Abstract: A security element includes a transparent film, a first layer and a second layer. The first layer includes a first metal arranged on the transparent film in a first pattern. The second layer includes a second metal being a baser metal than the first metal arranged over the first layer in a second pattern. Each of the first and second patterns is composed of metallic regions and metal-free regions. The metal-free regions of the second pattern overlap with the metal-free regions of the first pattern. The metallic regions of the first pattern overlap with the metal-free regions of the second pattern.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing watermarked paper, comprising at least one watermark constituted by one or more light regions which have a lower density of fibers and one or more dark regions which have a higher density of fibers, by way of at least one mould cylinder covered with a mould cover which is adapted to modulate the density of fibers that are deposited on the mould cylinder, which comprises: a step of forming the mould cover, in which one or more light areas adapted to produce the light regions in the paper and one or more dark areas adapted to produce the dark regions in the paper are produced in the mould cover; a step of deposition, in which the fibers are deposited on the mould cylinder covered with the mould cover so as to provide the watermarked paper.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing watermarked paper, comprising: a step of forming a first fibrous panel which comprises at least one watermark element; a step of forming a second, thin fibrous panel; a step of removal, by way of suction, of at least one portion of the second, thin fibrous panel in order to produce a localized reduction in thickness at a first face of the second, thin fibrous panel, so as to provide at least one accommodation seat intended to accommodate a security element; a step of coupling between the first fibrous panel and the face of the second, thin fibrous panel which lies opposite the first face.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing watermarked paper, comprising: a step of forming a first fibrous panel which comprises at least one watermark element; a step of forming a second, thin fibrous panel; a step of removal, by way of suction, of at least one portion of the second, thin fibrous panel in order to produce a localized reduction in thickness at a first face of the second, thin fibrous panel, so as to provide at least one accommodation seat intended to accommodate a security element; a step of coupling between the first fibrous panel and the face of the second, thin fibrous panel which lies opposite the first face.

Abstract: A reading sensor adapted to read a security element having magnetic areas with different coercivity, comprising at least one first reading head and at least one second reading head, which are arranged parallel to each other and are capable of detecting two distinct signal sequences, and a permanent magnet which is arranged between the reading heads.

Abstract: A security element, comprising at least two contiguous areas having an identical or different coloring which can vary depending on the inclination of the incidence and, therefore, reflection of direct light or depending on the type of incident light. The security element also has a single graphic marking which crosses with continuity the two areas having variable coloring so that the graphic marking straddles the two areas so that it is perfectly aligned, without having discontinuities of any kind. Moreover, the effect of this graphic marking is perfectly visible both when the security element is viewed from the recto and when it is viewed from the verso.

Abstract: A security element, particularly for banknotes, security cards and the like, comprising a first substrate which is at least partially opaque when viewed in transmitted light, and a plurality of magnetic areas being arranged on the substrate, wherein each of the magnetic areas is formed by a first magnetic material, a second magnetic material or an arrangement of the first and the second magnetic materials being at least partially superimposed, the first magnetic material and the second magnetic material exhibiting different coercivity values which are detectable by a sensor, wherein the first and second magnetic materials are magnetically saturated such that one of the first and second magnetic materials is not affected by the other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a security element, particularly for banknotes, security cards, passports, identity cards and the like, comprising at least one magnetic area formed of at least a first and a second magnetic material having at least one different magnetic property. The second magnetic material partially covers the first magnetic material. The first magnetic material is exposed at least at two sides of the second magnetic material such that both in a first extension direction of the security element and in a second extension direction perpendicular to the first extension direction there is a change from the first magnetic material to the second magnetic material. Further, a method for reading a security element according to the invention, a system for reading a security element according to the invention, and a method for manufacturing a security element according the invention are described.

Abstract: A method for providing a watermarking wire mesh, particularly for producing security paper and the like, comprising in sequence the following steps: associating stably at least one electrotype element at a preset region of a first working face of a watermarking wire mesh; deforming plastically at least one predefined portion of the watermarking wire mesh, which comprises at least partially the at least one electrotype element.

Abstract: A security element, particularly for banknotes, security cards and the like, comprising a first substrate which is at least partially opaque when viewed in transmitted light, magnetic areas being deposited on the substrate, the magnetic areas comprising at least two types of magnetic areas which have different coercivity values and whose residual magnetism is identical or different, said different values being adapted to generate at least three mutually different codes.

Abstract: A forgery-resistant document, particularly for securities, which comprises a sheet- like medium having at least one first region which has at least one first graphic marking which is visible in transmitted light, and at least one second region which has at least one second graphic marking visible in transmitted light or in reflected light and different from the first graphic marking, the first graphic marking cooperating with the second graphic marking as a consequence of the at least partial superimposition of the first region with the second region so as to provide at least one graphic representation that is visible in transmitted light.

Abstract: A security element, particularly for banknotes, security cards and the like, comprising a first substrate which is at least partially opaque when viewed in transmitted light, and a plurality of magnetic areas being arranged on the substrate, wherein each of the magnetic areas is formed by a first magnetic material, a second magnetic material or an arrangement of the first and the second magnetic materials being at least partially superimposed, the first magnetic material and the second magnetic material exhibiting different coercivity values which are detectable by a sensor, wherein the first and second magnetic materials are magnetically saturated such that one of the first and second magnetic materials is not affected by the other.