Abstract: The voltage across the spark gap is increased or amplified to ignite the gap when required, thus enabling ignition of the spark gap when required. The incremental voltage to obtain gap ignition is additive to any voltage already across the gap, and is additive irrespective of polarity. That is, if a possible overvoltage pulse arrives, the main gap has an increased positive voltage. If a negative overvoltage pulse arrives, the main gap has an increased negative voltage applied.