Abstract: An electrochemical detection system which specifically detects selected nucleic acid segments is described. The system utilizes biological probes such as nucleic acid or peptide nucleic acid probes which are complementary to and specifically hybridize with selected nucleic acid segments in order to generate a measurable current when an amperometric potential is applied. The electrochemical signal can be quantified.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein are directed to devices configured to detect the level of a biomarker in a body fluid. In some examples, the device includes two or more electrodes for electrochemical detection of the biomarker in the body fluid. Methods of using the device are also disclosed.

Abstract: The health condition of a living organism is detected by electrochemically analyzing samples from selected areas of the body of said living organism for elevated free levels of nucleotide excision products resulting from DNA or RNA damage.

Abstract: The health condition of a living organism is detected by electrochemically analyzing samples from selected areas of the body of said living organism for elevated free levels of nucleotide excision products resulting from DNA or RNA damage.

Abstract: A hyphenated technique based on the combination of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), electrochemical (coulometric) oxidation (EC) and electrospray ionization (ESI)- or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)-mass spectrometry (MS), allows access of selected groups of low and medium polarity analytes to ESI- or APCI-mass spectrometry after HPLC by electrochemical treatment of the sample.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods that include a flow-cell that includes porous conductive material(s) that provides a working electrode(s), an inlet connected to the flow-cell to deliver a solution continuing an analyte(s), an outlet connected to the flow-cell to allow the solution to exit the flow-cell, a counter electrode positioned proximate to the outlet, and a voltage source(s) coupled to the working electrode(s) and the counter electrode. The methods can include delivering a solution containing an analyte(s) through an inlet to a flow-cell that includes porous conductive material(s) that provides a working electrode(s), connecting the flow-cell to an outlet for allowing the solution to exit the flow-cell, placing a counter-electrode proximate the outlet, and supplying a voltage from a voltage source(s) to the working electrode(s) and/or the counter-electrode.