Abstract: Provided is a method for operating a gas-phase, fluidized-bed reactor. The method has the steps of (a) receiving a signal from a probe in contact with the interior of the reactor or a process component in communication with the reactor, wherein the signal is derived from a physical property or condition within the reactor or the process component; (b) modifying the signal to create a modified signal; and (c) adjusting one or more operating parameters of the reactor in response to the modified signal if the physical property or condition is different than a desired value. There is also a method for reducing fouling in a distributor plate of a gas-phase, fluidized-bed reactor with a recycle line.

Abstract: Methods for coating a substrate with a coating including an adsorbent material and a binder comprising an organosilica material which is a polymer comprising independent units of Formula [Z3Z4SiCH2]3 (I), wherein each Z3 represents a hydroxyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group or an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another unit or an active site on the substrate and each Z4 represents a hydroxyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C1-C4 alkyl group, an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another unit or an active site on the substrate are provided. Methods of gas separation are also provided.

Abstract: A process for converting light paraffins (especially C3-C5) to middle distillate and higher boiling range liquid hydrocarbons by (1) oxygen or air oxidation of iso-paraffins to alkyl hydroperoxides; (2) conversion of alkyl hydroperoxides to dialkyl peroxides; (3) radical coupling of paraffins using the dialkyl peroxides as radical initiators forming heavier hydrocarbon products; and (4) fractionation of the heavy hydrocarbon products. The net reaction is catalytically converting light paraffins to heavier hydrocarbons using oxygen or air to effect the conversion.

Abstract: A composition is described comprising a molecular sieve having pores defined by channels formed by one or more 8-membered rings of tetrahedrally coordinated atoms, such as a DDR-type molecular sieve, and an amorphous deposit of a boron compound on the molecular sieve.

Abstract: Organosilica materials, which are a polymer of at least one independent monomer of Formula [Z1OZ2SiCH2]3 (I), wherein each Z1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group or a bond to a silicon atom of another monomer and each Z2 represents a hydroxyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a C1-C6 alkyl group or an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another monomer and at least one other monomer are provided herein. Processes of using the organosilica materials, e.g., gas separation, etc., are also provided herein.

Abstract: A stator-type mixing device is used as a mixing device between fixed catalyst beds in a reactor. The mixing device includes a plurality of blades or surfaces arranged around a central hub. The blades are arranged at an angle relative to vertical so that a fluid cannot pass vertically through the mixing device without contacting at least one blade or surface. The blades or surfaces allow the stator-type mixing device to span the full cross-sectional surface area of the reactor, so that concentration of liquids in a localized portion of the reactor cross-sectional area is reduced or minimized. For reactors where at least part of the process fluid is a liquid under reaction conditions, a distributor tray can be included below the stator-type mixing device.

Abstract: Methods are provided for synthesizing ZSM-58 crystals with an improved morphology and/or an improved size distribution. By controlling the conditions during synthesis of the ZSM-58 crystals, crystals of a useful size with a narrow size distribution can be generated. Additionally, by controlling the ratio of water content to silica content in the synthesis mixture, it has unexpectedly been found that ZSM-58 crystals can be formed with an improved morphology. The improved morphology can result in ZSM-58 crystals with a more uniform size across the various dimensions of the crystal, which allows for more uniform diffusion within the crystal. This is in contrast to conventionally synthesized crystals, where the size of the crystal can vary along different axes of the crystals.

Abstract: Methods are provided for making asphalt mix composition from mixtures of binder, aggregate, and tailings derived from a solvent froth treatment performed to recover bitumen from mined oil sands. The tailings derived from the solvent froth treatment can be used to replace at least a portion of the small particles in the aggregate used for forming the asphalt mix composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to low sulfur marine bunker fuel compositions and methods of making the same. The invention also relates to an uncracked, hydrotreated vacuum resid for use in making the low sulfur marine bunker fuel composition. Contrary to conventional marine/bunker fuel compositions, the low sulfur marine/bunker fuel composition uses mostly uncracked components, including a (cat feed) hydrotreated vacuum resid. The low sulfur marine/bunker fuel composition can also have reduced contents of residual components.

Abstract: Methods for separating carbon dioxide from a gas stream are described. The methods include (a) providing a stream having a gas therein; and (b) contacting the stream with a sorption composition thereby removing at least a portion of the gas from the stream. The sorption composition includes a solid support, a linking moiety, and a gas-capture moiety or a reaction product thereof; wherein the gas-capture moiety has a formula according to Formula (I): wherein R1 to R3 may be the same or different and are selected from H or hydrocarbyl (e.g.

Abstract: A method for effecting a comprehensive removal of heavy metals from wastewater in a two stage process in which the wastewater is contacted in a first stage with a source of ferric ions under mildly acidic conditions (pH 5 to pH 8), preferably followed by the removal of the precipitated solids using a solid-liquid separation; a second stage follows in which the wastewater from the first step is contacted with a source of ferric ions under alkaline conditions (pH 8+) followed by the removal of the precipitated solids using a second solid-liquid separation. Used in conjunction with an initial oxidation step, the present method makes possible the removal of a whole suite of heavy metals present in both the anionic and cationic form in refinery wastewater. The treatment also removes metal compounds in the particulate phase. Metals concentrations can be significantly decreased from the mid to high ppb (parts per billion) range down to the low ppb range to meet the quality criteria for discharge.

Abstract: A feed injector for a circulating fluid bed reactor is fitted with a discharge nozzle with a circular, radially notched discharge orifice to improve the surface-to-volume ratio of the spray pattern formed by the nozzle. The feed injector is useful for injecting fluids into various types of circulating fluid bed reactors in which good contact between the components of the fluidized bed and the injected fluid is required. It is particularly useful in fluid coking reactors.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for using field enhanced separations to produce multiple fractions from a petroleum input. A liquid thermal diffusion and/or electric field separation is used to produce the fractions. The fractions can then be used to form multiple outputs that share a first feature while being different with regard to a second feature. For example, a first fraction from the plurality of fractions can have a desired value for a first property such as viscosity index. Two or more additional fractions from the plurality of fractions can then be blended together to make a blended fraction or output. The blended fraction can have a value for the first property that is substantially similar to the value for the first fraction. However, for a second property, the first fraction and the blended fraction can have distinct values. As a result, multiple output fractions can be formed that share a first feature but differ in a second feature.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved design and operation of a short contact time Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Reactor wherein the upper internal riser and a lower internal riser are in fluid connection with one another and provide an improved disengaging zone for entraining the vapors from the dilute phase area of the FCC reactor. Detailed preferred embodiments include improvements over the prior art to the internal central riser, riser termination apparatus, cyclone separators, and a coke mitigation baffle system, as well as associated improved fluid catalytic cracking processes utilizing the novel reactor design.

Abstract: A process for making a silica-polyolefin composite. The process has the steps of (a) reacting silica particles and an alkyl halosilane in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst to form silane-functionalized silica particles and (b) reacting the silane-functionalized silica particles with a vinyl-terminated polyolefin. There are other processes for making a silica-polyolefin composites. There are other processes for making metal phosphate-polyolefin composites.

Abstract: A method of improving air release in lubricant base stocks and lubricating oils is provided. The method includes providing a Group I base stock, a Group II base stock or a combination thereof and adding to the base stock an effective amount of C7 to C80 paraffin, wherein the lubricant base stock provides air release according to the ASTM D3427 test at least 20% lower than the same lubricant base stock not including the C7 to C80 paraffin. Also provided are lube base stocks and lubricating oils with improved air release and methods of making such base stocks and oils.

Abstract: Probes for monitoring electrostatic phenomena in challenging environments, such as fluidized bed reactors. These probes include a coated or uncoated static probe for measuring electric field and or particle charge state, an oscillatory electric field probe for measuring electric field, a chopped electric field probe for measuring electric field, and a radio-frequency antenna probe for detecting electrostatic discharges.

Abstract: System to detect coking in at least one component of refinery equipment is provided. The system includes a fiber optic assembly having at least one optical fiber operably coupled with the component, the fiber optic assembly further including a light source to transmit light having a known parameter through the optical fiber and a receiver to receive the light from the optical fiber, and a processor in communication with the fiber optic assembly to identify a shift in the parameter received by the receiver, the shift corresponding to an operating characteristic of the component. Method also provided for detecting coking using the system to detect coking disclosed herein.

Abstract: Methods are provided for hydrotreating a feed to generate a product with a reduced or minimized aromatics content and/or an increased distillate product yield. A distillate boiling range feed having an elevated content of sulfur and/or nitrogen can be hydrotreated using at least two hydrotreating stages with intermediate separation to produce a hydrotreated distillate boiling range product with a reduced or minimized aromatics content. Additionally or alternately, a mixed metal catalyst formed from a suitable precursor can be used during the hydrotreating. A mixed metal catalyst formed from a suitable precursor can provide an unexpectedly superior activity for aromatic saturation. A still further unexpected benefit can be achieved by combining a multi-stage hydrotreating process with intermediate separation with hydrotreating in the presence of a mixed metal catalyst formed from a suitable precursor.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing a DDR framework-type molecular sieve comprises crystallizing a reaction mixture comprising water, a source of silicon, and a structure directing agent, Q, selected from the group consisting of a methyltropinium salt, a 2,6,N,N-tetramethylpiperidinium salt, a 2,N,N-trimethylpiperidinium salt and mixtures thereof, wherein the reaction mixture has a molar ratio of water to silicon from 5 to 80 and a molar ratio of alkali or alkaline earth metal, M, to silicon less than 0.01.