Abstract: Mechanisms for storing updates to a graph database are provided, the mechanisms including: storing the graph database in at least a first matrix; receiving a first update to the graph database; storing the first update to the graph database in at least a second matrix; and updating the at least a first matrix using a combination of at least the at least the first matrix and the at least the second matrix using a hardware processor. In some of these mechanisms, the at least the first matrix is stored in a first compressed sparse format. In some of these mechanisms, the first update to the graph database includes a new entry to the graph database. In some of these mechanisms, the first update to the graph database includes a change to an entry in the graph database.