Abstract: At least some embodiments provide illustrative systems and methods that may enable formulation optimization using one or more processor(s) that may be programmed to: receive an amino acid formulation request for an amino acid combination for a hydration beverage, the amino acid formulation request having a first set of optimization criteria including a first water uptake metric for glucose and a taste profile metric associated with a score indicative of an effect on a taste profile of the hydration beverage; access a second set of optimization criteria, including an expression pattern for receptors in the intestine, a second water uptake metric for the amino acid formulation, and amino acid data of each amino acid; and generate an optimized amino acid-based formulation utilizing a hydration beverage optimization engine to optimize a concentration of one or more amino acids based on the first and second sets of optimization criteria.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for promoting stem cell and/or progenitor cell proliferation and/or differentiation. The provided compositions may be useful in treating a disease or condition that is related to mucosal barrier function, e.g., wound healing, treating skin conditions (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, bed sores, or condition related to the aging of skin), treating a lung disorders (e.g., asthma), a condition related to improving mucosal barrier function, and/or treating injury to GI mucosa in a subject in need thereof. The present disclosure also provides methods for promoting the proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells and/or the progenitor cells in a subject in need of such treatment by administering a composition. The ability to stimulate the proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells and/or the progenitor cells in vivo, ex vivo and/or in vitro provides tremendous benefit.