Abstract: A valve metal anode, for electrolytical processes, having an electron-active covering layer, is prepared by anchoring electron-activating substances, counteracting passivation of the anode, in a sintered porous carrier layer of valve metal. The carrier layer which is sintered onto the cleaned valve metal base may consist of a powder of the same metal or of the crystallographically similar metal. The infusion of the active substances into the carrier layer can be accomplished by impregnating and drying or baking the active substances, by precipitating them from the vapor phase, galvanically, or from the gaseous phase. The active substances may also be ingredients of the sinter mixture.

Abstract: A metal electrode with an active cover layer for electrochemical purposes which cover layer includes metal platinates, metal palladates, or the like, and metal palladates and comprises, as embedding substances compounds of the type Ba (M.sub.x Ti.sub.1.sub.-x)O.sub.3 where M is a platinum metal. The latter may be used alone or in combination with other additives and does not impair on the one hand the effectiveness of the active materials and is on the other hand, when exposed to an electrolytic bath, location in chemically resistant without showing complete inactivity and, thus, increase the current yield of the anode.

Abstract: An electrode for electrochemical processes, particularly for the electrolysis processes for manufacturing chlorine, consisting of a metal resistant to the electrolysis medium and of an active cover layer applied thereon and containing the substances causing the electrode process, which substances are compounds of the typePt.sub.x M.sub.y M.sub.z O.sub.2, Pd.sub.x M.sub.y M.sub.z O.sub.2being of rhombohedral crystal structure, and of the typeA.sub.x Pt.sub.3 O.sub.4, A.sub.x Pd.sub.3 O.sub.4which in connection with the other compounds can be regarded as Perowskistructure. On account of the marked non-stoichiometry proper to these compounds, excess electrons occur, resulting in the low electrical resistance which is characteristic for said compounds and which is in the same range as that of some of the metals.