Abstract: The arrhythmia detecting apparatus of the present invention is provided with a pulse wave detecting means which non-invasively detects the pulse waveform, and an arrhythmia detecting means which detects arrhythmia by monitoring changes in the pulse waveform detected by the pulse wave detecting means. The arrhythmia detection means has a decision element which determines that arrhythmia has occurred when there is an interruption in the continuity of this change. Methods employed for investigating the continuity of change in the pulse waveform include a time domain method employing pulse wave interval values, and a frequency domain method in which frequency analysis (FFT or wavelet transformation) is carried out on the pulse waveform, with continuity studied based on the results of this analysis. As a result of this design, it is possible to detect arrhythmia by means of a simpler structure and easier operations as compared to an electrocardiogram and so on.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thin piezoelectric film having a high piezoelectric strain constant and a good adhesion with a lower electrode which can be produced without being cracked. The present invention also provides an ink jet recording head comprising this thin piezoelectric film as a vibrator. The thin piezoelectric film element of the present invention comprises a PZT film 14 made of a polycrystalline substance, and an upper electrode 16 and a lower electrode 12 arranged with the PZT film interposed therebetween. The grain boundary of the crystalline constituting the PZT film is present almost perpendicular to the surface of the electrode. Further, the orientation of the crystalline constituting the PZT film is controlled to a desired range.

Abstract: Tone reproduction of an image is improved by the use of error diffusion or dithering in the mapping of input pixel values on an input values scale to printer pixel values on a printer values scale, where the input values scale and the printer values scale both have more than two levels, to generate an image where a spatial average of printer values approximates a spatial average of the corresponding input values, as measured on the printer values scale. To improve the tone reproduction of reduced-resolution images, the printer pixel values are grouped into multi-pixel cells, printer pixel values within each cell are mapped to a font index value, and a font cell corresponding to the index level is printed at the location of the cell. The font set is chosen such that differences in total deposited ink between consecutive font cells is minimized.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller having chamfered ends and formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller. The side surfaces of the developing roller have a surface roughness of 0.5 .mu.m or smaller in Rmax.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to facilitate setting plain paper in a printer which can print on plain paper and a label paper. To achieve the above object, a printer according to the present invention is constituted as follows: A printer capable of printing a recording medium including a base sheet and at least one label sheet detachably adhered thereon comprising: a print head and platen opposing to each other for printing the recording medium; a first printer housing for housing the platen; a second printer housing movably connected to the first housing for housing the print head; an ejection port, defined at the border of the first and second printer housings, from which the recording medium is ejected after printed by the print head and platen; and a separator for curving the base sheet ejected from the ejection port to separate the leading edge of the label sheet from the base sheet.

Abstract: An optical modulator device, a display unit and an electronic apparatus, each capable of presenting a high-contrast and bright image. An optical modulator device 101 includes a substrate and, on the substrate, an optical modulator structure in which a piezoelectric thin film layer 13 having piezoelectric property is interposed between thin film electrode layers 12, 14 having electrically conductive property with at least one of the thin film electrode layers 12, 14 having light reflective property, wherein the optical modulator structure is driven on a mirror element by mirror element basis, with one mirror element 15 being handled as a unit working independently to modulate a light ray.

Abstract: A polarizing illumination device and a projection display device using the polarizing illumination device improve light utilization efficiency. Polarizing conversion elements are placed so that one of polarizing separation films of a first polarizing conversion element and one of polarizing separation films of a second polarizing conversion element are close to each other and so that effective incident areas and ineffective incident areas are alternately arranged in the x direction. The width WP in the x direction of the effective incident areas and the ineffective incident areas is set to be larger than half of the width WL in the x direction of small lenses in a second lens array. The optical axes of each of small lenses are offset from the lens centers thereof so that partial beams emerging from the small lenses in a first lens array optimally enter the effective incident areas where the partial beams should enter.

Abstract: An ink jet print head operates so as to prevent the undesired production of an ink droplet that otherwise would result from a vibration of one piezoelectric vibrator propagating to an adjacent piezoelectric vibrator to which a drive signal is not presently applied. In particular, a first signal expands a pressure producing chamber, a second signal keeps the chamber expanded, and a third signal is contracts the chamber and jets the an ink droplet. A duration Pwh of the second signal is 0.7.times.Ta(n+1/2).ltoreq.Pwh.ltoreq.1.3.times.Ta(n+1/2) when the Helmholtz resonance frequency ranges from 70 to 100 kHz, and is 0.8.times.Ta(n+1/2).ltoreq.Pwh.ltoreq.1.2.times.Ta(n+1/2) when the Helmholtz resonance frequency is 100 kHz or more. An ink droplet is jetted out by applying the third signal and thereby contracting the pressure producing chamber during the aforementioned time periods.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solar-battery-mounted display structure which comprises a solar battery (16) having a light-receiving surface (16a) disposed in a displaying portion, a light-transmissive plate (17) disposed on the front side of the light-receiving surface and having a predetermined light-transmittance, and an coating layer (20) formed on the back surface of the light-transmissive plate such that the solar battery can securely generate at least a predetermined amount of electric power. Since an coating layer is formed on the back surface of the light-transmissive plate, no coating layer is necessary on the light-receiving surface of the solar battery. Due to this, consideration of suitability of such a coating layer to the light-receiving surface is not required, and discarding or exchange of the solar battery due to defects in such a coating layer is not required.

Abstract: A common mode logic (CML) circuit having an improved bias circuit and an active MOS load operating exclusively in the triode region to provide improved performance characteristics including a high speed of operation. The bias circuit of the CML circuit comprises a pair of MOS transistors, one of which has an aspect ratio (W.sub.P /L.sub.P) and the other of which has an aspect ratio (W.sub.P /L.sub.P)/n, wherein 1<n<4. This configuration causes a third MOS transistor in the bias circuit to operate exclusively in the triode region. The CML circuit also includes a logic portion, which may be a logic gate or flip-flop, having a plurality of pairs of input MOS transistors for receiving differential input signals. In accordance with the invention, the logic portion has load MOS transistors which operate exclusively in the triode region.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved tape printing device for printing a desirable series of characters in a preferable balance on a tape through a simple operation. The tape printing device of the invention is used for printing text data in a plurality of lines along a width of the tape and in a plurality of paragraphs along a predetermined length of the tape.

Abstract: Disclosed is a printer comprising a paper guide surface (11D) defining a printing region. A print head (8) is disposed opposite to the paper guide surface (11D) with a gap in between and adapted to move in parallel to the paper guide surface (11D) along the printing region (11) and beyond the printing region (11) into a retracted position (11C). A paper guide guides recording paper (5) to the printing region (11) and exposing it to the print head (8) in the printing region. The paper guide includes a guide plate (31) movable between a first position in which it is disposed opposite to the paper guide surface (11D) so as to guide recording paper (5) past the printing region (11), and a second position in which it is retracted from the printing region. A first pair of rollers is switchable between a closed state engaging each other for transporting the recording paper (5) to the printing region (11), and an open state separated from each other.

Abstract: A high-performance, superscalar-based computer system with out-of-order instruction execution for enhanced resource utilization and performance throughput. The computer system fetches a plurality of fixed length instructions with a specified, sequential program order (in-order). The computer system includes an instruction execution unit including a register file, a plurality of functional units, and an instruction control unit for examining the instructions and scheduling the instructions for out-of-order execution by the functional units. The register file includes a set of temporary data registers that are utilized by the instruction execution control unit to receive data results generated by the functional units. The data results of each executed instruction are stored in the temporary data registers until all prior instructions have been executed, thereby retiring the executed instructions in-order.

Abstract: The present invention appropriately determines the on/off state of dots having different hues in a printer using at least two inks of different hues, thereby enhancing the quality of printing. The system of the present invention applies the systematic dither method to determine whether or not dots are to be formed by ink of a predetermined hue, for example, magenta. In the case of formation of dots by magenta ink, the system drives a piezoelectric element PE disposed on a head corresponding to the magenta ink to form magenta dots and calculates a resulting value MRST. In the case of non-formation of dots by the magenta ink, on the other hand, the resulting value MRST is set equal to zero. The system then applies the technique of error diffusion to determine whether or not dots are to be formed by cyan ink, based on the tone data of the cyan ink.

Abstract: A character string including one or more full-width characters and one or more half-width numerical characters is input and printed on a tape. The half-width characters are input by a symbol entering mode and have widths which are one-half the widths of ordinary characters. Two half-width numeric characters to be printed consecutively are developed in a font development area corresponding to that required for one full-width character so that the two half-width numeric characters can be handled as a single character.

Abstract: All light polarized in random directions is converted into s-polarized light and emitted by a polarizing conversion element 140. Linearly polarized light to be modulated is made incident on three liquid crystal light valves 250, 252, and 254, and p-polarized green light and s-polarized red and blue light are made incident on a cross-dichroic prism 260. Accordingly, for example, .lambda./2 phase plates 310 and 312 are respectively located in the optical paths before the first and third liquid crystal light valves 250 and 254. The .lambda./2 phase plates may be placed at various positions in the optical paths between dichroic mirrors 210 and 212 and the cross-dichroic prism 260.

Abstract: A tag monitoring system for assigning tags to instructions. A source supplies instructions to be executed by a functional unit. A register file stores information required for the execution of each instruction. A queue having a plurality of slots containing tags which are used for tagging the instructions. The tags are arranged in the queue in an order specified by the program order of their corresponding instructions. A control unit monitors the completion of executed instructions and advances the tags in the queue upon completion of an executed instruction. The register file stores an instruction's information at a location in the register file defined by the tag assigned to that instruction. The register file also contains a plurality of read address enable ports and corresponding read output ports. Each of the slots from the queue is coupled to a corresponding one of the read address enable ports. Thus, the information for each instruction can be read out of the register file in program order.

Abstract: A peeling device according to one aspect of the invention peels off part of a peel-off paper from a peel-off paper-backed adhesive tape which is a laminate of a substrate tape having a surface coated with an adhesive and a peel-off paper affixed to the substrate tape via the adhesive. A rotational member is rotated by a driving force transmitted from a drive source. On an end face of the rotational member there are arranged a peeling projection rotated to be brought into contact with a substrate tape-side surface of an end of the peel-off paper-backed adhesive tape to carry out a bending releasing action on said end portion of the adhesive tape. The adhesive tape is guided toward the peeling projection when it is inserted and part of the end portion other than a free end brought to the peeling projection is held.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a flat display device and the driving method thereof having a plurality of display picture elements which are defined by liquid crystal cell portions formed between the scanning and the signal electrodes arranged in the form of a matrix wherein at least scanning electrodes of said scanning and signal electrodes are driven from both terminals of the electrodes by individual driving circuits. A circuit is also included that creates a short circuit across the electrode thus protecting the flat display panel from degradation due to excessive current flowing across the panel before the voltage waveform is stabilized.

Abstract: A color display device particularly adapted for use in flat panel applications provides a bright picture with high saturation and excellent color reproduction. The color display device includes a light shutter mechanism which controls the amount of light passing therethrough. Color filters of different colors are disposed adjacent to the light shutter mechanism and include a plurality of color elements. Each color filter has a peak at the transmittance spectrum thereof. A light source illuminates the light shutter mechanism with the light source having peaks in a luminance spectrum adjusted to correspond to the peaks of the transmittance spectrum of each color filter.