Abstract: Substantially colorless, liquid compositions are described which are constituted by a phenolic antioxidant, or mixture of phenolic antioxidants, and at least one phosphine, the compositions being highly resistant to coloration phenomena.These compositions are effective stabilizers for organic polymers and, when incorporated in the said polymers, have a stabilizing power which is greater than that shown by the phenolic antioxidant or mixture of phenolic antioxidants alone.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a catalyst which is highly active in the polymerization of gaseous ethylene is described the process comprising the steps of spray drying an ethanolic solution of MgCl.sub.2 to obtain MgCl.sub.2 particles of from 3 to 100 microns in size and with a residual alcoholic OH-groups content of from 1.5% to 20% by wt., the MgCl.sub.2 in said particles having an X-ray spectrum with a maximum peak at 10.8 angstrom, reacting said particles with a titanium halide in liquid or vapor phase and mixing the obtained reaction product with an alkylaluminium or an alkylaluminium halide in such amount to obtain an atomic ratio Al:Ti of from 100:1 to 5,000:1.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of catalysts based on molybdenum and iron oxides which comprises their controlled precipitation in an aqueous medium from sodium molybdate and a soluble ferric salt, the separation and the washing of the precipitate until its sodium content is reduced to less than 150 ppm. According to one embodiment, the sodium molybdate used as the reagent results from the action of aqueous sodium hydroxide on the spent catalyst.

Abstract: Recovery of molybdenum from a solid mixture, such as an exhausted catalyst, containing molybdenum in the oxide form or in the form of molybdic ions and other metallic compounds.The mixture is contacted with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to solubilize molybdenum in the form of an alkali metal molybdate, and after filtration the aqueous solution of alkali metal molybdate thus obtained is contacted with a strong cationic exchange resin to convert said molybdate into molybdic acid.

Abstract: The catalyst comprises one or more molybdates of trivalent metals chosen from Fe, Al, Ce and Cr and/or molybdates of bivalent metals chosen from alpha manganese molybdate, beta cobalt molybdate, beta nickel molybdate and the molybdates of Zn, Mg and Ca, and one or more promoter elements chosen from Se, Te, As, Sb, V, Nb, Sn, Pb and Tl homogeneously distributed within the crystalline structure of said molybdates with distortion thereof without creating new crystalline phases.

Abstract: An oxychlorination catalyst precursor is described which is constituted by porous microspheroidal alumina particles impregnated with 3 to 7% by weight of cupric chloride (expressed in terms of the copper metal) and containing from 0.5 to 2% by weight of water, in which the copper is uniformly distributed over the entire surface area of the particles with a degree of non-uniformity not greater than .+-.7%.A process for the preparation of such a catalyst precursor is also described.The precursor is activated to give a catalyst which is readily fluidizable and which enables the oxychlorination of ethylene to dichloroethane to be carried out with high activity and selectivity values.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dicumyl peroxide by reaction of dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide (cumene hydroperoxide) with methyl cumyl ether is described. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalytic quantity of Lewis or Bronsted acids, the methanol which forms as a by-product being removed as the reaction proceeds. Furthermore, the reaction is carried out in a reaction medium consisting of the methyl cumyl ether itself, which is employed in quantities greater than the stoichiometric quantity required for the reaction with the cumene hydroperoxide.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dicumyl peroxide by reaction of dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide (cumene hydroperoxide) with dimethyl phenyl carbinol in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a phosphorous halide or oxyhalide is described. This catalyst gives good yields of the useful reaction product and a high selectivity.

Abstract: Ziegler catalytic system formed of an organometallic compound of a metal of Group I, II or III of the Periodic System in combination with a transition metal compound supported on a carrier.The carrier is prepared by reacting magnesium chloride with an aliphatic alcohol and a fluorine-containing compound at 100.degree.-200.degree. C. to obtain an active complex comprising 2-15 wt. % of fluorine and 0.4-11 wt. % of alcoholic hydroxyl groups.The catalytic system may be used for the polymerization of alpha-olefins.

Abstract: Production of cumene by alkylation of benzene with propylene on a solid phosphoric acid catalyst, using in a first step a plurality of catalyst beds in series and in a second step a single catalyst bed, using an overall benzene/propylene molar ratio of at least 5:1, continuously delivering the benzene to the first bed, continuously delivering a series of streams of liquid propylene respectively to the first bed and, in the form of a cold stream, between each pair of contiguous beds, and carrying out a partial recycle of reaction products of the second step as a cold stream between the first and the second step, and using a benzene/propylene molar ratio higher than 13:1 at the inlet of each bed of the first step, and higher than 25:1 at the inlet of the bed of the second step.

Abstract: Production of cumene by alkylation of benzene with propylene on a solid phosphoric acid catalyst, using a first step with a plurality of catalyst beds in series and a second step with a single catalyst bed, using an overall benzene/propylene molar ratio of at least 6:1, continuously delivering the benzene to the first bed, continuously delivering a series of streams of liquid propylene respectively to the first bed and, in the form of a cold stream, between each pair of contiguous beds, and using a benzene/propylene molar ratio higher than 16:1 at the inlet of each bed of the first step, and higher than 25:1 at the inlet of the bed of the second step.

Abstract: Phenol pitch obtained as a bottoms fraction in the distillation of phenol deriving from the acid hydrolysis of cumene hydroperoxide is treated to recover therefrom desired products consisting of phenol, alpha-methylstyrene, cumene and acetone, by introducing steam and the phenol pitch, into a reactor in a weight ratio of from 0.01:1 to 1:1, withdrawing from the top of said reactor a vapor phase comprising said desired products, withdrawing from the bottom of said reactor a liquid phase consisting essentially of compounds of higher boiling point than said desired products, and operating at a pressure of 4-12 Kg/cm.sup.2, at a temperature of 320.degree.-400.degree. C., as measured in the liquid phase, and with a residence time of 0.5-10 hours.

Abstract: A process for the homo- or co-polymerization of olefins by the low pressure method, using a catalyst comprising the combination of an organo-metallic compound of a metal of Group I, II or III of the Periodic Table of the Elements and a compound of a transition metal of Group IV, V or VI of said Periodic Table supported on a carrier. The carrier is a mixture of anhydrous MgCl.sub.2 with an alkoxy- or alkoxy-chloro-titanate in a MgCl.sub.2 /titanate molar ratio of from 0.01 to 1:1.

Abstract: Preparation of a catalyst based on molybdenum and iron oxides by precipitation from a soluble molybdenum compound and a soluble ferric salt, with separation of the precipitate from its mother waters and washing with deionized water.Molybdic ions are recovered from the mother waters and washing waters by contacting the latter with a salified anionic exchange resin, which is then contacted with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to yield an aqueous solution of alkali metal molybdate.The molybdenum thus recovered may be recycled to the precipitation step upon conversion of the molybdate into molybdic acid by treatment with a strong cationic exchange resin, and possible conversion of the acid into ammonium paramolybdate.

Abstract: Cumene is prepared by alkylation of benzene with propylene in the presence of a solid phosphoric acid catalyst in a continuous process by delivering liquid benzene and liquid propylene in a molar ratio lower than 6:1, to a liquid reaction medium consisting essentially of benzene and cumene and containing the catalyst, while maintaining the temperature and composition of said medium substantially uniform in each point, operating at 170.degree.-280.degree. C. and in the liquid phase, and with a contact time higher than about 0.4 hours, expressed as the ratio between volume of catalyst and hourly volume of reagents fed in.

Abstract: Ferrous sulphate heptahydrate obtained as a by-product of the production of titanium dioxide by the sulphate process is converted into a non-polluting, free-flowing particulate neutralization product by contacting said sulphate with calcium hydroxide as a neutralizing agent in a molar ratio between said neutralizing agent and said ferrous sulphate of at least 1:1, and reacting the resulting mixture under agitation at a temperature not exceeding 60.degree. C. and for a contact time not exceeding five minutes.

Abstract: Catalyst active in the oxidation of acrolein into acrylic acid, which comprises a silica or alumina support and from 15 to 80% by weight, with respect to the catalyst, of a catalytically active part having the following chemical compositionMo.sub.a V.sub.b W.sub.c Cu.sub.d X.sub.x O.sub.ywherein X is Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, Al or Sb and wherein for a=12, b ranges from 4 to 8, c ranges from 1 to 4, d ranges from 2 to 5, x ranges from 0 to 1 and y ranges from about 17 to about 72; said active part having an amorphous and bidimensional structure with an interplanar distance of 3.98 A and an IR spectrum with a broad band at 860 cm.sup.-1.

Abstract: Continuous process for the cultivation of yeast cells under aerobic conditions in an aqueous growth medium, to which an aqueous nutrient medium comprising a source of assimilable nitrogen and methanol of a source of assimilable carbon is continuously added. The yeast belongs to the species Candida boidinii and the nutrient medium comprises a primary source of assimilable nitrogen consisting of urea and a secondary source of assimilable nitrogen chosen from ammonia, ammonium hydroxide and ammonium salts, the ratio between nitrogen in the primary source and that in the secondary source being from 2:1 to 1:20.

Abstract: The commercial process of preparing citric acid by submerged fermentation of hydrolized carbohydrates under aerobic conditions with yeasts of the genus Candida, while maintaining the pH value at 5-7 by addition of calcium hydroxide, is improved by submitting the broth obtained from a first fermentation operation to a first centrifuging to separate calcium citrate and then to a second centrifuging to separate the yeast cells. The cells thus recovered are recycled for use in a further fermentation operation. The use of said recycle cells permits higher yields and outputs of citric acid to be obtained in the further fermentation operation.