Abstract: There is described a topical formulation. The topical formulation comprises: (i) diclofenac or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, (ii) a first compound, and (iii) a second compound. The first compound and second compound are different, and each is selected from the group consisting essentially of N-lauroyl sarcosine, sodium octyl sulfate, methyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, oleic acid, glyceryl oleate and sodium lauryl sulfoacetate. It has been discovered that certain combination of compounds are excellent penetration enhancers and, as such, can be incorporated in a topical formulation to facilitate administration of diclofenac or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The increased penetration enhancement can also lead to a reduction in the total concentration of skin irritants in the formulation.

Abstract: There is described a topical formulation. The topical formulation comprises: (i) diclofenac or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, (ii) a first compound, and (iii) a second compound. The first compound and second compound are different, and each is selected from the group consisting essentially of N-lauroyl sarcosine, sodium octyl sulfate, methyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, oleic acid, glyceryl oleate and sodium lauryl sulfoacetate. It has been discovered that certain combination of compounds are excellent penetration enhancers and, as such, can be incorporated in a topical formulation to facilitate administration of diclofenac or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The increased penetration enhancement can also lead to a reduction in the total concentration of skin irritants in the formulation.

Abstract: A liquid dispenser that uses rotary motion to create a relative movement between one or more dispensing elements and one or more receivers is disclosed. The dispensing elements are fluidically coupled to one or more reservoirs, which contain ingredients that are to be dispensed by the dispensing elements into one or more receivers. The receivers are disposed on a receiver support structure that is located beneath the dispensing elements. In some embodiments, the dispenser operates according to a quasi-continuous dispensing protocol or quasi-simultaneous dispensing protocol, or both quasi-continuous and quasi-simultaneous dispensing protocol.

Abstract: A system and for creating multiple mixtures is disclosed. The illustrative system described herein includes dispensing elements that are moved into alignment with various receivers (or vice versa) to deliver ingredients. In some embodiments, the system requires only one dispensing element (e.g., valve, nozzle, orifice, etc.) per ingredient dispensed, irrespective of the number of receivers in the system. In accordance with the principles of this invention, the system is operated such that a plurality of ingredients are incrementally added to the receivers. Incremental addition is performed in such a way that, from the “perspective” of the mixture being formed, the ingredients are added quasi-continuously (i.e., a near-continuous flow of an ingredient) or quasi-simultaneously (i.e., all ingredients are added at nearly the same time), or both.

Abstract: A fluid-handling system capable, in various embodiments, of storing, mixing, and dispensing fluids, and also regulating the flow of fluids. The system includes a cartridge having a non-expandable housing, and a bladder within the housing. In some variations, a drive-liquid is introduced into a region between the housing and the bladder, which causes fluid contained within the bladder to dispense. In some other variations, the drive-liquid is introduced into the bladder, which causes the bladder to expand and expel fluid that is contained with the housing.