Abstract: An electrical machine comprises a stator (11) having a plurality of windings (25) and a rotor (19) having a plurality of permanent magnets (26) arranged to rotate around the windings (25), the magnets (25) being mounted to an outer portion (23) of a rotor body (20), the rotor body (20) further having an inner hub portion (21) and a plurality of circumferentially-spaced arms (22) which extend radially from the hub portion (21) to the outer portion (23) of the body (20), at least one of the arms (22) comprising a vane (24) which causes an axial airflow as the rotor rotates. The axial airflow flows over the windings (25) and helps to prevent overheating without the need for any additional cooling. Since the cooling is conveniently provided by part of the rotor, the machine the machine is simple and compact.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electromagnetic motors. In some disclosed embodiments, an electromagnetic motor or generator comprise a coil and a stator comprising a 3D-printed former disposed within the coil, the former comprising a cavity containing fluid particles of material in liquid or powdered form, the particles having a relative permeability which is greater than that of air. The particles are free to move and align with the magnetic field in manner according to the strength and pattern of the induced field.