Abstract: A method for removing organic contaminants including yeast cells from a particulate filter aid such as kieselguhr includes steps of producing an aqueous suspension of the contaminated filter aid, and adding to the suspension a mixture of enzymes (protease, amylase and glucanase) capable of dissolving yeast cell walls. Optionally, an oxidizer may also be added, and the suspension may be agitated ultrasonically. After sufficient time, the enzyme and dissolved organic contaminant are removed from the suspension by rinsing with dilute caustic soda, and the decontaminated filter aid is acid neutralized. Finally, the filter aid may be separated into coarse and fine fractions, and re-used.

Abstract: In order to avoid dead spaces which are difficult to subject to backflushing and in which particles can be deposited, a special helical filter candle, a method of manufacture of said helical filter candle as well as an end portion (11) for a helical filter candle (1) is created. The helical filter candle (1) comprises a wire (2) wound in windings (3) onto a support structure (4) of support rods (5). At one end, an end portion (11) is welded to said support rods (5). The last of the windings (3) is ground flat in such a way that a spacing of uniform width arises between the surface of the end portion (11) and the final winding (3). During manufacture of the helical filter candle (1), the wire is wound onto the support rods (5) in windings (3), wherein the spacing (7) between the individual windings in a middle area (6) of the support rods (5) is less than in an end area (8) of approximately 3 to 5 windings.

Abstract: A filter arrangement for backflushable filtration as well as a filter candle are formed in such a way that dead spaces and screw connections that are difficult to subject to backflushing are avoided, especially in the non-filtrate space (6). The filter candles (7) are held by a head portion (13). The head portion (13) is pressed against a holder arrangement (3) by means of tensioning means (9) arranged in the filtrate space (6). A support element (10) connects the head portion (13) with the tensioning means (9), said tensioning means (9) being able to bear against a contact surface (11) of the support element (10). The filtered liquid is led from the inside of the filter candle (7) through a flow-through channel (22) between the outside surface (20) of the support element (10) and the inside surface (21) of the opening (4) in the holder arrangement (3) into the filtrate space (5).

Abstract: A medium containing tanning agents and/or albumens, such as beer, wine, or fruit juice, is simultaneously stabilized and filtrated by means of cross-flow filtration in the ultrafiltration or microfiltration range, in the presence of a stabilizer.

Abstract: A deep bed filter with a layer thickness of at least 1 mm comprises a pleated, self supporting filter layer (7, 8) which contains a mixture of long fibered material and short fibered material, whereby the fibers comprise cellulose and/or artificial fibers and whereby the filter layer preferably contains diatomaceous earth and/or perlite.

Abstract: Equal or better adsorbency at lower cost is obtained with a sheet filter of the type having a filtering layer comprised of a supporting layer formed of at least one fibrous material with at least one adsorbent material evenly distributed within the supporting layer, when the adsorbent material consists essentially of .gamma.-aluminum oxide instead of asbestos. A supplementary organic adsorbent material can be incorporated together with an inorganic filler such as kaolin or kieselguhr.