Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods for acquiring a biometric image. A biometric camera system can position a lens of a biometric camera between a pixel array of the biometric camera and an iris. The pixel array can acquire an image of the iris using light reflected from the iris and transmitted through the lens of the biometric camera. The lens can increase a pixels per iris (PPi) value of the image of the iris acquired by the pixel array, by applying optical positive distortion to the light reflected from the iris when the light is optically directed through the lens. A processor can provide a biometric image for biometric matching, by image-processing the acquired image of the iris having the increased PPi value, with an inverse function of the optical positive distortion.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to systems and methods for acquiring IR light and visible light images. A lens may be configured to operate in at least a first configuration and a second configuration. The lens may have a first filter over a first portion of the lens and a second filter over a second portion of the lens. In the first configuration, a third filter may operate with the lens and the second filter to allow visible light from a first object located beyond a predetermined distance from the lens to pass and be focused on a sensor for image acquisition. In the second configuration, a fourth filter may operate with the lens and the first filter to allow IR light from a second object located within the predetermined distance to pass and be focused on the sensor for image acquisition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods wherein the iris biometric of an individual person is acquired using a mobile or static device. This acquisition may involve the use of active illumination and repeated use of the camera and processor, as examples. These modules consume considerable power however, and this can significantly reduce battery life. There is a need therefore for a power-efficient iris recognition system.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods for iris liveness determination. A sensor can acquire a first image of an iris with pupillary constriction, and a second image of the iris without the pupillary constriction. A processor can extract an iris portion of the first image into a first iris image, and an iris portion of the second image into a second iris image. The processor can normalize the first iris image and the second iris image. The normalized first iris image can have same dimensions as that of the normalized second iris image, in pixels. The processor can compute a minimum average difference between values of specific pixels of the normalized first iris image and values of corresponding pixels of the normalized second iris image. The specific pixels can correspond to an innermost annular portion of the iris.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods for iris liveness determination. A sensor can acquire a first image of an iris with pupillary constriction, and a second image of the iris without the pupillary constriction. A processor can extract an iris portion of the first image into a first iris image, and an iris portion of the second image into a second iris image. The processor can normalize the first iris image and the second iris image. The normalized first iris image can have same dimensions as that of the normalized second iris image, in pixels. The processor can compute a minimum average difference between values of specific pixels of the normalized first iris image and values of corresponding pixels of the normalized second iris image. The specific pixels can correspond to an innermost annular portion of the iris. The processor can determine that the iris is a live iris, responsive to determining that the computed minimum average difference is below a defined threshold value.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to systems and methods for acquiring IR light and visible light images. A lens may be configured to operate in at least a first configuration and a second configuration. The lens may have a first filter over a first portion of the lens and a second filter over a second portion of the lens. In the first configuration, a third filter may operate with the lens and the second filter to allow visible light from a first object located beyond a predetermined distance from the lens to pass and be focused on a sensor for image acquisition. In the second configuration, a fourth filter may operate with the lens and the first filter to allow IR light from a second object located within the predetermined distance to pass and be focused on the sensor for image acquisition.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods for imaging an iris for biometric recognition. An image sensor may be located a distance L from an iris, to acquire an image of the iris. The image may have a contrast amplitude comprising modulation of a signal level at the image sensor due to features of the iris being acquired, and a standard deviation of said signal level due to noise generated within the image sensor. An illumination source may provide infrared illumination during acquisition of the image. When L is set at a value of at least 30 centimeters, the illumination source can provide the infrared illumination to the iris at a first irradiance value, quantified in watts per centimeter-squared, such that the contrast amplitude is at a value above that of the standard deviation, and enables the acquired image to be used for biometric recognition.

Abstract: High quality, high contrast images of an iris and the face of a person are acquired in rapid succession in either sequence by a single sensor and one or more illuminators, preferably within less than one second of each other, by changing the data acquisition settings or illumination settings between each acquisition.

Abstract: The methods and apparatus for repetitive iris recognition include an apparatus for repetitively imaging an iris. The apparatus comprises a housing defining a substantially planar outer surface, a first axis normal to the substantially planar outer surface, and a curved outer surface, opposite the substantially planar outer surface, defined by a curve rotated about the first axis. The apparatus further comprises an infrared sensor array, disposed within the housing, to acquire an infrared image of an iris via at least one first aperture in the substantially planar outer surface. The apparatus further comprises at least one infrared illuminator, disposed within the housing, to illuminate the iris during acquisition of the infrared image of the iris via at least one second aperture in the substantially planar outer surface.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to methods and systems for managing difficulty of use and security for a transaction. A transaction manager operating on a computing device may determining a range of possible steps for a transaction comprising security measures available for the transaction. The transaction manager may identify a threshold for a security metric to be exceeded for authorizing the transaction, the security metric to be determined based on performance of steps selected for the transaction. The transaction manager may select for the transaction at least one step from the range of possible steps, based on optimizing between (i) a difficulty of use quotient of the transaction from subjecting a user to the at least one step, and (ii) the security metric relative to the determined threshold.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods for authorization. The method may include accessing, by an authorization engine for a transaction by a user, an activity pattern model of the user from a database. The activity pattern model of the user may be indicative of a geospatial behavior of the user over time. The authorization engine may determine a set of sensors available for facilitating the transaction, each of the sensors assigned with a usability value prior to the transaction. The authorization engine may access an activity pattern model of the sensors, the activity pattern model of the sensors indicative of geospatial characteristics of one or more of the sensors over time. The authorization engine may determine a convenience metric for each of a plurality of subsets of the sensors, using the activity pattern model of the user, the activity pattern model of the sensors, and usability values of corresponding sensors.

Abstract: Described embodiments include systems and methods for acquiring iris biometric data. An optical entrance of an optical medium may receive a ray incident on the optical entrance, the ray comprising biometric data. An interface of the optical medium with a second medium may receive the received ray at a first angle greater than a critical angle of the interface to enable total internal reflection of the received incident ray. A reflective coating, prism or other mechanism may be used in place of the interface to redirect the received ray or bend the optical path of the received ray. An optical exit of the optical medium may couple the reflected or redirected ray to a sensor for acquiring the biometric data. The ray may be incident on the optical entrance at a second angle relative to an axis of the sensor that is less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods of using iris data for authentication. A biometric encoder may translate an image of the iris into a rectangular representation of the iris. The rectangular representation may include a plurality of rows corresponding to a plurality of annular portions of the iris. The biometric encoder may extract an intensity profile from at least one of the plurality of rows, the intensity profile modeled as a stochastic process. The biometric encoder may obtain a stationary stochastic component of the intensity profile by removing a non-stationary stochastic component from the intensity profile. The biometric encoder may remove at least a noise component from the stationary component using auto-regressive based modeling, to produce at least a non-linear background signal, and may combine the non-stationary component and the at least the non-linear background signal, to produce a biometric template for authenticating the person.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed towards a compact, mobile apparatus for iris image acquisition, adapted to address effects of ocular dominance in the subject and to guide positioning of the subject's iris for the image acquisition. The apparatus may include a sensor for acquiring an iris image from a subject. A compact mirror may be oriented relative to a dominant eye of the subject, and sized to present an image of a single iris to the subject when the apparatus is positioned at a suitable distance for image acquisition. The mirror may assist the subject in positioning the iris for iris image acquisition. The mirror may be positioned between the sensor and the iris during iris image acquisition, and transmit a portion of light reflected off the iris to the sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods for acquiring a biometric image. A biometric camera system can position a lens of a biometric camera between a pixel array of the biometric camera and an iris. The pixel array can acquire an image of the iris using light reflected from the iris and transmitted through the lens of the biometric camera. The lens can increase a pixels per iris (PPi) value of the image of the iris acquired by the pixel array, by applying optical positive distortion to the light reflected from the iris when the light is optically directed through the lens. A processor can provide a biometric image for biometric matching, by image-processing the acquired image of the iris having the increased PPi value, with an inverse function of the optical positive distortion.

Abstract: A method of determining the identity of a subject while the subject is walking or being transported in an essentially straight direction is disclosed, the two dimensional profile of the subject walking or being transported along forming a three dimensional swept volume, without requiring the subject to change direction to avoid any part of the system, comprising acquiring data related to one or more biometrics of the subject with the camera(s), processing the acquired biometrics data, and determining if the acquired biometric data match corresponding biometric data stored in the system, positioning camera(s) and strobed or scanned infrared illuminator(s) above, next to, or below the swept volume. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: High quality, high contrast images of an iris and the face of a person are acquired in rapid succession in either sequence by a single sensor and one or more illuminators, preferably within less than one second of each other, by changing the data acquisition settings or illumination settings between each acquisition.

Abstract: A method of determining the identity of a subject while the subject is walking or being transported in an essentially straight direction is disclosed, the two dimensional profile of the subject walking or being transported along forming a three dimensional swept volume, without requiring the subject to change direction to avoid any part of the system, comprising acquiring data related to one or more biometrics of the subject with the camera(s), processing the acquired biometrics data, and determining if the acquired biometric data match corresponding biometric data stored in the system, positioning camera(s) and strobed or scanned infrared illuminator(s) above, next to, or below the swept volume. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods wherein the iris biometric of an individual person is acquired using a mobile or static device. This acquisition may involve the use of active illumination and repeated use of the camera and processor, as examples. These modules consume considerable power however, and this can significantly reduce battery life. There is a need therefore for a power-efficient iris recognition system.