Abstract: If a semiconductor device is prepared so that it contains a photoconductive region in electrical series with a photovoltaic region, (i.e., a Schottky barrier or p-n junction) it can function as an optical amplifier and detector. When weak ac light plus an intense dc light are focused on this sample in an appropriate manner, the detected ac electric current will correspond to the intensity of the dc light but have the phase of the ac light; thus a weak ac light signal is effectively amplified, or a dc light signal is converted into an ac electrical signal capable of synchronous detection.

Abstract: A process for preparing a catalyst composition wherein a Metal Hydrocarboxide I, such as aluminum secbutoxide, a Metal Hydrocarboxide II, such as zirconium butoxide, an acidic phosphorus-oxygen composition, such as phosphoric acid, and water, are reacted in the presence of a liquid organic medium, such as acetone, to form a catalyst precursor composition, which is then calcined to form the catalyst, is disclosed. The catalyst is useful for condensing carboxylic acids or their ester with aldehydes or acetals to synthesize .alpha. ,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated acids or esters, such as methylmethacrylate.

Abstract: A fluidizing feed apparatus (20) for supplying particulate material to a fluidized bed furnace (12) having a housing (22) which defines a chamber which is divided by a multi-tiered perforated distribution plate (24) into a plurality of independent gas plenums (26, 36, 52) beneath the respective tiers (23, 25, 27) of the distribution plate, a particulate fluidizing plenum (28) above the upper outer position (25) of the distribution plate (24) and a particulate feed plenum (30) superadjacent the lower central portion (25) of the distribution plate (24). Conveying gas is independently fed under pressure to each of the gas plenums to pass upwardly through the respective tiers of the perforated distribution plate.

Abstract: An electric generator operatively connected to a gas turbine is driven by driving the gas turbine with high pressure hydrogen released from a hydrogen storage alloy which is contained in a first zone and which is heated by indirect heat exchange with a heating medium while reabsorbing the hydrogen discharged from the gas turbine in a hydrogen storage alloy which is contained in a second zone and which is cooled by indirect heat exchange with a cooling medium. By switching the flows of the heating and cooling media alternately, an electric energy may be continuously obtained from the electric generator.

Abstract: The high speed syruper of this invention utilizes a combination of vacuum and pressure to fill cans with liquid. Steam is introduced into the cans prior to the application of a vacuum, and then the cans are filled with liquid under pressure, preferably in the range of 4 to 10 PSI.The filling apparatus comprises a circular ring manifold mounted for rotation on a vertical axis. A rotary coupling fluidly connects the manifold to a pressurized source of liquid, and a plurality of cam operated valves control the flow of liquid from the manifold into the cans.

Abstract: A machine tool in which processing can be performed on the workpiece from two directions and in which various types of machining processes other than turning can be performed on the workpiece by means of a turret on which a plurality of tools are mounted. The turret is freely indexible on a tool rest which is mounted on a horizontal guide for horizontal positioning. The horizontal guide is mounted for vertical positioning on a vertical column which is in turn mounted on a horizontal slide member the axis of which is perpendicular to the horizontal guide section supporting the tool rest. A workpiece holder is mounted for free rotation on the frame of the machine tool. The turret may thus be positioned and indexed so as to select one of a variety of processing tools such as a cutting tool, a drill, a milling cutter, or the like, and to perform the processing in either a horizontal or vertical direction.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, an improved method for preparing acrylic copolymer resins is provided in which the polymerization solvent comprises an alkanoic acid alkyl ester having a total of from about 7 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule. The monomers comprise hydroxy-substituted alkyl (meth)acrylates, and non-hydroxy substituted alkyl (meth)acrylates, and the process provides an improved method for forming low molecular weight acrylic resins useful as components in high solids acrylic coatings suitable for electrostatic spraying. The polymerization solvent can remain in the resin to become the solvent employed in the higher solids coating containing the thus-formed acrylic resins and provides surprisingly improved electrical resistivity and solvency and decreased surface tensions over prior art polymerization solvents.

Abstract: A cross head die for extruding an annular layer of thermoplastic resin on a mandril includes a resin flow path having an inlet, a cardioid shaped primary distribution channel, a gate passage, an equilibration chamber and a transfer channel surrounding the mandril and a mouth at the downstream end of the transfer channel opening into a resin extrusion channel surrounding the mandrel.

Abstract: Oil is dehydrated and/or desalted by the influence of a dewatering and desalting formulation which can be characterized as an admixture of (i) a demulsifier preferably an alkylene oxide alkyl phenol-formaldehyde condensate such as a poly ethoxylated nonylphenolformaldehyde condensate and (ii) a deoiler which is usefully a polyol such as ethylene glycol or poly (ethylene glycol) of Mw ranging from 106 to 44,000 and preferably ethylene glycol.The aqueous formulation may usefully contain a cosolvent such as isopropanol.

Abstract: Screens for limiting heat losses from heated material, e.g. bars and slabs in rolling mills. Screens are provided in the form of strings of heat insulating bodies composed of metal shells containing insulating material. These screens may form curtains and/or covers for the hot material. Containing chambers for the hot material may be provided with such strings of elements and the chambers may also comprise structure for limiting heat conduction losses through the material supports therein. The screens may be collapsed over the hot material thereby completely surrounding and insulating the material from loss of heat. A displaceable chamber installation may also be provided for limiting heat loss when holding and transferring hot material between processing stages.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process for controlling the viscosity of organic liquids by incorporating in said liquid a minor amount of polymer complex, and optionally a cosolvent for the ionic groups of said polymer. The polymer complex comprises the reaction product of a metal neutralized sulfonated polymer and a basic nitrogen-containing polymer, wherein the polymer complex is substantially soluble in said organic liquid, and pendant sulfonate groups which are substantially insoluble in said organic liquid. The optional cosolvent is selected which will solubilize the pendant sulfonate groups and provide a reasonably homogeneous mixture of solvent, cosolvent and polymer complex. The preferred compositions prepared by the method of the instant invention comprise an organic liquid having a solubility parameter of from 6 to 10.5 in combination with a polymer complex containing from 0.2 up to 10.

Abstract: A two-wire communication system comprising a transmitting unit having constant current characteristics for controlling an output current thereof on the basis of a signal supplied from a sensor, a receiving unit for receiving a control signal to control the sensor, a load resistor and power supply connected in series with the transmitting unit via a two-wire transmission path, and a communication unit so connected in parallel to the load resistor as to convey the output current of the transmitting unit to the process side and control a current from the power supply transmitted onto the transmission path on the basis of information supplied from the process side.

Abstract: A cored single-phase brushless motor including a single position-detecting element can start itself without provision of a special cogging generating means. A field magnet as a rotor of the motor has alternate north and south magnetic pole zones, one of which has a width equal to an electrical angle of about 120 degrees while the other has a width equal to an electrical angle of about 240 degrees. A stator armature core has stator poles formed in a circumferentially equidistantly spaced relationship thereon and having a width equal to an electrical angle of about 120 degrees, and armature coils are wound on the stator poles. A position-detecting magnet rotor is formed on the field magnet, and a magnetic sensor detects a north, south magnetic pole or non-magnetized zone of the magnet rotor, to detect the position of the field magnet. An electric current successively energizes, in response to signals from the magnetic sensor, the armature coils for an electrical angle of 120 degrees to rotate the rotor.

Abstract: The invention provides a laminating press and a method of laminating an assembly of members having adhesive therebetween. A bed supports the assembly of members to be laminated, and a cover over the bed comprises a flexible diaphragm. Means for evacuating air from between the bed and the diaphragm is provided to urge the diaphragm towards to bed to exert laminating pressure on the assembly. Further means are provided to exert pressure over and above atmospheric pressure on the diaphragm to further urge the diaphragm towards the bed and exert an increased laminating pressure on the assembly to be laminated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nuclear reactor employing a liquid metal and containing a reactor vessel, and at least one satellite vessel, and a hot and a cold leg connecting means which combine to form a continuous pathway for the flow of the liquid metal between the reactor vessel and the at least one satellite vessel. Each of the hot leg and cold leg connecting means contain a bellows assembly which are readily accessible for repair or replacement without draining the reactor vessel of the liquid metal.

Abstract: A nuclear reactor is provided characterized by a circulating liquid metal cooling system comprising a heat exchanger having a closed intermediate heat transfer fluid circuit in the form of a helical coil juxtaposed with the liquid metal coolant system, which effectively transfers heat through the intermediate circuit to a secondary fluid circuit. The intermediate heat transfer fluid circuit, which completely separates the liquid metal cooling system from the secondary fluid circuit, prevents potentially dangerous reactions between the primary liquid metal coolant and the secondary fluid (e.g., water).The efficiency, reliability and safety of the heat exchanger features eliminates the need for many secondary heat removal and emergency components in the design of the nuclear reactor.

Abstract: A covalently bonded reaction product of:(a) a sulfomaleic anhydride adduct with an unsaturated hydrocarbon polymer; and(b) a polar molecule containing at least one primary or secondary amino group.

Abstract: A laser tube for a laser generator used in a laser machining tool is formed by a plurality of disks laminated together to form an integral unit. The disks have a main hole for the passage of laser gas and at least one sub-hole for a sub-flow of laser gas. The sub-hole of each disk is connected with the respective main hole of the disk by a gas injection channel through which laser gas is injected into the main hole at a plurality of longitudinal positions in the laser tube to provide a homogeneous laser gas velocity distribution in the laser tube.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for forming ketones from the corresponding olefins by vapor phase oxidiation of the olefin in the presence of molecular oxygen and water vapor employing a heterogeneous catalyst comprising rhenium compounds and complexes, optionally containing at least one metal compound or complex selected from the group consisting of Group VIB metals and Group VIII noble metals, and mixtures thereof. It has been surprisingly found that these catalysts effect the formation of ketones in high selectivities with minimal selectivities to the undesirable carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide by-products.