Abstract: Compositions comprising one or more amphiphilic compounds formed from vinylidene olefins may comprise: a reaction product of one or more vinylidene olefins, in which the reaction product comprises a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion comprising a polar head group bonded to the hydrophobic portion. The one or more vinylidene olefins each comprise a vinylidene group that undergoes a reaction to become saturated and to produce at least part of the hydrophobic portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides polyolefin compositions and films and method for producing such films. The polyolefin composition contains about 40 wt % to about 95 wt % of a BOCD polyethylene and about 10 wt % to about 60 wt % of a polypropylene, by weight of the polyolefin composition. The polyolefin composition has a 1% secant flexural modulus MD of greater than 250 MPa and a 1% secant flexural modulus TD of greater than 300 MPa, as determined for a layer of the polyolefin composition having a thickness of about 50 ?m and a Dart Impact (Method A) of greater than 15 g/?m and an Elmendorf tear MD of greater than 7 g/?m, as determined for a film containing the polyolefin composition and having a thickness of about 90 ?m.

Abstract: Controlling the shutdown of a polyethylene reactor system that includes a secondary compressor, a reactor, a high pressure let down valve (HPLDV), a high-pressure separator, and a high-pressure recycle gas system is provided. After a partial or complete shutdown of secondary compressor, HPLDV opens to a pre-set open position until the reactor pressure reduces to either a pre-set reduced pressure limit or a until the slope of the reactor gas density to reactor pressure exceeds 0.15. The HPLDV controls the pressure to a pressure set point.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for integration of a reactor for polyolefin pyrolysis with the effluent processing train for a steam cracker. The polyolefins can correspond to, for example, polyolefins in plastic waste. Integrating a process for polyolefin pyrolysis with a steam cracker processing train can allow a mixture of polymers to be converted to monomer units while reducing or minimizing costs and/or equipment footprint. This can allow for direct conversion of polyolefins to the light olefin monomers in high yield while significantly lowering capital and energy usage due to integration with a steam cracking process train. The integration can be enabled in part by selecting feeds with appropriate mixtures of various polymer types and/or by limiting the volume of the plastic waste pyrolysis product relative to the volume from the steam cracker(s) in the steam cracking process train.

Abstract: Vinylidene olefins may undergo hydroformylation in the presence of an unmodified cobalt catalyst to form compositions comprising a mixture of alcohol molecules having a specified amount of branching. In particular, the compositions may feature a mixture comprising reduced hydroformylated reaction products of a vinylidene olefin comprising alcohol molecules represented by at least one of Structures 3-5. The mixture has an average of about 1.2 to about 2.1 branches per alcohol molecule. Ra and Rb may be the same or different and comprise a branched or unbranched alkyl group having about 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, excluding branches. Variable m is an integer ranging from 0 to a number of carbon atoms in Rb. Rb is a branched or unbranched alkyl group having m+1 carbon atoms less than Rb.

Abstract: Processes for upgrading a hydrocarbon. The process can include introducing, contacting, and halting introduction of a hydrocarbon-containing feed into a reaction zone. The feed can be contacted with a catalyst within the reaction zone to effect dehydrogenation, dehydroaromatization, and/or dehydrocyclization of the feed to produce a coked catalyst and an effluent. The process can include introducing, contacting, and halting introduction of an oxidant into the reaction zone. The oxidant can be contacted with the coked catalyst to effect combustion of the coke to produce a regenerated catalyst. The process can include introducing, contacting, and halting introduction of a reducing gas into the reaction zone. The reduction gas can be contacted with the regenerated catalyst to produce a regenerated and reduced catalyst. The process can include introducing and contacting an additional quantity of the feed with the regenerated and reduced catalyst to produce a re-coked catalyst and additional first effluent.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method for producing a polyolefin is provided. The method includes: contacting a first composition and a second composition in a line to form a third composition, wherein: the first composition comprises a contact product of a first catalyst, a second catalyst, a support, and a diluent, wherein the mol ratio of second catalyst to first catalyst is from 60:40 to 40:60, the second composition comprises a contact product of the second catalyst and a second diluent; introducing the third composition from the line into a gas-phase fluidized bed reactor; exposing the third composition to polymerization conditions; and obtaining a polyolefin.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides oriented multilayer films including a first layer, a second layer disposed on the first layer and a third layer disposed on the second layer, where the first layer and the third layer include a polyethylene independently selected from (i) a polyethylene having a density of about 0.94 g/cc or greater; (ii) a polyethylene copolymer including ethylene and a C4-C12 alpha-olefin and having a density 7 from about 0.927 g/cc to about 0.95 g/cc; or (iii) a mixture thereof, and at least one of the first layer or the third layer includes the polyethylene copolymer, the second layer includes a polyethylene composition having a density of about 0.91 g/cc or greater and the oriented multilayer film has a haze of about 10% or less and a 1% secant modulus in the direction of stretching of about 500 MPa or greater.

Abstract: Furnace systems and methods for steam cracking hydrocarbons to produce ethylene and other light olefins are provided herein. A furnace system for cracking hydrocarbons includes a radiant firebox containing a plurality of burners and an injection nozzle, a primary transfer line exchanger fluidly coupled to and downstream of the radiant firebox, and a flow restrictor fluidly coupled to and downstream of the primary transfer line exchanger. The furnace system also includes a decoke vessel containing an effluent inlet, a fluid outlet, and a coke outlet, where the effluent inlet is fluidly coupled to and downstream of the flow restrictor and the fluid outlet is fluidly coupled to and upstream of the injection nozzle of the radiant firebox, and a coke collection bin is coupled to the coke outlet of the decoke vessel.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for performing ethane steam cracking at elevated coil inlet pressures and/or elevated coil outlet pressures in small diameter furnace coils. Instead of performing steam cracking of ethane at a coil outlet pressure of ˜22 psig or less (˜150 kPa-g or less), the steam cracking of ethane can be performed in small diameter furnace coils at a coil outlet pressure of 30 psig to 75 psig (˜200 kPa-g to ˜520 kPa-g), or 40 psig to 75 psig (˜270 kPa-g to ˜520 kPa-g). In order to achieve such higher coil outlet pressures, a correspondingly higher coil inlet pressure can also be used, such as a pressure of 45 psig (˜310 kPa-g) or more, or 50 psig (˜340 kPa-g) or more.

Abstract: Provided herein are polymer compositions comprising a polymer and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based polymer processing aid (PPA). The polyethylene glycol can have molecular weight less than 40,000 g/mol. The polymer can be a C2-C6 olefin homopolymer or a copolymer of two or more C2-C20 ?-olefins, and the polymer composition can take the form of polymer pellets; a polymer melt; reactor-grade polymer granules and/or polymer slurries; or other form of polymer composition containing the PPA and optionally one or more other additives. The polymer composition is preferably free or substantially free of fluorine, including fluoropolymer-based PPAs.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for improving metal dusting corrosion, abrasion resistance and/or erosion resistance for various materials, preferably for applications relating to high-temperature reactors, including dense fluidized bed reactor components. In particular, cermets comprising (a) at least one ceramic phase selected from the group consisting of metal carbides, metal nitrides, metal borides, metal oxides, metal carbonitrides, and mixtures of thereof and (b) at least one metal alloy binder phase are provided. Ceramic phase materials include chromium carbide (Cr23C6). Metal alloy binder phase materials include ?-NiAl intermetallic alloys and Ni3Sn2 intermetallic alloys, as well as alloys that contain ?-Cr and/or ??-Ni3Al hard phases. Preferably, bimetallic materials are provided when the cermet compositions are applied using a laser, e.g.

Abstract: Methods for forming polyolefin films using a model including a multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS)-derived algorithm are provided. Related computing devices are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for converting an alkyne to an olefin comprising feeding a molecular-oxygen-containing gas stream into a converting zone of an alkyne converter along with an alkyn-containing feed mixture comprising hydrocarbons and molecular hydrogen to contact the converting catalyst. The converting catalyst can be regenerated online as a result.

Abstract: Reactor components formed using an erosion resistant alloy having desirable high temperature mechanical strength are provided. The erosion resistant components can include, but are not limited to, tubes, reactors walls, fittings, and/or other components having surfaces that can be exposed to a high temperature reaction environment in the presence of hydrocarbons and/or that can provide pressure containment functionality in processes for upgrading hydrocarbons in a high temperature reaction environment. The erosion resistant alloy used for forming the erosion resistant component can include 42.0 to 46.0 wt. % nickel; 32.1 to 35.2 wt. % chromium; 0.5 to 2.9 wt. % carbon; 0 to 2.0 wt. % titanium; 0 to 4.0 wt. % tungsten, and iron, with at least one of titanium and tungsten is present in an amount of 1.0 wt. % or more. The iron can correspond to the balance of the composition.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing polyethylene is disclosed. The process comprises contacting ethylene and at least one comonomer with a catalyst system to produce a polyolefin. The first catalyst and at least a portion of the second catalyst are co-supported to form a commonly-supported catalyst system. The catalyst system is introduced to a line as a dry-feed. The line is coupled with a polymerization reactor. A carrier fluid is added to the line to form a slurry. The slurry is introduced to the polymerization reactor.

Abstract: Bifuran-modified polyester, polyethylene-terephthalate-co (2,2?-bifuran-5,5?-dicarboxylate), prepared by esterifying or transesterifying a diacid component comprising from 2 to 10 mole percent 2,2?-bifuran-5,5?-dicarboxylate and a diol component with a catalyst compound comprising metal present in an amount of from about 10 to about 450 ppm and polycondensation to form the polyester wherein the polyester has an inherent viscosity of at least 0.5 g/dL, a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 82° C. or more, a semicrystalline melting peak (Tm) with ?Hf equal to or greater than 5 J/g on the second heating ramp, and melting temperature (Tm) between 229° C. and 246° C. Reinforced compositions and shaped articles comprising bifuran-modified polyethylene terephthalate and methods of their production are also disclosed.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a composition comprising 1) about 97.5 wt % to about 99.9 wt % of a first polyethylene having a density of about 0.91 g/cm3 to about 0.94 g/cm3, and a melt strength of about 10 mN or greater; and 2) about 0.1 wt % to about 2.5 wt % of a second polyethylene having an Mw of about 500,000 g/mol or more. In some embodiments, the composition is a film. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of making a composition comprising blending a first polyethylene of any embodiment described herein and a second polyethylene of any embodiment described herein.

Abstract: A method for monitoring polymerization processes can include reacting by polymerization a feedstock in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor to produce an effluent comprising a polymer and a solvent; measuring a density of the effluent; and calculating a monomer conversion rate and/or a polymerization rate for the polymerization based on the density of the effluent. A system for monitoring polymerization processes can include a reactor containing an effluent comprising a solvent, a polymer, and a monomer; a flash vessel fluidly coupled to the reactor to receive the effluent from the reactor; and an inline density meter fluidly coupled to the reactor, placed between the reactor and the flash vessel, and configured to measure a density of the effluent.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method for decreasing reactor fouling in a steam cracking process is provided. The method includes steam cracking a hydrocarbon feed to obtain a quench oil composition comprising a concentration of donatable hydrogen of 0.5 wt. % or more based on a total weight percent of the quench oil composition; exposing a steam cracker effluent flowing from a pyrolysis furnace to the quench oil composition to form a mixture; and fractionating the mixture in a separation apparatus to obtain a steam cracker tar. In another embodiment, a hydrocarbon mixture is provided. The hydrocarbon mixture includes a mid-cut composition.