Abstract: A method for reacting a liquid phase chemical species includes the steps of providing liquid phase containing at least one liquid phase chemical species, providing a gas phase, and providing a reactor vessel for containing the liquid phase and the gas phase. The liquid phase and the gas phase are placed in the reactor vessel so as to form a liquid-gas interface between the liquid phase and the gas phase within the reactor vessel. A pulsed discharge cathode and anode are provided for creating a pulsed discharge electric field at the liquid-gas interface. A pulsed power input to the pulsed discharge cathode and anode is provided, thereby creating a plasma comprising ions at the liquid-gas interface. A secondary electric field is directed transverse to the liquid-gas interface, wherein the secondary electric field will drive ions from the gas phase into the liquid phase to react with the liquid phase species.

Abstract: The present invention provides for polycrystalline superconducting permanent magnets which are synthesized of doped superconducting (AE) Fe2As2 compounds, where AE denotes an alkaline earth metal, such as Ba, Sr, Mg or Ca. The superconducting permanent magnets of the present invention can be magnetized in their superconducting state by induced currents, resulting in trapped magnetization that scales with the size of the bulk material. The magnitude of the trapped field has been demonstrated to be over 1 T and is predicted to be over 10 T if the technology is scaled, which is much higher than the capabilities of permanent magnets and other superconducting polycrystalline bulks currently known in the art.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns materials and methods for expansion of stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), that improve translational success of the cells in the treatment of various conditions. The subject invention utilizes cell self-aggregation as a non-genetic means to enhance their therapeutic potency in a microcarrier bioreactor. In one embodiment of the method cells are cultured in a container or vessel in the presence of thermally responsive microcarriers (TRMs) wherein cells adhere to the surface of the TRMs. After a period of time the cell culture temperature is reduced so that the cells detach from the TRMs. The detached cells are allowed to form 3D aggregates. The 3D aggregates can be collected and treated to dissociate the cells. Dissociated cells can then be used for transplantation in methods of treatment or for in vitro characterization and study.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the use of compounds and compositions for the treatment or prevention of Flavivirus infections, such as dengue virus infections and Zika virus infections. Aspects of the invention include methods for treating or preventing Flavivirus virus infection, such as dengue virus and Zika virus infection, by administering a compound or composition of the invention, to a subject in need thereof; methods for inhibiting Flavivirus infections, such as dengue virus and Zika virus infections, in a cell in vitro or in vivo; pharmaceutical compositions; packaged dosage formulations; and kits useful for treating or preventing Flavivirus infections, such as dengue virus and Zika virus infections.

Abstract: Fluorescent collagen a1(I) and a2(I) mRNA compounds can be used to detect whether a test compound affects the binding of collagen a1(I) and/or a2(I) mRNAs to LARP6 protein. Fluorescent collagen a1(I) and a2(I) mRNA compounds include collagen a1(I) and a2(I) mRNA sequences that have been tagged with a fluorophore and have LARP6 binding affinity.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compositions comprising at least one niclosamide compound, such as niclosamide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one permeability enhancer, such as glycerol or dimethylpalmityl-ammonio propanesulfonate (PPS), and their use of such compositions as niclosamide agents. Advantageously, the niclosamide compound is capable of being transported across a Caco-2 cell membrane by at least 150% relative to the amount capable of being transported across the Caco-2 cell membrane in the absence of the permeability enhancer. Compositions, including oral dosage forms, and methods for delivering niclosamide compounds, such as for treatment or prevention of human coronavirus infections, are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are techniques for making low-carbon steels with high surface hardness. A technique includes heating a low-carbon steel precursor material in a furnace to form molten steel material, increasing the free oxygen content of the molten steel material to a predetermined level, and then solidifying the molten steel material having the predetermined oxygen level to produce a steel structure by cooling the molten steel material at a predetermined cooling rate. The predetermined oxygen level and the predetermined cooling rate are effective to produce the low-carbon steel with a high surface hardness. The low-carbon steel may have inclusions smaller than about 1 ?m.

Abstract: Methods of passivating a surface. The methods may include providing a mixture including a liquid and a derivative of quinacridone, applying the mixture to a first surface of a film that includes a metal halide perovskite, and annealing the film for a time and a temperature effective to convert the derivative of quinacridone to quinacridone. Composite materials and electronic devices also are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are non-naturally occurring zebrafish, such as transgenic zebrafish, which comprise a mutation in the rhodopsin (rho) gene. Also disclosed are methods of identifying compounds useful in treating retinal-specific defects and disorders, such as degeneration. Further disclosed are methods of identifying mutations in the rhodopsin gene that can cause retinal-specific defects.

Abstract: Various implementations include solar thermal energy collection system comprising a solar energy concentrator, a heat transfer fluid, an absorber pipe. The absorber pipe includes a pipe wall and has a central longitudinal axis. The pipe wall has an inner surface and an outer surface. The inner surface has a first contour defining alternating peaks and troughs along a length of the absorber pipe. The outer surface has a second contour defining alternating peaks and troughs along the length of the absorber pipe. The inner surface defines the entire flow path for the heat transfer fluid through the absorber pipe. The first contour, as viewed through an axial cross section of the absorber pipe, forms sinusoidal waves on each side of and spaced apart from the central longitudinal axis. The sinusoidal waves on each side of the central longitudinal axis are symmetrical with respect to the central longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A solid conductor including: a compound represented by Formula 1, a compound represented by Formula 2, or a combination thereof Li1+x+y?zTa2?xMxP1?yQyO8?zXz??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, M is an element having an oxidation number of +4, Q is an element having an oxidation number of +4, X is a halogen, a pseudohalogen, or a combination thereof, and 0?x?2, 0?y<1, and 0?z?2, except that cases i) x and y and z are simultaneously 0, ii) M is Hf, X is F, x is 1, y is 0, and z is 1, iii) M is Hf, X is Cl, x is 2, y is 0, and z is 2, and iv) M is Hf, X is F, x is 2, y is 0, and z is 2, Li1+x+y?zTa2?xMxP1?yQyO8·zLiX??Formula 2 wherein, in Formula 2, M is an element having an oxidation number of +4, Q is an element having an oxidation number of +4, X is a halogen, a pseudohalogen, or a combination thereof, and 0?x?2, 0?y<1, and 0?z2, except that cases i) x and y and z are simultaneously 0, ii) M is Hf, X is F, x is 1, y is 0, and z is 1, iii) M is Hf, X is Cl, x is 2, y is 0, and z is 2, and iv)

Abstract: A new type of charge transport layer based on organometal halide perovskite for highly efficient organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is demonstrated. By solution processing of halide perovskite precursors, smooth essentially pure perovskite thin films may be prepared with high transparency and conductivity. Solution processed multilayer OLED with this perovskite-based hole transport layer outperforms a device with a PEDOT:PSS layer.

Abstract: Devices and methods of allocating distributed energy resources (DERs) to loads connected to a microgrid based on the cost of the DERs are provided. The devices and methods may determine one or more microgrid measurements. The devices and methods may determine one or more real-time electricity prices associated with utility generation sources. The devices and methods may determine one or more forecasts. The devices and methods may determine a cost associated with one or more renewable energy sources within the microgrid. The devices and methods may determine an allocation of the renewable sources to one or more loads in the microgrid.

Abstract: A high temperature superconductor (HTS) cable comprising at least one coil form comprising a helical channel formed on an exterior surface of the coil form and the helical channel extending at least partially along an axial length of the coil form and a plurality of high temperature superconductor (HTS) tape layers positioned within the helical channel of the coil form. A method for operating a winding machine to produce a high temperature superconductor (HTS) cable comprising a plurality of coil forms comprising a helical channel formed on an exterior surface of the coil form.

Abstract: A dual multi-level inverter topology with reduced switch count and small DC-link capacitor is provided. The inverter topology provides multi-level inverter operation without requiring a neutral point connection that is commonly present in a stacked capacitor topology (for example, a topology including two capacitors).

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for removing caps, such as NMR rotor caps. The apparatuses and methods may permit caps to be removed in a manner that minimizes damage to equipment and instruments. The apparatuses may include a plate defining an aperture, and two screws arranged in the plate, such as a tightening screw and at least one pushing screw.

Abstract: Disclosed are multi-block polymers and blends thereof having high electrical conductivity and adhesion. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the same.

Abstract: Methods of forming arenes, including asymmetrical arenes, such as asymmetrical pyrene derivatives. Substituents of starting materials may be selected to direct a photochemical cascade and possibly a 1,2-aryl shift. The methods may include a Mallory cyclization, which is controlled, at least in part, by substituents of the starting materials. Compounds and compositions including asymmetrical arenes.

Abstract: An improved magnetic-levitation-based low-gravity simulator (MLS) is provided. The MLS comprises one or more gradient-field Maxwell coils that are provided within a superconducting magnet. When a current is provided to the one or more Maxwell coils and the superconducting magnet, a simulated low-gravity region is produced within the MLS. An object may be provided within this low-gravity region and may levitate within the region. The MLS may be used to test the impacts of low-gravity environments (for example, extraterrestrial environments) on different types of objects. Compared to an existing solenoid MLS, the improved MLS described herein includes a much larger volume low-gravity region at a lower energy expenditure.

Abstract: A compound of Formula 1 Li1+(4?a)?Hf2??Ma?(PO4??)3??(1) is disclosed, wherein M is at least one cationic element having a valence of a, wherein 0<???, 1?a?4, and 0???0.1. Also described are an electrolyte composition, a separator, a protected positive electrode, a protected negative electrode, and a lithium battery, each including the compound of Formula 1.