Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, manufacturing straight or inclined toothed machine elements, especially spur gears, by cold working, which comprises holding under axial prestress a single gear-workpiece blank during a rolling or generating operation between two press punches at such a pressure that under the action of the rolling operation pressure stresses prevail between the press punches and the workpiece, these pressure stresses corresponding at least to the elastic limit of the workpiece material. Further, due to the simultaneous action of the prestressing force and the rolling operation there is formed at least at one of both end surfaces of the workpiece an end surface which is dispositioned exactly perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece.