Abstract: Methods and electromagnetic energy harvester for converting movements of bodies to electricity or rotations and vibrations of wheels of vehicles while traveling to electricity that includes a coil fixed to the body or to the wheel, a rotary magnetic generator axially connected to the body or to the wheel distal from its center of gravity and a stationary magnet fixed to the body or to the wheel. The axial connection of the rotary magnetic generator and the relative fixation of the stationary magnet enable a magnetic force between the magnets to rotate the rotary magnetic generator about its axial connection to an equilibrium rotation angle, and that axial connection enables the vibrations, rotations or movements of the body or the wheel to rotate the rotary magnetic generator out from that equilibrium rotation angle, and these cyclical rotations create alternating voltage between ends of the coil.

Abstract: A monitored drive belt of a machine that includes a drive belt (3), a module (1) fixed to the drive belt that includes an electromagnetic device (11) with two terminals (1111) and (1112) and an electric device (12), a magnet (22) fixed to a body of the machine at close proximity to a path of module (1) when the drive belt rotates. The electric device includes a power management circuit (121) that is connected to the two terminals (1111) (11112), an electric power storing device (122), at least one sensor (123) that is designed to sense surrounding condition or condition of the drive belt itself, and a data transmission means (124), and such that when the driving belt rotates the magnet can induces electric voltage between the two terminals of the electromagnetic device, and such that the voltage can be managed by the power management circuit and such that the power management circuit can charge the electric power storing device, and power the sensor and the data transmission means.

Abstract: A system for detecting deviation of center of weight of a vehicle from a geometric center of the vehicle while the vehicle is traveling that includes a central processor and a plurality of wheels with tires, wherein each tire includes a deformation sensor, a pressure sensor, a tire processor, and a data transmitter. The deformation sensors are attached to a specific area on the inner side of the tire, and designed to produce deformation signals by measuring or sensing frequencies and amplitudes of vibrations or bends of the tire when the specific area crosses the contact patch of the tire with the ground, and the data transmitter is designed to transmit to the central processor the deformation signals and detected tire pressures of the tires, and the central processor detects the deviation based on differences in the deformation signals and detected pressures.

Abstract: A system for measuring the length of the contact patch of a tire mounted on a wheel of a vehicle while the vehicle is traveling that includes a chassis, a light source, a light sensor, a data transmission unit, and a processor. The chassis is attached to the inner side of the tire, and the light source, the light sensor, and the data transmitting unit are attached to the chassis in a way that when the light source illuminates at a specific spot on the inner side of the tire the returning light is detected by the light sensor and the intensity of the returning light can be changed when that specific spot enters the contact patch and when exits the contact patch. The data transmitting unit calculates the length of the contact patch based on intensity changes of the detected light.

Abstract: A system for a tire mounted on a wheel of a vehicle that includes a chassis, a light source, a light sensor, a transmission unit, and a processing unit. The chassis is attached to the inner side of the tire, and the light source and the light sensor are attached to the chassis so that when the light source illuminates, a returning light is be detected by the light sensor, that produces a signal based on changes in intensity of the detected light. The changes reflect frequencies and amplitudes of the tire vibrations or tire bends of the tire part that crosses the contact patch. The processing unit detects characteristics of the contact area, the type of the road, the degree of the tire wear, or the size of load on the wheel based on the signal.

Abstract: A tire system for a tire mounted on a wheel of a vehicle that includes a chassis, a light source, a light sensor, a data transmission unit, and a processing unit. The chassis is attached to the inner side of the tire, the light source and the light sensor are attached to the chassis so that when the light source illuminates at a specific area on the inner side of the tire the returning light is detected by the light sensor that produce a signal based on changes in intensity of the detected light that reflect frequencies and amplitudes of vibrations of the tire or bends of the tire. Based on the signal the processing unit detects characteristics of the contact area of the tire with the road, a type of the road the vehicle is traveling on, a degree of wear of the tire, or a size of load on the wheel.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy harvesting system for converting kinetic excitations of a body to electricity. The system includes a coil, a magnet, and a push-back magnet that is fixed to the body. The magnet is connected to the body by an axial connection that enables the magnet to rotate about the axis of rotation that is distal from the center of gravity of the magnet. The push-back magnet exerts repulsive force on the magnet rotates the magnet about its axis of rotation in a way that the center of gravity of the magnet rotates away from the push-back magnet. The kinetic excitations of the body cause the magnet to rotate about its axis of rotation in a way that the center of gravity of the magnet rotates towards the push-back magnet, and as a result the rotations of the magnet create alternating voltage between ends of the coil.

Abstract: A harvesting system that includes a dynamo with a rotor and a stator, a push magnet that is attached to the rotor or is a part of it, a moving magnet that moves from a first position to a second position, and a push back magnet. The repulsive magnetic force that is exerted by the moving magnet on the push magnet in the second position is greater than that force in the first position. The moving magnet moves from the first position to the second position and causes the rotor to rotate from a dynamo first position to a dynamo second position that causes the dynamo to produce current. When the moving magnet moves back to the first position the dynamo returns to its first position due to magnetic force that the push back magnet exerts on the push magnet.

Abstract: A method for achieving a desired vibration resonance frequency of electromagnetic energy harvesters that includes the step of providing a harvester that includes a coil wound along a core, a magnet, a suspending device that includes a base connected to the body and a hinge connected to the magnet, and a stationary magnet attached to the body or the base when the positive poles of the magnets faces each other and the repulsive magnetic force between them restore the magnet. The gravity center of the hinge and the magnet is shifted off the rotation axis of the hinge so that body vibrations cause a relative alternating movement between the core and the magnet that creates alternating voltage between in the coil, and the step of determining the specific distance between the magnets based on the magnetic flux strength of the stationary magnet for achieving the desired frequency.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring a load on a tire while the vehicle traveling that include a microprocessor, a tire pressure sensor that is fixed to the tire, and an electromechanical sensor that is fixed to a point on the tire. The electromechanical sensor generates a beginning signal when the point begins to be part of the flat tire contact patch of the tire with the ground, and an ending signal when this point ceases to be part of the patch. The microprocessor calculates the patch contact time period, calculates the flat tire contact patch length from the radius of the tire and the ratio between the patch contact time period and the complete tire rotation period, and calculates the load on the tire from the tire pressure as measured by the pressure sensor and the length of the flat tire contact patch.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring a load on a tire while the vehicle traveling that include a microprocessor, a tire pressure sensor that is fixed to the tire, and an electromechanical sensor that is fixed to a point on the tire. The electromechanical sensor generates a beginning signal when the point begins to be part of the flat tire contact patch of the tire with the ground, and an ending signal when this point ceases to be part of the patch. The microprocessor calculates the patch contact time period, calculates the flat tire contact patch length from the radius of the tire and the ratio between the patch contact time period and the complete tire rotation period, and calculates the load on the tire from the tire pressure as measured by the pressure sensor and the length of the flat tire contact patch.

Abstract: A device for converting bends of a body to electricity that includes a generator, a bending converter and a connector. The generator includes a stator and a rotor that is connected to a rotational shaft. The bending converter includes a bending arm that has a front side and a back side. The stator and the back side of the bending arm are designed to be fixed directly or indirectly to the body. The rotational shaft is connected to the connector at a first connecting point and the front side of the bending arm is connected to the connector at a second connecting point. When the body bends then the bending arm bend and rotates the rotor relative to the stator.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy harvester for converting vibrations of a body to electricity that includes a coil with two ends that is wound along a longitudinal axis of a ferromagnetic core, a magnet, and a suspending device that its first end is designed to be fixed to the body and its second end is designed to be fixed to the magnet. The first end of the core is design to be at close proximity to the magnet and the longitudinal axis of the core is designed to be substantially aligned vertically to the magnetic axis of the magnet. The vibrations of the body can cause a relative alternating movement between the core and the magnet that can create alternating voltage between the ends of the coil.

Abstract: A tire with a treads depth measuring device that includes a first electrode and a second electrode that are fixed to internal surface of the tire, and an oscillator that is electrically connected to the electrodes so that capacitance between the electrodes affects frequencies of the oscillator. Changes in frequencies of the oscillator can be used to detect and calculate changes in thickness of the tire and changes in depth of treads in the tire.

Abstract: A system for detecting pressure and wear conditions of tires that includes a module positioned inside each wheel of a vehicle. The module includes sensors, a processor, a transmitter and a power source for powering the module. The output from the sensors in each wheel is fed to the processors of each wheel for data processing and the data is transmitted by the transmitter in each wheel to a receiver and data processor located outside of the wheels. The data processor is designed to analyze the received processed data from the modules, and to provide alerts based on stored information and by comparing the processed data from the first wheel with the processed data from the second wheel.

Abstract: A device for converting bends of a body to electricity, that is designed to be fixed to the body, that includes an electromagnetic device with a coil and a core, a magnet and a converter that is designed to convert bending of the body to a movement of the magnet relative to the electromagnetic device.

Abstract: A device for converting mechanical energy to electrical energy that include a mechanical device comprising a seismic mass flexibly connected to a base by at least one spring, a mechano-electric transducer that is associated with the mechanical device for converting mechanical energy of the seismic mass to electric energy, and an electric circuit that is connected to the mechano-electric transducer in a way that electric current is generated in the electric circuit when the seismic mass moves relative to the base. The mechano-electric transducer is designed to adjust a force that the mechano-electric transducer can exert on the mechanical device and by that to control the conversion level of the mechanical energy to the electrical energy.

Abstract: The present invention discloses, inter alia, a micro-electromechanical device (DEVICE) for sensing and for harvesting electrical energy responsive to being subjected to mechanical forces that includes at least one first electrode fixedly mounted on a first support, wherein the at least one first electrode is chargeable with electrons, and at least one second electrode inertia-mounted on a second support such that the first and second supports are electrically isolated from each other.