Abstract: A roaster for grain or other particulate material. A chute is provided to feed particles adjacent the bottom of a rotating drum to reduce particle bouncing and unwanted agglomeration and to improve roasting uniformity. Vanes are provided longitudinally within the drum at an angle to lines parallel to the drum axis to improve roasting efficiency.

Abstract: Polyols containing at least one carboxamide group, --[NHC.dbd.O]--, in the polyol backbone impart to polyurethane resin-forming systems a unique combination of normal pot life and accelerated curing characteristics without sacrifice of final physical properties. Methods are given for preparation of such polyols which enable incorporation of a small, predetermined number of such carboxamide groups, not exceeding in number the hydroxyl functionality of the polyol, into each and every individual polyol molecule. The rapid-curing/property-development characteristics of derived polyurethane resin-forming systems are especially valuable in molding operations, where both mold cycle times and curing energy requirements are substantially reduced in comparison with conventional polyurethane resin-forming systems having similar final physical properties.

Abstract: Glutarate-containing polyesterpolyols are produced by reaction of primary and/or secondary diols and/or polyols with dimethyl glutarate in the presence of a transesterification catalyst which does not have deleterious effects on the behavior of such polyesterpolyols when they are employed in the subsequent preparation of polyurethane compositions, nor on the properties of such derived polyurethane compositions. The ratios of reactants are controlled so as to obtain essentially complete conversion to hydroxyl terminated compositions of predetermined molecular weight and hydroxyl functionality. An important modification of the above polyesterpolyols is that in which they are subsequently used as polyol intermediates in the preparation of glutarate-containing co-polyesterpolyols. These hydroxyl terminated glutarate polyesters and co-polyesters are used to produce a wide variety of polyurethane compositions which exhibit unexpected and extremely useful combinations of properties.