Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of rapid detection of molecules, and specifically relates to a method for rapid fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) and chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) based on electrokinetic acceleration. The method includes the following steps sequentially: S1. sample acceleration: applying an actuating signal to a chip on which a target molecule is dripped to obtain a chip binding to the target molecule, where the chip includes an electrode sheet and coating molecules is immobilized on the electrode sheet; and S2. secondary antibody acceleration: adding a secondary antibody for binding to the target molecule dropwise on the chip binding to the target molecule, and applying an actuating signal to the chip to obtain a chip binding to the secondary antibody. The method can effectively improve a rate of FIA and CLIA, and can speed up a detection process and meet the need for rapid point-of-care testing (POCT).