Abstract: A battery capable of extended operation at high temperature includes a cell of laminated construction utilizing a solid oxidant cathode, an electrolyte element, a catalyst and a gas impermeable separator sheet providing an anode for the cell, with each element in electrical connection with the next. The solid oxidant is a mixture including powdered manganese dioxide, carbon and caustic material, the electrolyte element is a mixture including powdered magnesium oxide, and a binder, pressed into a solid pellet and soaked with caustic material. The cell further has a porous carbon paper substrate in electrical contact with the gas impermeable separator sheet and the catalyst is platinum dispersed on and adhered to the substrate. A source of hydrogen gas is provided, and when the battery is exposed to the hydrogen gas, a voltage is generated.

Abstract: A fuel cell for generating electricity by using an ion exchange membrane as electrolyte. Such fuel cells are generally arranged as a stack. Each fuel cell has a fuel electrode to which gaseous hydrogen is fed, an oxygen electrode to which oxygen is fed, an ion exchange membrane sandwiched therebetween, a fuel distribution member for supplying fuel to the fuel electrode, and an oxygen distribution member for supplying oxygen to the oxygen electrode. These fuel cells are characterized by a liquid-permeable electricity-conductive member in the form of a layer for storage and transport of water produced in the fuel cell. The fluid-permeable member is separated from the electrodes and the fuel cell is contained between outer impermeable sheets.The fuel cell assembly is part of a system that also removes heat from the assembly during its operation.