Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include de-icing compositions, along with the manufacture of and use of the de-icing compositions. The de-icing compositions achieve a higher melting capacity and melt ice for longer times than conventional de-icing solutions. The de-icing compositions include suspensions of salt instead of solutions. These de-icing suspensions can be applied to ice using liquid application systems. Embodiments include a de-icing composition. The de-icing composition is a suspension. The de-icing composition includes a solvent, which includes water. The de-icing composition may also include a salt component in a total concentration greater than the solubility of the salt component in water at a temperature in a range from 0° F. to 40° F. A portion of the salt component may not be dissolved in the solvent. The undissolved portion of the salt component may include particles with an effective diameter less than 500 ?m. The de-icing composition may further include a suspending agent.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include de-icing compositions, along with the manufacture of and use of the de-icing compositions. The de-icing compositions achieve a higher melting capacity and melt ice for longer times than conventional de-icing solutions. The de-icing compositions include suspensions of salt instead of solutions. These de-icing suspensions can be applied to ice using liquid application systems. Embodiments include a de-icing composition. The de-icing composition is a suspension. The de-icing composition includes a solvent, which includes water. The de-icing composition may also include a salt component in a total concentration greater than the solubility of the salt component in water at a temperature in a range from 0° F. to 40° F. A portion of the salt component may not be dissolved in the solvent. The undissolved portion of the salt component may include particles with an effective diameter less than 500 ?m. The de-icing composition may further include a suspending agent.

Abstract: A method of reducing dust generation from an aggregate surface is described. The method includes applying a dust suppression compound to the aggregate surface. The dust suppression compound may be made from an aqueous mixture of an alkylcellulose compound and a halogen containing salt.

Abstract: Deicing compositions are described for reducing an amount of ice formed on a surface. The deicing compositions may include about 1 wt. % to about 15 wt. % of a salt of citric acid. The compositions may further include about 23 wt. % to about 28 wt. % sodium chloride when the deicing composition forms an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Deicing compositions are described for reducing an amount of ice formed on a surface. The deicing compositions may include about 1 wt. % to about 15 wt. % of a salt of citric acid. The compositions may further include about 23 wt. % to about 28 wt. % sodium chloride when the deicing composition forms an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A valve for controlling flow of a liquid is provided. The solenoid valve includes a valve body, a spring, and a plunger. The valve body includes an input port, an output port, and an orifice between the input port and the output port. The spring is positioned within a cylindrical cavity of the valve body. The plunger is within the cavity and the position of the plunger in the cavity controls flow of the liquid between the input port and the output port through the orifice. The plunger includes a core and a sleeve. The sleeve is made of a non-metallic corrosion resistant material and provides mechanical interfaces for the plunger. The core is made of a ferritic material.

Abstract: A method of operating a road spray system for distributing a liquid is provided. The method involves determining a degraded status of a road based on road condition information received from a road condition sensor. In response to determining the degraded status, a spray command is transmitted to valve control modules. The spray command is addressed to a selected one of the valve control modules and transmitted over electrical conductors which supply power to the valve control modules. The method also includes determining, at one of the valve control modules, that the one valve control module is the selected valve control module and activating a valve associated with the selected valve control module permitting flow of the liquid through the valve to a spray nozzle. Finally, the method also includes the step of receiving status information from the selected valve control module over the electrical conductors.

Abstract: Halide brine solutions that contain a dissolved salt of an alkali metal halide or alkali earth metal halide, and an anticorrosion agent comprising an alcohol diglycinate are described. The halide brine solutions may be used to treat transportation surfaces for deicing, anti-freezing, and dust suppression, among other applications. For example, methods of treating a transportation surface with a deicing composition to slow the formation of ice and snow on the surface are described. These methods may include providing the deicing composition that includes an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride, and an ethanoldiglycinate disodium salt. The deicing composition may be sprayed on the transportation surface in an amount effective to slow the formation of ice and snow on the surface.

Abstract: A method of reducing dust generation from an aggregate surface is described. The method includes applying a dust suppression compound to the aggregate surface. The dust suppression compound may be made from an aqueous mixture of an alkylcellulose compound and a halogen containing salt.

Abstract: The present invention provides a deicing device for spraying anti-icing agents over a transport surface, such as paved road or bridge, to protect the transport surface from snow deposition and ice formation. The deicing device that is surface mounted to the transport surface has a pavement sensor to determine when the deicing device is turned on and off to spray the anti-icing agents. The deicing device comprises a supporting housing, a spray puck having a plurality of nozzles and jet channels connected to the nozzles for spraying anti-icing agents, a lock ring to immobilize the spray buck within the supporting housing, and an O-ring for sealing the anti-icing agents from leaking. The spray puck can be rotated within the supporting housing to change a spray direction. The jet channels have round corners, such as parabolic shape cross-section, to prevent from collection of dirt or debris.

Abstract: Halide brine solutions that contain a dissolved salt of an alkali metal halide or alkali earth metal halide, and an anticorrosion agent comprising an alcohol diglycinate are described. The halide brine solutions may be used to treat transportation surfaces for deicing, anti-freezing, and dust suppression, among other applications. For example, methods of treating a transportation surface with a deicing composition to slow the formation of ice and snow on the surface are described. These methods may include providing the deicing composition that includes an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride, and an ethanoldiglycinate disodium salt. The deicing composition may be sprayed on the transportation surface in an amount effective to slow the formation of ice and snow on the surface.

Abstract: A composition to reduce ice buildup on a surface, the composition that includes salt, water, and starch, where the composition has a viscosity of about 60 centipoise or less at 0° F. Also, a composition to enhance deicing capabilities on a roadway, where the composition includes about 10% to about 98%, by weight, water; less than 0.5%, by weight, starch; and about 5% to about 90%, by weight, salt. In addition, a deicing composition that includes salt, water, and gelatin, where the composition has a viscosity of about 60 centipoise or less at 0° F.

Abstract: The present invention provides a deicing device for spraying anti-icing agents over a transport surface, such as paved road or bridge, to protect the transport surface from snow deposition and ice formation. The deicing device that is surface mounted to the transport surface has a pavement sensor to determine when the deicing device is turned on and off to spray the anti-icing agents. The deicing device comprises a supporting housing, a spray puck having a plurality of nozzles and jet channels connected to the nozzles for spraying anti-icing agents, a lock ring to immobilize the spray buck within the supporting housing, and an O-ring for sealing the anti-icing agents from leaking. The spray puck can be rotated within the supporting housing to change a spray direction. The jet channels have round corners, such as parabolic shape cross-section, to prevent from collection of dirt or debris.

Abstract: A composition to reduce ice buildup on a surface, the composition that includes salt, water, and starch, where the composition has a viscosity of about 60 centipoise or less at 0° F. Also, a composition to enhance deicing capabilities on a roadway, where the composition includes about 10% to about 98%, by weight, water; less than 0.5%, by weight, starch; and about 5% to about 90%, by weight, salt. In addition, a deicing composition that includes salt, water, and gelatin, where the composition has a viscosity of about 60 centipoise or less at 0° F.