Abstract: A power supply circuit for supplying power to a load includes an antenna which receives electric power, a rectifier coupled to the antenna and configured to convert an alternating voltage supplied from the antenna into a direct-current voltage, a voltage step-down circuit which steps down the direct-current voltage to generate an output voltage for provision to the load, a regulator which controls a resistance connected between the output voltage and a ground voltage in parallel with the load, thereby controlling a voltage level of the output voltage.

Abstract: This invention provides a trade system of contribution articles, which enables information gathered by many people to be efficiently used in the mass media such as a newspaper or a magazine. First, the contributor photographs an image of an accident or the like using a contributor terminal 7. Besides, position verification information of the accident locale is acquired from a position verification authentication server 3. Then, the image information of the accident or the like and the position verification information are registered into a contribution market server 13 by the contribution terminal 7. A person in charge at the mass medium operates a mass medium terminal 11 to access to the contribution market server 13, and finds out articles for which purchase priority is to be acquired.

Abstract: An IC card is provided with a nonvolatile data area in which data can be read and written, a nonvolatile key data area into which data can be written but cannot be read, and a nonvolatile key register into which data can be written but cannot be read. Writing predetermined data, which are not encrypted but need to be kept secret, into the data area and key data into the key data area, inhibits reading and writing data in the data area. Reading or writing in the data area is authorized only if proper key data are written into the key register, and inhibited if improper key data are written into the key register.

Abstract: A digital audio reproducing apparatus including a receiver receiving modulated data, a demodulator demodulating the modulated data received by the receiver, an audio decoder decoding, in a unit of a frame, digital audio information contained in the modulated data demodulated by the demodulator, and an audibility corrector for effecting audibility correction on failing digital audio information contained in a frame that failed to be decoded, when the audio decoder fails to decode the digital audio information.

Abstract: A conductor is represented by a line. A plane on which the conductor crosses a plurality of sides in the planes forming a cell is divided by the conductor. In the planes obtained by the division, a plane containing the position in which the magnetic field intensity is obtained is processed as one plane as is, and a plane not containing the position is added to an adjacent plane. On the side crossing the conductor, the two values of the field intensity are defined. That is, the magnetic field intensity is obtained through the integral loop containing the conductor for each of the divided plane processed as one plane, and the plane to which the divided plane not processed as one plane is added.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data processing system in a hierarchical network configuration for executing applicable data processes in a comprehensible and executable form. An object of the present invention is to allow data processing capabilities to be established with high precision in a short time based on a fuzzy-neuro-integrated concept. A fuzzy model is generated by a data processing system in the form of membership functions and fuzzy rules as technical information relating to a control target. According to this fuzzy model, a weight value of the connection between neurons is set and a pre-wired neural network is established. Then, the data of the control target are learned by the neural network. The connection state and a weight value of the neural network after the learning enable tuning of the fuzzy model.