Abstract: Provided are a mobile phone-based biological testing method and apparatus. The method includes: selecting N kinds of quantum dots of specific wavelengths to label N to-be-tested biomarkers in a sample, where N is 1, 2 or 3; exciting to-be-tested biomarker-quantum dot compounds using excitation light; photographing the above excited compounds for multiple times, so as to obtain a first original image file in a RAW format with a 16-bit depth; photographing unlabeled quantum dots to obtain a second original image file in a RAW format with a 16-bit depth; calculating a matrix of transition coefficients of fluorescence intensities of the quantum dots received by channels in the second original image file; calculating a fluorescence intensity of each of the to-be-tested biomarker-quantum dot compounds in the first original image file; and obtaining a concentration of each of the to-be-tested biomarkers according to the fluorescence intensity, so as to complete biological testing.