Abstract: A process for upgrading petroleum feedstocks boiling in the distillate plus range, which feedstocks, when cracked, result in unexpected high yields of olefins. The feedstock is hydroprocessed in at least one reaction zone countercurrent to the flow of a hydrogen-containing treat gas. The hydroprocessed feedstock is then subjected to thermal cracking in a steam cracker or to catalytic cracking in a fluid catalytic cracking process. The resulting product slate will contain an increase in olefins compared with the same feedstock, but processed in by a conventional co-current hydroprocessing process.

Abstract: A dendrimer-based cold flow additive material.

Abstract: Additive compositions comprising an ethylene/vinyl acetate or propionate/vinyl branched carboxylate terpolymer and an ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the separation and removal of hydrogen, alone or together with carbon monoxide, from a mixture of these gases with olefinic hydrocarbons by contacting the mixture with oxygen over a catalyst at conditions sufficient to oxidize the hydrogen to form water while suppressing reaction of the reactive, unsaturated hydrocarbons. The catalyst contains at least one metal or metal oxide from Groups Ib, IIb, IIIa, IVa and Va of the Periodic Table, and the temperature of the reaction may range from about 40.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. and a pressure of about 14.7 psig to 1,000 psig, and the flow rate of the entering feed ranges from about 1 GHSV to about 50,000 GHSV. The process can be conducted using one, two or three reaction zones.

Abstract: Vulcanized rubber parts suitable to dampen vibrations generated by mechanical devices are disclosed. The parts are based on a cured composition comprising one or a mixture of a diolefin polymers, e.g., natural rubber, a halogenated copolymer of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isomonoolefin, e.g., isobutylene, and a para-alkylstyrene, filler and a curing system. The vulcanized parts exhibit improved aging and high temperature resistance and reduced deterioration of dynamic properties after long term exposure to high temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a one-step method for catalytically reforming methanol with water to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide using catalysts which do not contain copper oxide and/or chromium oxide, which produce only negligible amounts of carbon monoxide, and which are not rapidly deactivated.

Abstract: A catalyst which exhibits superior control of product particle size in the insertion polymerization of alpha-olefins is described as transition metal compounds which associate with non-coordinating alumoxane anions which are dispersed throughout the interior of a silica support in the form of particles which are less than or equal to about 50 .ANG. (5 nanometers) in diameter. This catalyst is capable of gas phase (e.g. heterogeneous) polymerization of propylene into product granules with a high degree of control over granule particle size distribution and bulk density.

Abstract: A supported Lewis acid catalyst, which comprises an inorganic oxide substrate having immobilized thereon at least one Lewis acid and a modifying agent containing at least one functional moiety capable of reacting with surface hydroxyl groups originally present on said substrate and which is effective as a catalyst for hydrocarbon conversion reactions including cationic polymerization, alkylation, isomerization and cracking reactions is disclosed.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition which exhibits improved fuel economy and fuel economy retention which contains the combination of (a) a dithiocarbamate of the formula R.sub.1 (R.sub.2)N--C(:S)--S--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --S--(:S)C--N(R.sub.2)R.sub.1 where n is 1-4 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl and (b) an oil soluble trinuclear friction modifying molybdenum compound, the two components functioning to provide an improvement in the friction reducing properties of the composition.

Abstract: A low-sediment, low-tar, chlorine-free thermal process for preparing oil-soluble polyalkenyl derivatives of monounsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 monocarboxylic acid producing compounds and monounsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid producing compounds is disclosed. The process involves reacting the mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing compound with a polyalkene at high temperature and under high inert gas partial pressure in the presence of a sediment-inhibiting amount of hydrocarbyl substituted sulfonic acid. The polyalkenyl derivatives are useful per se as additives in lubricating oils, functional fluids, and fuels and are also useful as intermediates in the preparation of other products (e.g., succinimides) useful as additives in lubricating oils, functional fluids, and fuels.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved polypropylene nonwoven fabrics. The fabrics are made from isotactic polypropylene which has been produced with a catalyst systems comprising at least two metallocenes. These nonwoven fabrics, particularly when prepared using a spunbonding process, exhibit significantly improved strength without significant sacrifice of other favorable properties.

Abstract: A two-cycle oil is disclosed comprising a high and low molecular weight polybutene polymer, solvent and mineral oil which has suitable viscosity and exhibits improved smoke performance in the JASO test.

Abstract: Sulfur-containing boroester compounds useful as antiwear additives for oleaginous compositions including alicyclic borate thioesters having the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl radical having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from --(OR.sub.4).sub.n SR.sub.1 and --(OR.sub.4).sub.n SR.sub.1 OH; R.sub.4 is a hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; n is an integer of from 1 to 4; and l and m are independently 0, 1 or 2; thioalkyl-substituted cyclic meta borate esters having the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein n, R.sub.1 and R.sub.4 are defined as in formula (I); and mixtures of the alicyclic compounds of formula (I) and the cyclic compounds of formula (II).

Abstract: Magnesium low base number (LBN) sulphonates derived from high molecular weight sulphonic acids have low viscosity and are chloride free. The magnesium low base number sulphonates are not skin sensitisers. In their preparation neutralization of high molecular weight sulphonic acids or partially neutralized soaps of high molecular weight sulphonic acids is completed by the use of a high base number sulphonate in conjunction with a carboxylic acid. The process does not require the use of chloride containing promoters and produces low chloride products.

Abstract: Fuel oil compositions containing specific mixtures of esters of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids show improved lubricity properties.

Abstract: A process for the distillation of the glycidyl ester reaction product of a straight or branched chain saturated monocarboxylic acid or salt thereof and an halo-substituted monoepoxidc is disclosed, wherein the reaction product is subjected to conditions of temperature and vacuum in a thin film, short pass distillation apparatus such as a wiped film evaporator. The product distillate has significantly reduced color than the reaction product prior to distillation, and has improved heat and color stability.

Abstract: A polymer having a terminal hydroxyl, aldehyde or alkylamino substituent which may be used directly or in a derivative form as a dispersant for both fuel and lubricating oil compositions, wherein the polymer has a M.sub.n of about 300 to 10,000, and is derived from a polyolefin which is derived from a polyene (diene, e.g.), monomer of the formula H.sub.2 C.dbd.CHR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 is hydrogen or a straight or branched chain alkyl radical. Preferably, the polyolefin has at least about 30% terminal vinylidene unsaturation. Particularly desirable amine derivatives can be formed by either a single step aminomethylation process or a two step hydroformylation and reductive amination process.

Abstract: Synthetic biodegradable lubricants and functional fluids containing 45-94 wt. % of an ester of a C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 acid as the base oil, 5-18% of a polyol ester of a C.sub.12 -C.sub.28 acid as a lubricity additive, and 1-35 wt. % of an additive package for lubricants and functional fluids.

Abstract: A solid state insoluble salt catalyst system for the carbocationic polymerization of olefin monomer in the presence of a polar or non-polar reaction medium, which comprises (a) solid state catalyst component comprising at least one salt of a strong acid and a carbocationically active transition metal selected from Groups III A, IV A, V A and VI A of the Periodic Table of Elements, wherein said salt is insoluble in the reaction medium; and (b) cocatalyst component effective for promoting the carbocationic polymerization.

Abstract: In the process of hydrogenating a crude aldehyde product formed from the oxo process into a crude alcohol product, which process includes: feeding the crude aldehyde product into a first reactor which contains a hydrogenation catalyst, thereby forming a first hydrogenated product; feeding the first hydrogenated product from the first reactor through at least one intermediate reactor, each intermediate reactor being connected in series and containing a hydrogenation catalyst, thereby forming at least one intermediate hydrogenated product; and feeding the intermediate hydrogenated product from a last intermediate reactor to a final reactor which contains a hydrogenation catalyst, thereby forming the crude alcohol product; the improvement including a step wherein: at least a portion of the first hydrogenated product is recycled to the first hydrogenation reactor; or at least a portion of the intermediate hydrogenated product is recycled to the first hydrogenation reactor or an intermediate reactor upstream of th