Abstract: An umbrella seal (42) for a valve stem includes an outer cylindrical portion (44) having a diameter larger than the diameter of the valve stem. An upper cylindrical portion (46) is operable to be disposed about the valve stem with an inner cylindrical surface (48) disposed thereabout. A lower cylindrical portion (44) has a diameter larger than the valve stem and is connected to the upper cylindrical portion (46) by a flat section (50). A garter spring (52) is disposed around the outer surface of the upper cylindrical portion (46) in a recess (54). When the inner cylindrical surface (48) is disposed against the surface of the valve stem, the garter spring (52) provides an inwardly directed force thereon. The garter spring (52) expands both radially and tangentially.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for remanufacturing a valve seat includes providing a valve having an oversize valve head (52) and an oversize valve stem (80). The oversize valve head has a seating surface (60) which rides higher in the valve seat (34) after resurfacing thereof. The seating surface (60) on the valve head (58) therefore rides higher on the new seating surface (66) in the valve seat (34). The oversize valve stem (80) accommodates a bored out valve guide (78) to allow a single size valve stem to be utilized. A keeper grove (84) is disposed on the upper end of the oversize valve stem (80) and dimensioned such that it is disposed a predetermined distance below the original dimension of a standard valve. This allows a predetermined amount of compression to be placed onto the valve spring (28) to account for fatigue therein.