Abstract: A rotating grooming brush comprising a brush hub having grooming elements and shroud elements, and method for grooming a surface having an unwanted material thereon. The elements extend from the brush hub and may be positioned near its outer periphery. The elements may be grooming elements forming an array and shroud elements forming a shroud array. A rigid or elastomeric shroud extending from the brush hub surface may optionally be included about the edge of the brush hub, to the outside of the grooming elements. Rotation of the grooming attachment brush causes a low pressure region to build in the central area of the brush. This low pressure region creates a resulting force that forcefully attracts the grooming attachment brush to the surface to be groomed. The resulting force is controlled by the diameter of the brush hub, arrangement, of the elements and the speed of rotation.

Abstract: A rotating grooming brush comprising a brush hub having grooming elements and shroud elements, and method for grooming a surface having an unwanted material thereon. The elements extend from the brush hub and may be positioned near its outer periphery. The elements may be grooming elements forming an array and shroud elements forming a shroud array. A rigid or elastomeric shroud extending from the brush hub surface may optionally be included about the edge of the brush hub, to the outside of the grooming elements. Rotation of the grooming attachment brush causes a low pressure region to build in the central area of the brush. This low pressure region creates a resulting force that forcefully attracts the grooming attachment brush to the surface to be groomed. The resulting force is controlled by the diameter of the brush hub, arrangement, of the elements and the speed of rotation.

Abstract: A decision engine includes: a genetic algorithm framework including a knowledge base of standard configurations, a candidate selector generator and a selector to select a candidate configuration from a plurality of preferred standard configurations in response to the candidate selector generator; a parallelized reasoning framework including an attack surface reasoning algorithm module to compute the security and cost tradeoffs of an attack surface associated with each candidate configuration; and a user interface framework including a web service engine where users can interact and provide feedback on direction of an evolution used in a genetic algorithm search for evolving defenses.

Abstract: A decision engine includes: a genetic algorithm framework including a knowledge base of standard configurations, a candidate selector generator and a selector to select a candidate configuration from a plurality of preferred standard configurations in response to the candidate selector generator; a parallelized reasoning framework including an attack surface reasoning algorithm module to compute the security and cost tradeoffs of an attack surface associated with each candidate configuration; and a user interface framework including a web service engine where users can interact and provide feedback on direction of an evolution used in a genetic algorithm search for evolving defenses.

Abstract: A decision engine includes: a genetic algorithm framework including a knowledge base of standard configurations, a candidate selector generator and a selector to select a candidate configuration from a plurality of preferred standard configurations in response to the candidate selector generator; a parallelized reasoning framework including an attack surface reasoning algorithm module to compute the security and cost tradeoffs of an attack surface associated with each candidate configuration; and a user interface framework including a web service engine where users can interact and provide feedback on direction of an evolution used in a genetic algorithm search for evolving defenses.

Abstract: A modified optical PAM communication system using multiple laser sources to generate each amplitude level. The systems can be applied separately or in conjunction with another modulation system such as SDM, MDM, WDM, TDM, or other communication systems. In an embodiment, a PAM-4 system will increase data rate by a factor of two, but more complicated schemes using more lasers can be utilized to generate higher efficiency schemes. For example, a 25 Gbps NRZ signal will give 50 Gbps PAM-4 signal and higher laser systems can generate PAM-8 or PAM-16 for 75 and 100 Gbps systems respectively. These can be further applied to SDM systems to generate higher data rates equivalent to the number of SDM channels multiplied by the PAM efficiency. In embodiments, the invention may combing PAM with WDM and SDM to achieve multiple bits per symbol.

Abstract: A modified optical PAM communication system using multiple laser sources to generate each amplitude level. The systems can be applied separately or in conjunction with another modulation system such as SDM, MDM, WDM, TDM, or other communication systems. In an embodiment, a PAM-4 system will increase data rate by a factor of two, but more complicated schemes using more lasers can be utilized to generate higher efficiency schemes. For example, a 25 Gbps NRZ signal will give 50 Gbps PAM-4 signal and higher laser systems can generate PAM-8 or PAM-16 for 75 and 100 Gbps systems respectively. These can be further applied to SDM systems to generate higher data rates equivalent to the number of SDM channels multiplied by the PAM efficiency. In embodiments, the invention may combing PAM with WDM and SDM to achieve multiple bits per symbol.

Abstract: A decision engine includes: a genetic algorithm framework including a knowledge base of standard configurations, a candidate selector generator and a selector to select a candidate configuration from a plurality of preferred standard configurations in response to the candidate selector generator; a parallelized reasoning framework including an attack surface reasoning algorithm module to compute the security and cost tradeoffs of an attack surface associated with each candidate configuration; and a user interface framework including a web service engine where users can interact and provide feedback on direction of an evolution used in a genetic algorithm search for evolving defenses.

Abstract: A modified optical PAM communication system using multiple laser sources to generate each amplitude level. The systems can be applied separately or in conjunction with another modulation system such as SDM, MDM, WDM, TDM, or other communication systems. In an embodiment, a PAM-4 system will increase data rate by a factor of two, but more complicated schemes using more lasers can be utilized to generate higher efficiency schemes. For example, a 25 Gbps NRZ signal will give 50 Gbps PAM-4 signal and higher laser systems can generate PAM-8 or PAM-16 for 75 and 100 Gbps systems respectively. These can be further applied to SDM systems to generate higher data rates equivalent to the number of SDM channels multiplied by the PAM efficiency. In embodiments, the invention may combing PAM with WDM and SDM to achieve multiple bits per symbol.

Abstract: A rotating grooming brush comprising a brush hub having grooming elements and shroud elements, and method for grooming a surface having an unwanted material thereon. The elements extend from the brush hub and may be positioned near its outer periphery. The elements may be grooming elements forming an array and shroud elements forming a shroud array. A rigid or elastomeric shroud extending from the brush hub surface may optionally be included about the edge of the brush hub, to the outside of the grooming elements. Rotation of the grooming attachment brush causes a low pressure region to build in the central area of the brush. This low pressure region creates a resulting force that forcefully attracts the grooming attachment brush to the surface to be groomed. The resulting force is controlled by the diameter of the brush hub, arrangement, of the elements and the speed of rotation.

Abstract: A multiplexed optical communication system comprising a carrier optical fiber, a plurality of launching light sources, and a matching plurality of multiplexer/demultiplexers and photodetectors is described and claimed. Optical communication channel separation by Spatial Domain Multiplexing (SDM), Optical Angular Momentum (OAM) multiplexing, and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is used in combination to achieve significant increase in optical communication channel bandwidth over the prior art. The launching light sources may be positioned such that the light beams are incident on the receiving end of the carrier optical fiber at desired angles including complementary angles. Crosstalk between optical communication channels is minimal. The communication bandwidth of a TDM system may be increased by an order of magnitude due the layered WDM/SDM/OAM data multiplexing of the invention.

Abstract: A novel computational QSAR approach that provides sub-molecular correlations that are specific to individual lobes of the pertinent molecular orbitals.

Abstract: An optical-to-optical inline spatial domain multiplexing (SDM) de-multiplexer for SDM communication comprising a plurality of concentric core layers each having a beveled output end and a cladding layer concentrically surrounding each core layer. The cladding layer has an index that is lower than the index of the core layer it surrounds. Also included is a system for SDM communication comprising at least one optical source to transmit optical energy, an SDM optical carrier fiber to receive optical energy from the source and output a plurality of SDM signals, a SDM de-multiplexer as described above wherein the SDM signals output from the carrier fiber are each incident upon one of the core layers, optical output fibers positioned to couple SDM signals from each cladding layer, and a photodetector communicatively coupled to the outputs of the optical output fibers to couple the SDM signals output from the optical output fibers.

Abstract: A free space optical receiver comprising a photodetector and a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle comprises a plurality of optical fibers splayed apart at one of their ends to receive free space optical energy from multiple directions. The splayed apart ends of the plurality of optical fibers may create a hemispherical shape. Each of the plurality of optical fibers has an acceptance cone for which it couples optical energy into the splayed end of the optical fiber. The acceptance cones of the splayed ends of the plurality of optical fibers may overlap to form an omnidirectional acceptance zone. The other, non-splayed ends of the plurality of optical fibers are communicatively coupled to the photodetector, which is positioned to receive the free space optical energy from the non-splayed ends of the plurality of optical fibers. An optical communication system including the free space optical receiver is also described.

Abstract: A photoacid includes a nucleophilic (NuH) moiety having a photodissociable proton, an electron accepting (EA) moiety, and a bridge structure (X) bonded to both the NuH moiety and EA moiety positioned between the NuH and EA moieties. The NuH and EA moieties each include respective structure so that the EA moiety bonds to a proton photodissociated form of the NuH moiety during a reversible photoinduced intramolecular reaction to form a ring, which has been found to significantly increase the lifetime of the proton dissociation state.

Abstract: A multiplexed optical communication system comprising a carrier optical fiber, a plurality of launching light sources, and a matching plurality of multiplexer/demultiplexers and photodetectors is described and claimed. Optical communication channel separation by Spatial Domain Multiplexing (SDM), Optical Angular Momentum (OAM) multiplexing, and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is used in combination to achieve significant increase in optical communication channel bandwidth over the prior art. The launching light sources may be positioned such that the light beams are incident on the receiving end of the carrier optical fiber at desired angles including complementary angles. Crosstalk between optical communication channels is minimal. The communication bandwidth of a TDM system may be increased by an order of magnitude due the layered WDM/SDM/OAM data multiplexing of the invention.

Abstract: A vertically rotating grooming attachment brush comprising a brush hub and bristles, and method for cleaning a surface having organic biofouling. The bristles extend from the brush hub and are positioned at or near its outer rim. One or more rows of bristles can be included. The bristles can be grooming bristles or shroud bristles or a combination of the two. A rigid or elastomeric shroud or skirt can also be included about the edge of the brush hub. Vertical rotation of the grooming attachment brush causes a low pressure region to build in the central area of the brush hub. This low pressure region creates a force that forcefully attracts the grooming attachment brush to the surface to be cleaned.

Abstract: A free space optical receiver comprising a photodetector and a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle comprises a plurality of optical fibers splayed apart at one of their ends to receive free space optical energy from multiple directions. The splayed apart ends of the plurality of optical fibers may create a hemispherical shape. Each of the plurality of optical fibers has an acceptance cone for which it couples optical energy into the splayed end of the optical fiber. The acceptance cones of the splayed ends of the plurality of optical fibers may overlap to form an omnidirectional acceptance zone. The other, non-splayed ends of the plurality of optical fibers are communicatively coupled to the photodetector, which is positioned to receive the free space optical energy from the non-splayed ends of the plurality of optical fibers. An optical communication system including the free space optical receiver is also described.

Abstract: An optical-to-optical inline spatial domain multiplexing (SDM) de-multiplexer for SDM communication comprising a plurality of concentric core layers each having a beveled output end and a cladding layer concentrically surrounding each core layer. The cladding layer has an index that is lower than the index of the core layer it surrounds. Also included is a system for SDM communication comprising at least one optical source to transmit optical energy, an SDM optical carrier fiber to receive optical energy from the source and output a plurality of SDM signals, a SDM de-multiplexer as described above wherein the SDM signals output from the carrier fiber are each incident upon one of the core layers, optical output fibers positioned to couple SDM signals from each cladding layer, and a photodetector communicatively coupled to the outputs of the optical output fibers to couple the SDM signals output from the optical output fibers.

Abstract: A bipod robotic walking apparatus consisting of two feet on the coupler link of a spherical four-bar linkage, for movement in a forward or rearward direction by repeated motions of the four-bar linkage. Three four-bar linkages may be connected in tandem to form a hexapod with three points of contact with the ground.