Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pipe assembly comprising: a pipe with an electrically conductive wall with a thermally conductive outer coating; a first electrical connector that is arranged in electrical contact with the wall of the pipe; and a second electrical connector that is arranged in electrical contact with the wall of the pipe; wherein the first and second electrical connectors are arranged to support the flow of an electrical current through the wall of the pipe to thereby heat the wall of the pipe; and in use, the pipe is arranged to allow cooling of the outer surface of the wall of the pipe by the surrounding environment of the pipe when the outer surface of the wall of the pipe is hotter than its surrounding environment. Advantageously, embodiments provide an effective, efficient and less expensive technique for heating the pipe in order to remove deposits for the inner walls of the pipes. Applications include the subsea application of cooling oil well products for cold flow.

Abstract: A fluid flow processing plant for pig-free removal of wax and hydrate deposits in hydrocarbon production flowlines may include at least one cooling flowline. Further, the fluid flow processing plant my include cooling means arranged to cool the fluid in the at least one cooling flowline over a cooling section until the fluid reaches a temperature at or near the cooling flowline's surrounding temperature (Tsea) and at least one vehicle arranged on or near the outer circumference of the cooling flowline. Furthermore, each vehicle may include at least one sleeve configured to at least partly surround an outer circumference of the cooling flowline, deposit removing means being configured to remove deposits situated on an inner wall of the cooling flowline, and a propulsion unit configured to drive the vehicle bi-directionally on the cooling flowline.

Abstract: A bi-directional pig apparatus for removing wax and hydrate deposits in subsea hydrocarbon production flowlines including a pig arranged for movement inside a pipe, the pig having a tubular body and one or more magnets arranged in a circumferential wall of said body, each of the one or more magnets includes an elongated bar having a succession of teeth and slots, arranged such that the succession of teeth are facing radially outwards. The apparatus having a through-going opening between opposite ends of said tubular body to allow fluids (F) in the pipe to flow through and propulsion means arranged and configured for imparting a motive force to the pig, whereby the pig is movable inside the pipe.

Abstract: A fluid flow processing plant for pig-free removal of wax and hydrate deposits in hydrocarbon production flowlines may include at least one cooling flowline. Further, the fluid flow processing plant my include cooling means arranged to cool the fluid in the at least one cooling flowline over a cooling section until the fluid reaches a temperature at or near the cooling flowline's surrounding temperature (Tsea) and at least one vehicle arranged on or near the outer circumference of the cooling flowline. Furthermore, each vehicle may include at least one sleeve configured to at least partly surround an outer circumference of the cooling flowline, deposit removing means being configured to remove deposits situated on an inner wall of the cooling flowline, and a propulsion unit configured to drive the vehicle bi-directionally on the cooling flowline.

Abstract: A bi-directional pig apparatus for removing wax and hydrate deposits in subsea hydrocarbon production flowlines including a pig arranged for movement inside a pipe, the pig having a tubular body and one or more magnets arranged in a circumferential wall of said body, each of the one or more magnets includes an elongated bar having a succession of teeth and slots, arranged such that the succession of teeth are facing radially outwards. The apparatus having a through-going opening between opposite ends of said tubular body to allow fluids (F) in the pipe to flow through and propulsion means arranged and configured for imparting a motive force to the pig, whereby the pig is movable inside the pipe.