may be migrated, using the migration velocity model, to generate impulse responses for the scattered points. The impulse responses are used as point spread functions (PSFs) which approximates the blurring operator, e.g., the Hessian operator. An optimal reflectivity model may be selected using image-domain least-squares migration (LSM), based on the PSFs, with a regularization of the difference between the migration image and a reflectivity model and a total variation (TV) regularization of the reflectivity model. An image of the optimal reflectivity model may be generated that has reduced migration distortions compared to the original migration image.

Abstract: A system and method for attenuating surface waves in common shot gathers of seismic data recorded by a set of geophones by: iteratively executing a genetic algorithm over a plurality of generations to generate an optimal one-dimensional (1D) Earth model based on the common shot gather data by, successively refining a pool of candidate Earth models to better fit the common shot gather data, until optimal Earth models in sequential generations converge; generating synthetic surface wave data based on the optimal Earth model and canceling the synthetic surface wave data from the common shot gather data to generate new common shot gather data that reduces the noise due to surface waves; and iteratively executing the genetic algorithm over each new common shot gather data until optimal Earth models generated in sequential iterations of the genetic algorithm converge.

Abstract: A system and method for modeling a geological structure may include, in an initial model, computing a first function for a geological structure including a first set of iso-surfaces. A processor may detect if the first set of iso-surfaces intersect a set of geological markers within a threshold proximity. If not, the initial model may be corrected using an induced mesh having an increased cell resolution compare to the initial model for computing a second function for the geological structure including a second set of iso-surfaces that intersect the geological markers within the threshold proximity. A processor may insert the second set of iso-surfaces into a second model to locally increase its resolution relative to the initial model by dividing cells in the second model along the second set of iso-surfaces. For each new geological structure, the above steps may be repeated using the second model as the initial model.

Abstract: A system and method for interpolating seismic data collected by a set of geophones arranged in an irregularly spaced grid by: transforming the collected seismic data by a Radon transform; pre-computing a set of basis function correlation factors by geometrically scaling a spatial geometry of each temporal frequency slice of the transformed seismic data independently by its temporal frequency; computing, solely in the transformed domain, an anti-leakage Radon transform of the seismic data by computing each Radon coefficient independently for each temporal frequency slice using the pre-computed basis function correlation factors, until a relative error between the collected seismic data and an approximation of the collected seismic data based on the Radon coefficients is less than a predetermined convergence threshold; and simulating seismic data collected in a regularly spaced grid by interpolating the anti-leakage Radon transform of the collected seismic data in the irregularly spaced grid.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for restoring a 3D tomographic model of the Earth's subsurface geology from the present-day to a past restoration time. Whereas at the present time all faults represent active discontinuities, at a past restoration time some faults have not yet formed. Accordingly, the restored model divides the fault network into ?-active faults (discontinuous surfaces for faults that intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time) and ?-inactive faults (continuous surfaces for faults that do not intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time). A new 3D restoration transformation is also provided that uses linear geological constraints to process the restoration model in less time and generate more accurate geological images.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for restoring a 3D tomographic model of the Earth's subsurface geology from the present-day to a past restoration time. Whereas at the present time all faults represent active discontinuities, at a past restoration time some faults have not yet formed. Accordingly, the restored model divides the fault network into ?-active faults (discontinuous surfaces for faults that intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time) and ?-inactive faults (continuous surfaces for faults that do not intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time). A new 3D restoration transformation is also provided that uses linear geological constraints to process the restoration model in less time and generate more accurate geological images.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for restoring a 3D tomographic model of the Earth's subsurface geology from the present-day to a past restoration time. Whereas at the present time all faults represent active discontinuities, at a past restoration time some faults have not yet formed. Accordingly, the restored model divides the fault network into ?-active faults (discontinuous surfaces for faults that intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time) and ?-inactive faults (continuous surfaces for faults that do not intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time). A new 3D restoration transformation is also provided that uses linear geological constraints to process the restoration model in less time and generate more accurate geological images.

Abstract: A method and system for computing and visualizing sedimentary attributes may include receiving, by a processor, paleo-geographic coordinates representing predicted approximate positions of particles of sediment deposited at a time period when a layer was originally formed. The processor may numerically compute or determine a sedimentation rate that varies laterally along the layer. The processor may determine a sedimentary attribute based on the lateral variation of the sedimentation rate along the layer with respect to the paleo-geographic coordinates. A monitor or display may display the sedimentary attribute of the layer in the present-day geological space.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for restoring a 3D tomographic model of the Earth's subsurface geology from the present-day to a past restoration time. Whereas at the present time all faults represent active discontinuities, at a past restoration time some faults have not yet formed. Accordingly, the restored model divides the fault network into ?-active faults (discontinuous surfaces for faults that intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time) and ?-inactive faults (continuous surfaces for faults that do not intersect the layer deposited at the past restoration time). A new 3D restoration transformation is also provided that uses linear geological constraints to process the restoration model in less time and generate more accurate geological images.

Abstract: A method for editing a volume-based model imaging geological structures. An initial volume-based model comprising a volumetric mesh and updated geological data defined within a region of the model is received. The volume-based model is decomposed by converting the volumetric mesh into surface meshes linked by stratigraphic fibers to generate a surface-based model. The defined region of the surface-based model is edited by editing positions of control nodes of the surface meshes along the stratigraphic fibers in the defined region of the model so as to fit the updated geological data. The plurality of stratigraphic fibers are updated based on the edited positions of the control nodes so as to fit the updated geological data. The edited surface-based model is meshed to generate an updated volume-based model comprising a volumetric mesh defined by the edited positions of the control nodes. The updated volume-based model is stored and/or displayed.

Abstract: A system and method for receiving data associated with a set of microseismic events and a fracture network, the data associated with each microseismic event including a location where, and a time when, the microseismic event was recorded by one or more sensors. Each microseismic event in the set may be added to a fracture network in chronological order of the time when the microseismic event was recorded. Each microseismic event may be added by connecting the event to the fracture network by a fracture according to a connection criterion. A stimulated rock volume may be generated that is defined by an iso-surface of points having a constant distance to the fracture network, wherein the fracture network includes a plurality of microseismic events in the set and a plurality of fractures connecting the plurality of microseismic events according to the connection criterion.

Abstract: A method includes acquiring measurement data from a plurality of measurements corresponding to different depths within a wellbore. Using a processor, a distribution of rock types in each cell of a plurality of geological cells around the wellbore is determined from the measurement data. Petrophysical characteristics of each cell of the plurality of geological cells are calculated from the distribution of rock types.

Abstract: A system and method for modeling seismic data using time preserving tomography including storing an initial set of parameter values representing an initial seismic data model. The initial seismic model may correspond to at least two or more ray pairs. Each ray pair may have a traveltime. An altered model may be generated by altering two or more parameter values in the initial set of parameter values for each of two or more ray pairs in the initial model. Altering one parameter value without altering the remaining of the two or more parameter values may correspond to a change in the traveltime of each of the ray pairs, while altering the two or more parameter values in combination typically corresponds to no net change in the traveltime of each of the ray pairs.

Abstract: A system and method may model physical geological structures. Seismic and geologic data may be accepted. A three-dimensional (3D) transformation may be generated between a 3D present day model having points representing present locations of the physical geological structures and a 3D past depositional model having points representing locations where the physical geological structures were originally deposited. An indication may be accepted to locally change the 3D transformation for a subset of sampling points in a first model of the models. The 3D transformation may be locally changed to fit the updated subset of sampling points. A locally altered or updated version of the first model and, e.g., second model, may be displayed where local changes to the first model are defined by the locally changed 3D transformation. The transformation may also be used to extract geobodies in the past depositional model.