Abstract: A scanning microscope includes: a photodetector that detects light from a sample; a sampling circuit that samples an output signal of the photodetector; and a processor. The processor performs an operation including at least integration on a plurality of items of sampling data sampled by the sampling circuit, determines whether a result of the operation is noise or a signal, and generates pixel data based on a result of the operation and a result of the determination.

Abstract: An image processing system includes a scanning unit, a pixelated photon detector (PPD), a memory in which a plurality of tables in which an intensity gradation value and an output gradation value are associated with each other are stored, and a processor. The processor generates first image data in which the intensity gradation value indicated by a light intensity signal output from the PPD is set as a pixel value of a constituent pixel based on the light intensity signal and a scanning position of the scanning unit, generates second image data in which the output gradation value is set as a pixel value of a constituent pixel by converting the first image data based on one table selected from the plurality of tables stored in the memory, and causes a display unit to display an image represented by the second image data.

Abstract: A processor of a three-dimensional data generation system is configured to determine whether two or more images include a graphics region in which graphics information is superimposed. The processor is configured to execute first processing when the two or more images do not include the graphics region. The first processing includes generation processing of generating the three-dimensional data by using the two or more images. The processor is configured to execute second processing when at least one image of the two or more images includes the graphics region. The second processing includes processing of preventing the graphics region in the at least one image from contributing to generation of the three-dimensional data.

Abstract: A microscope system includes: a microscope that forms an optical observation image; an image capturing device that captures the optical observation image and generates an observation image; a processor that generates a histogram plotting pixel values of every color component in the observation image, determines a black balance adjustment value based on the histogram plotting pixel values of every color component, and subtracts the black balance adjustment value from pixel values of every color component in each pixel of the observation image to generate an adjusted observation image; and an output device that outputs the adjusted observation image.

Abstract: A microscope system includes a microscope, a digital camera configured to image an object through the microscope, and a processor. The processor is configured to perform scene recognition based on an image of the object obtained by the digital camera, using a machine learning model that has learned a plurality of scenes, to perform scene determination based on a result of the scene recognition, to temporally stabilize a result of the scene determination, and to change settings of the digital camera based on the result of the scene determination.

Abstract: An image-processing method includes a measurement step, an index calculation step, a comparison step, and a selection step. A processor measures a distance at each of two or more points in one or more images of a subject in the measurement step. The processor calculates a first index or a second index on the basis of the distance in the index calculation step. The processor compares the first index or the second index with a threshold value in the comparison step. The processor selects at least one image included in the one or more images in the selection step when the first index is greater than the threshold value or the second index is less than the threshold value.

Abstract: An image display method includes a determination step, a generation step, and a display step. A processor refers to a reference model indicating a figure expanding two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally in a three-dimensional space including two or more points and determines whether or not a positional relationship between each of the two or more points and the reference model meets a condition that is set in advance in the determination step. The processor generates an image and differentiates a display state of a pixel corresponding to a first point from a display state of a pixel corresponding to a second point in the generation step. The first point meets the condition, and the second point does not meet the condition. The processor displays the image on a display in the display step.

Abstract: An information processing device includes: a processor including hardware, the processor being configured to cause a display to display a second image according to an input of an operation, the second image corresponding to a field of view corresponding to at least part of a first image contained in imaging data that is generated by capturing an observation subject, analyze change of the field of view over time to calculate an attention degree, and set a region of interest in the first image contained in the imaging data according to the attention degree.

Abstract: A control method for displaying inspection images causes a processor to display an image of a model of an inspection object including a plurality of inspection sites, in a first display region and display first inspection information relevant to at least one inspection site, in a second display region, where the at least one inspection site is selected from the plurality of inspection sites in the image of the model displayed in the first display region. The control method further causes the processor to display inspection information prior to the first inspection information, as second inspection information relevant to the model, in a third display region, concurrently with one or more of the first display region and the second display region.

Abstract: An observation apparatus includes a first intensity modulation section arranged on an optical path of illumination light with which an observation object is to be irradiated, the first intensity modulation section modulating an intensity distribution of the illumination light, and a second intensity modulation section arranged on an optical path of observation light from the observation object irradiated with the illumination light, the second intensity modulation section modulating an intensity distribution of the observation light.

Abstract: An observation apparatus includes a display apparatus that displays a display pattern, a display projection optical system that projects a light beam from the display apparatus and forms an image of the display pattern, a combining optical element that combines a light beam from a sample and the light beam from the display apparatus, and an eyepiece optical system through which an image of the sample and an image of the display pattern are simultaneously observable by an observer. A numerical aperture (NA) of the light beam from the display apparatus is smaller than a maximum value and larger than a minimum value of an NA of the light beam from the sample, at a position of an image on an optical path that is formed after the light beams from the sample and the display apparatus are combined by the combining optical element.

Abstract: A microscope apparatus includes an illumination optical system that illuminates a sample, an observation optical system that guides light from the sample, and an intensity modulator that is provided in a pupil of the observation optical system or a position optically conjugate with the pupil and reduces light incident on the intensity modulator. The light utilization rate distribution as an intensity transmittance distribution of the intensity modulator in the pupil or in an image of the pupil monotonously increases or monotonously decreases in a first direction. The light utilization rate distribution varies on both sides of a center of an optical axis.

Abstract: The light measurement device includes: a photodetector that detects pulsed signal light and outputs a detection signal including an exponential response; an A/D conversion circuit that converts the detection signal into a digital signal; and a processor that performs setting of a transformation matrix for inversely converting the digital signal, and inverse conversion of the digital signal by the set transformation matrix to calculate an estimated pulse of the signal light.

Abstract: A three-dimensional data generation method includes the following processing. A processor acquires two or more images of a component inside a turbine. The processor detects two or more correspondence regions that are the same regions in at least two images. The processor determines whether at least part of a region of each image is a change region or a non-change region. The processor generates three-dimensional data by using a correspondence region determined to be the change region without using a correspondence region determined to be the non-change region.

Abstract: A refractive index distribution generation device includes a processor and a memory. The processor performs a refractive index distribution generation process of generating a refractive index distribution corresponding to a processing-target image. The refractive index distribution generation process includes an input process of inputting, from the memory, the processing-target image, first refractive index information indicating a refractive index of a first structure, and second refractive index information indicating a refractive index of a second structure different from the first structure, and a setting process of setting respective refractive indexes that constitute a refractive index distribution.

Abstract: A method of adjusting an optical apparatus that acquires an image of a sample includes the steps of moving a focusing section included in the optical apparatus in a direction in which a contrast of a first image of the sample increases, and adjusting an aberration amount occurring in the optical apparatus in a direction in which a contrast of a second image of the sample increases.

Abstract: An observation system includes: an illumination device that illuminates an observation object with illumination light from a plurality of different directions; an imaging device that includes an objective that condenses light from the observation object and images the observation object with the light collected by the objective; and a control unit. The control unit calculates a focus position of the imaging device based on a plurality of image groups acquired by the imaging device at observation positions different from each other in an optical axis direction of the objective, each of the plurality of image groups including a plurality of images of the observation object illuminated from directions different from each other by the illumination device.

Abstract: A sample image generation device includes a memory and a processor. A first image is an image obtained by capturing an image of a sample. A predetermined direction in the first image is a direction in which a virtual observation optical system is present among optical axis directions of the virtual observation optical system. The processor acquires the first image from the memory, divides the first image into a plurality of areas, acquires a refractive index distribution of the sample from the memory, calculates a point spread function using the refractive index distribution, generates second images using the point spread function, combines the second images, and generates a third image corresponding to the first image. In the calculation process, the point spread function of a first area is calculated using the refractive index distribution of each area included in an area group. The first area is an area for which the point spread function is to be calculated.

Abstract: An observation apparatus includes a display apparatus that displays a display pattern, a display projection optical system that projects a light beam from the display apparatus, and forms an image of the display pattern, a combining optical element that combines a light beam from a sample and a light beam from the display apparatus, and an eyepiece optical system that enables an observer to simultaneously observe an image of the sample and an image of the display pattern, in which a numerical aperture (NA) of a light beam from the display apparatus is smaller than a maximum value of an NA of a light beam from the sample, and is larger than a minimum value of an NA of a light beam from the sample, at a position of an image on an optical path that is formed after light beams are combined by the combining optical element.

Abstract: An objective includes a positive first lens group, a negative second lens group, and a positive third lens group including two or more lens components, in which the first, second, and third lens groups are sequentially disposed from an object side. The first lens group includes a meniscus-shaped first lens having positive refractive power, in which the first lens has a concave surface facing an image side, and a meniscus-shaped second lens having positive refractive power, in which the second lens has a concave surface facing the image side. The second lens group includes two or more positive lenses and one or more negative lenses. The total number of lenses included in the second lens group is seven or more. The objective satisfies the following conditional expressions. 1.6 ? fL / TTL ? 5 ( 1 ) 2 ? ER ? 1 ? F / ER ? 2 ? F ( 2 ) 1.