Abstract: A ring roller mill for grinding mineral clinker materials and the like comprises at least one grinding ring, at least one roller and at least one air outlet opening within the outer circumference of the grinding ring and air inlet openings on each side of the air outlet opening in the rotating direction of the grinding ring. The location of the air inlet and outlet openings, and respectively, relative to each other ensure that substantially lower flow rates occur in the mill at a certain volume flow rate compared to hitherto known mills. At the same time a more stable operation of the mill is ensured.

Abstract: A separator for sorting of particulate material suspended in a conveying gas into a fine fraction and a coarse fraction, which separator comprises a rotor with a shaft, a housing, which encases the rotor and has an inlet for the material/gas suspension and outlets for fine and coarse fractions, respectively. Regulating means are associated with the shaft for adjusting the axial position of the shaft, and hence of the rotor, relative to the housing, thereby adjusting the amount of unseparated material that bypasses the rotor and passes directly to the fine fraction outlet.

Abstract: A method and plant for burning sludge or filter cakes during the cement clinker manufacture where the cement is manufactured in known manner by the cement raw meal being preheated, calcined and burned into clinker with subsequent cooling of the clinker and where the sludge is dried and finely divided prior to burning. The drying heat is provided by feeding hot raw meal from either the preheater or a separating cyclone installed in connection with the calciner to the drier unit, which may be a drier crusher. Applicable types of sludge include sewage sludge, beaching earth, paper sludge, fibre rejects, combustible chemical residues, e.g. waste derived from the manufacture of nylons and pesticides, and drill sludge resulting from oil exploration.

Abstract: A roller press (1; 11) for grinding of granular material and comprising two or more rollers (3, 5; 13, 14, 15) alternately rotating in opposite directions, of which at least one is displaceable in a guideway (7; 16, 17) and where only some of the rollers (5; 14) are connected to a driving means. According to the invention the guideway for each of the displaceable rollers is provided so that it is substantially parallel to the resultant force on that roller. As a result, virtually all of the resultant force acting on the displaceable roller will be acting substantially eliminating the reaction force at right angles to the guideway.

Abstract: A flexible connection for supplying cooling air to a movable grate element in a grate cooler. A rigid pipe has two end sections each having a wall thickness exceeding that of the pipe. The end sections are rounded on their outer sides and are each mounted in a displaceable and tiltable manner in separate pipe sockets. One of the sockets is fixed to the movable grate element while the other is fixed to the stationary frame of the cooler.

Abstract: A description is given of an apparatus for shooting of whole automobile tires, preferably into a cement rotary kiln, which apparatus comprises a gun barrel, a charging device for placing automobile tires in the gun barrel, and a device for generating compressed air for propelling the automobile tire through the gun barrel. The gun barrel consists of a tube having a cross-section which is essentially rectangular over its entire length. By designing the gun barrel with a cross-section which corresponds to the cross-section of the automobile tire, the automobile tire will fill out the entire cross-sectional area of the gun barrel thereby making it possible to provide an air pressure behind the automobile tire which is sufficient for propelling the tire through the gun barrel.

Abstract: A cooler (6) for cooling of particulate material which is subjected to heat treatment in the rotary kiln is mounted at the material outlet end (1) of a rotary kiln. The cooler is provided with annular chambers (7, 8, 9) disposed around each other, and which are successively passed by the material from the outlet (5) of the kiln to a material outlet (20) in the stationary housing (15) of the cooler in countercurrent with the cooling air which flows from an air inlet (18) and through the annular chambers to the kiln in which the air thus heated is utilized as combustion air.

Abstract: A roller press comprising two rollers which rotate in opposite rotational directions, the rollers being driven via two gear units mounted on the roller shafts and having means for counterbalancing the oppositely-directed torques arising in the gear units in the form of a torque reaction system, eliminating the need for a torque absorption mechanism attached to the machine frame of the roller press.

Abstract: For controlling the material feed to a roller press, a method is described, whereby the difference between the operating values of a roller press before and after a forced change in the material feed is used to establish whether the material feed should be increased, reduced or maintained unchanged in order to optimize the operation of the roller press. By this method it is obtained that the roller press, regardless of the homogeneity of the feed material, will constantly be operating within the transition range between starve and shaft feeding and that, consequently, the roller press can be utilized to optimum extent, while simultaneously avoiding the fluidization problems associated with shaft feeding.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing cement is described, by which gypsum is added to the clinker in the clinker cooler (3). Hereby it is obtained that the gypsum is dried in a safe, simple and inexpensive manner without substantial additional costs for establishment and operation.

Abstract: A method is described for manufacturing of normal as well as ultra-fine cement on the basis of cement materials, such as cement clinker, gypsum, slag, limestone, pozzolana, flyash etc. in a plant comprising at least a mill (1), a classifying separator (3), a separation cyclone (5) and a dust collector (7). By this method some of the dust-laden conveying gas which is extracted via the cyclone gas outlet duct (11) is diverted to and dedusted in the dust collector (7), and the dust from the dust collector (7) is utilized as the basis for ultra-fine cement, whereas the cyclone material from the material outlet (9) of the cyclone is utilized as normal cement. Hence it is possible to manufacture ultra-fine cement in existing grinding plants in a mechanically simple and operationally inexpensive way, while normal cement is simultaneously manufactured, without having any significant impact on the mill operation.

Abstract: To improve the operation of a roller press, a method is described according to which fluidized material that is discharged from the roller press over and above the sides of the roller press is collected and passed on to the next process stage together with the material which is ground in the roller press and discharged from the centermost section of the roller press. The remaining material which was ground in the roller press and discharged from the roller press through its end sections is returned to the roller press.By practicing the method of the present invention, a depletion of the material in the feed shaft is prevented due to a more stable roller feed, hence obtaining a smooth operation, even for high circulation factors, a higher average power absorption and a higher output level.

Abstract: In a generally known cement kiln plant which incorporates a preheater (1), a calciner (2) having a separation cyclone (3), a rotary kiln (4) and a clinker cooler (5), a decomposition chamber (10) is additionally installed for incineration of waste. Waste is introduced into the chamber at a location (12) and decomposed in the chamber by the heat from calcined raw meal which is conveyed to the chamber from the separation cyclone (3) of the calciner via a splitting gate (13) and a pipeline (14). Gaseous products are conveyed to the calciner (2) and burned there, whereas noncombustible by-products are discharged via an outlet (15) of the chamber (10). By utilizing the heat from preheated or calcined raw meal instead of, for example, hot exhaust gases to incinerate waste, any disturbance of the draught conditions of the cement kiln plant can be avoided, and the overall control of the calcining process is improved.

Abstract: A burner for a rotary kiln consists of a central pipe (5) for introducing an oil or gas lance, a first concentric pipe (8) for introducing primary air and a second concentric pipe (1) for introducing a mixture of solid fuel and carrier air into the burning zone of the kiln. The pipes (5, 8 and 1) form mutually annular channels, the primary air channel being located inside the solid fuel/air channel and at its end facing the burning zone being provided with nozzles mounted parallel to the axis of the burner, the primary air streams from the nozzles drawing the particles of solid fuel towards the core of the flame in the burning zone to increase the combustion and to reduce the NO.sub.x -content in the kiln exhaust gases. The burner is provided with a heat exchanger (14, 18 and 20) surrounding the portion of the burner projecting into the kiln to cool the burner and to increase the primary air velocity during injection into the burning zone.

Abstract: In a kiln plant for burning clinker from mineral raw materials, such as cement raw materials, and comprising a kiln (1), a precalciner (4), a preheater (6, 7, 8) and a flue gas filter (31), part of the kiln flue gases is diverted from the precalciner and the preheater via a bypass (20-30), the bypassed amount of flue gas being subjected to a preceding quenching in a chamber (21), humidified with water and cooled in a reactor (23), thereby causing the chlorides and alkalis in the bypassed gas to deposit upon dust particles which together with material dust in the gases are precipitated from the latter in a separator (25). The bypassed flue gas thus being almost purified of harmful compounds is then fed to the filter (31) or recirculated to the bypass in such manner that at least part of the precipitated compounds and material dust from the reactor (23) and the separator (25) is returned to the reactor for renewed treatment in same.

Abstract: For incineration of solid combustible waste a method is described according to which the waste is introduced into and incinerated in the outlet casing of a rotary kiln when brought into contact with the hot airstream flowing through the kiln. Hence a simple and cheap method for incinerating waste is obtained, since the waste is introduced through a stationary wall.

Abstract: A burner (1) for feeding solid and liquid or gaseous fuel into a burning zone (8) of a kiln, for instance a rotary kiln, and comprising central duct (2) for liquid or gaseous fuel, a surrounding annular duct (3) for primary air and a further surrounding annular duct (4) for solid fuel is provided with an outer duct system (5) for feeding yet an amount of primary air into the burning zone (8), the duct system (5) being in the form of a heat exchanger for transferring heat from the inner kiln compartment surrounding the burner (1) to the primary air transported in the duct system (5) and thereby increasing the velocity of the air passing through the system without any corresponding increase of the fan power or the energy consumption of the kiln plant, but with a substantial decrease in the amount of primary air fed to the burning zone. The duct system (5) is separated from the remainder parts of the burner (1) by an insulating layer (7).

Abstract: By a method for heat treatment of pulverous material, e.g. burning of lime, the lime is first preheated by means of exit gas in a preheater (1, 2, 3) and subsequently burnt in a calciner (4, 14), after which the burnt lime is cooled in a cooler (6, 7).In order to be able to alter the reactivity of the finish-burnt lime, the calciner is divided into two chambers, namely a first chamber (4) in which the lime is burnt at, e.g. 1050.degree. C. and a second chamber (14) in which a larger or smaller portion of the lime is further burnt at a higher temperature, e.g. 1300.degree. C.By means of a splitting gate (16) in the outlet from a separation cyclone (5) for the calciner (4, 14), it is possible to determine the size of the portion of lime which should be exposed to the higher burning temperature in the second calciner chamber (14) and consequently to predetermine the reactivity of the finish-burnt lime.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for the manufacture of clinker of mineral raw materials, such as cement clinker, according to the wet process and ensuring an almost complete absorption of the SO.sub.2 -emission in the kiln gases from a kiln, such as a rotary kiln working according to this process, the wet process is converted into a semi-dry process in feeding the wet ground raw materials (6, 7) together with a raw mix component such as flyash (5) and/or precipitated filter dust (18, 20) into gas suspension drying unit (4) mounted--seen in the direction of movement of the kiln gases--after a kiln (1) and heated with kiln gases for creating a gas/material suspension in the drying unit (4) thereby preheating and drying the wet raw materials before their returning via an overflow bin (11) and a duct (14) to the kiln inlet (2) and their further treatment in the kiln (1) and thereby simultaneously through an SO.sub.2 adsorption by the dry particles in the unit (4) ensuring the cleansing of the kiln gases.

Abstract: A heat exchanger in the form of a vessel for heat exchange of a pulverulent solid material and a gas, e.g.