Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to flour supplement compositions that contain transglutaminase and an amino acid selected from lysine, glutamine or a combination thereof. Additionally, the present disclosure is directed to flour-based food compositions or foodstuffs (e.g., breads, pastas, noodles, etc.) prepared with the supplement. The present disclosure is still further directed to methods for preparing wheat flour compositions by adding the supplement or alternatively by adding an amino acid selected from lysine, glutamine or a combination thereof and transglutaminase to flour used therein.