Abstract: A method for signal suppression by increasing entropy in a system includes iteratively applying a set of electromagnetic (EM) pulses to the system, the set of EM pulses effecting swaps between the following pairs of system energy levels: a first system energy level in which the reset system is in a highest energy level and the target system is in a lowest target system energy level, and a corresponding second system energy level in which the reset system is in a highest energy level and the target system is in a highest target system energy level, and waiting a time period. This will suppress the signal of the target element. This for example can be a signal of a solvent in NMR.

Abstract: A method for training machine learning models for making medical images such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images from accelerated MRI scans that are shorter compared to standard scans. The method includes techniques for evaluations of the performance of the model which also provides new metrics and loss functions for training the models. The method also involves a technique for new designs for the machine learning models that combines the advantages and the best of different machine learning models for this application. The method also contains a step for fine-tuning task and condition-specific models that outperforms the performance for any generic model that is trained for all conditions and applications. The method also has a method for expanding the dataset used for training the models by generating new data samples and augmenting the data.

Abstract: A method for signal suppression by increasing entropy in a system includes iteratively applying a set of electromagnetic (EM) pulses to the system, the set of EM pulses effecting swaps between the following pairs of system energy levels: a first system energy level in which the reset system is in a highest energy level and the target system is in a lowest target system energy level, and a corresponding second system energy level in which the reset system is in a highest energy level and the target system is in a highest target system energy level, and waiting a time period. This will suppress the signal of the target element. This for example can be a signal of a solvent in NMR.