Abstract: A method for producing oxygen by adsorbing a stream of atmospheric air, using four VPSA, one air compressor and two vacuum pumps, each adsorber undergoing a single pressure cycle including the following steps: a) producing a first stream of gas having an oxygen content T1 while loading the adsorber of the stream of atmospheric air upstream; b) producing a second stream of gas including an oxygen content T2<T1: c) producing a third stream of gas including an oxygen content T3<T2<T1 while simultaneously extracting a nitrogen-enriched residual stream; d) eluting the adsorber, from which the three streams of gas produced in steps a), b), and c) are taken with the second stream of gas produced in step b); e) repressurizing the adsorber consecutively with at least two streams, first and second repressurizing streams, with increasing oxygen content.

Abstract: An improved hydrogen generation system and method for using the same are provided. The system includes an HDS unit configured to remove sulfur, a first and second pre-reformers configured to pre-reform a process gas and fuel gas, respectively, a first and second heat exchangers configured to dry and heat the pre-reformed fuel gas, respectively, and a reformer configured to produce a syngas and flue gas. The method includes using a process stream selected from the group consisting of air, PSA off-gas, hydrocarbon gas, and combinations thereof to dry the fuel gas and using a process stream selected from the group consisting of the flue gas, the syngas, and combinations thereof to heat the dry fuel gas. The second pre-reformer is a low-pressure pre-reformer, so that the heat contents of the fuel gas is increased through converting heavy hydrocarbons in the fuel gas to CO and H2 by the second pre-reformer.

Abstract: A floating equipment, for injection of a gas into liquid effluents or waste water, and more particularly of a gas rich in oxygen into a basin from the surface, including the following elements: a driving device, intended to be disposed over the liquid, provided with a vertical output shaft (8), equipped at its end with a propeller (6) immersed in the liquid a pre-mixing device (5) comprising an injection device (7) positioned above or below a mobile aerator (9) with inclined blades, the propeller being situated at the end of the shaft, under the pre-mixing reactor.

Abstract: Si-containing film forming compositions comprising Si—C free and volatile silazane-containing precursors are disclosed. The compositions may be used to deposit high purity thin films. The Si—C free and volatile silazane-containing precursors have the formulae: [(SiR3)2NSiH2]m—NH2-m—C?N, with m=1 or 2;??(a) [(SiR3)2NSiH2]n—NL3-n,with n=2 or 3;??(b) (SiH3)2NSiH2—O—SiH2N(SiH3)2; and??(c) (SiR?3)2N—SiH2—N(SiR?3)2;??(d) with each R independently selected from H, a dialkylamino group, or an amidinate; each R? independently selected from H, a dialkylamino group, or an amidinate, with the provision that all R? are not H; and L is selected from H or a C1-C6 hydrocarbyl group.

Abstract: Techniques are described for monitoring the performance of advanced process control (APC) systems used to control complex industrial processes. By correlating an alarm status of the APC system with an alarm status associated with the service factor (or service factor thresholds), a plant operator can understand how well the APC system performs over time, as well as identify when operator intervention may be required (or alternatively, may be the source of poor plant performance). Accordingly, embodiments of the invention can significantly impact both the reliability and efficiency of complex industrial process, e.g., the production of industrial gases using air separation units (ASUs) and steam methane reformer (SMR) furnaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing carbon monoxide consisting, during an adsorption step, in using N adsorbers (4A, 4B), wherein N is equal to greater than two, each of which follows, at an offset; the same period T cycle during which adsorption and regeneration phases succeed each other, in exposing, at the beginning of the adsorption phase, each adsorber to an eluting phase during which only a part of a nominal flowrate of the mixture is transferred to the adsorber until said adsorber is substantially carbon monoxide saturated while at least the second adsorber is maintained in the adsorption phase and a purified gaseous mixture is partially liquefied for producing a liquefied gaseous mixture, in storing said mixture in a capacity (7) and in transferring the liquefied gaseous mixture from the capacity to at least one column (11) for the separation thereof into a carbon monoxide rich product and, during at least one part of the adsorber eluting phases, the liquid level in the container is decrea

Abstract: Mixed matrix composite (MMC) membranes with minimal macrovoids and defects are provided by the current invention. MMC Membranes are needed that have minimal macrovoids and defects, provide consistent and good selectivity and permeability performance, provide the mechanical strength required to withstand high membrane differential pressures, and exhibit sufficient flexibility and can easily be formed into desirable membrane forms. MMC Membranes made from a spinning dope that is stabilized with an electrostabilizing additive, particularly an acid additive, results in membranes, particularly hollow fiber membranes that have minimal macrovoids and defects. Thus, membranes of the current invention are particularly suitable for high trans-membrane pressure applications, particularly for separating oxygen/nitrogen, hydrogen/hydrocarbon, and carbon dioxide/hydrocarbon components of a stream.

Abstract: A process for the separation or concentration of olefinic hydrocarbons from mixtures of olefinic and paraffinic hydrocarbons uses a polyimide membrane, The process is well suited to separating propylene from propylene/propane mixtures. The novel method the membrane exhibits good resistance to plasticization by hydrocarbon components in the gas mixture under practical industrial process conditions.

Abstract: A system and a process for recovering high concentrations of methane from crude natural gas and solid waste landfill exhaust gas uses a sequential combination of a pressure swing adsorber unit operation to remove volatile organic compounds from the crude feed gas mixture followed by a membrane separation unit operation. The membrane separation uses a membrane which is selectively gas permeable to reject transmission of methane and thus to produce a permeate depleted in methane relative to the feed mixture. The permeate is also free of volatile organic compounds and is recycled to the pressure swing adsorber unit operation to regenerate saturated adsorbers.

Abstract: Methanol is catalytically cracked (at 4) then the essential portion of the components other than CO is removed by washing with water (at 5), selective adsorption (at 7) and permeation (at 8). The process and apparatus has application to the production of moderate quantity of carbon monoxide.