Abstract: An audio encoder has a window function controller, a windower, a time warper with a final quality check functionality, a time/frequency converter, a TNS stage or a quantizer encoder, the window function controller, the time warper, the TNS stage or an additional noise filling analyzer are controlled by signal analysis results obtained by a time warp analyzer or a signal classifier. Furthermore, a decoder applies a noise filling operation using a manipulated noise filling estimate depending on a harmonic or speech characteristic of the audio signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sound transducer for producing sound vibrations, which can be inserted in an ear and can be used in particular for an implantable hearing aid. The sound transducer has at least one carrier layer and at least one piezoelectric layer, as a result of which a deflection via a bimorph principle is achieved, or a deflection can be detected by picking up a voltage.

Abstract: A monitor for representing autostereoscopically, three-dimensionally perceivable pictures includes a matrix screen with a multitude of subpixels which are arranged in lines and columns and which may be changed in their illumination intensity and may be put together into a multitude of picture points, a control device for activating the subpixels in dependence on picture information of at least two stereoscopic fields, in a manner such that the picture points are divided in at least two subgroups for reproducing in each case one of the fields, and a barrier raster, with which light coming from the picture points of each of the subgroups may be led into in each case one of several observation zones which lie in a laterally displaced manner, said one of several observation zones being assigned to this subgroup by way of this.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing a sample for microstructural materials diagnostics, especially for transmission electron microscopy examinations, for scanning electron microscopy examinations for transmission electron-backscatter diffraction, for Rutheford backscatter diffraction, for elastic recoil detection analysis, for X-ray absorption spectroscopy or for X-ray diffraction, comprising detaching a basic structure from a preferably flat substrate by irradiating the substrate with a high energy beam, preferably with a laser beam, wherein the basic structure comprises a supported structure being supported by a supporting structure, preferably a cantilever beam which is supported at least at one of its both ends, preferably at both of its ends, by the supporting structure, the supporting structure being configured to be held by a jig, preferably to be clamped in the jig, and thinning the supported structure at least in sections by cutting, preferably by grazing, its surface, preferably at least at one of its lateral

Abstract: In an embodiment, bitstream elements of sub-frames are encoded differentially to a global gain value so that a change of the global gain value results in an adjustment of an output level of the decoded representation of the audio content. Concurrently, the differential coding saves bits. Even further, the differential coding enables the lowering of the burden of globally adjusting the gain of an encoded bitstream. In another embodiment, a global gain control across CELP coded frames and transform coded frames is achieved by co-controlling the gain of the codebook excitation of the CELP codec, along with a level of the transform or inverse transform of the transform coded frames. In another embodiment, the gain value determination in CELP coding is performed in the weighted domain of the excitation signal.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method and an arrangement for coding transform coefficients in picture and/or video coders and decoders and a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer-readable storage medium, which can particularly be employed as a novel efficient method for binary-arithmetic coding transform coefficients in the field of video coding. For this, it is suggested that, for blocks of (video) pictures containing significant transform coefficients, coding of the transform coefficients takes place in such a way that, for each block in a scan process, the positions of significant transform coefficients in the block and subsequently, in a reverse scan order—starting from the last significant transform coefficient within the block—the values (levels) of the significant transform coefficients are determined and coded.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for coating surfaces of a substrate (8) according to the technique of plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition. The basic idea of the present invention is to increase the ion concentration prevailing in the plasma so as to have more ions accumulate on the substrate (8) and to promote layer growth (12). According to the invention, the ion concentration is increased by forming a so-called fireball at the surface of the substrate (8) to be coated. The term fireball refers to the ionization processes that occur on electrode surfaces (2) as spontaneous small brightly luminescent phenomena in plasma processes. To this end, an electrode (2) is introduced into an existing background plasma and connected to a positive potential (4).

Abstract: The present invention describes a method and an arrangement for coding transform coefficients in picture and/or video coders and decoders and a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer-readable storage medium, which can particularly be employed as a novel efficient method for binary-arithmetic coding transform coefficients in the field of video coding. For this, it is suggested that, for blocks of (video) pictures containing significant transform coefficients, coding of the transform coefficients takes place in such a way that, for each block in a scan process, the positions of significant transform coefficients in the block and subsequently, in a reverse scan order—starting from the last significant transform coefficient within the block—the values (levels) of the significant transform coefficients are determined and coded.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of hydroxylated protoilludenes and/or sesquiterpenoid protoilludene-type aryl esters using newly identified genes that can be employed. The present invention accordingly relates to a host microorganism that has been transformed with the newly identified nucleotide sequences and to methods employing the transformed microorganism.

Abstract: An optically end-pumped amplifier with a plate-shaped optical gain medium has a plurality of pump laser units for optically pumping the gain medium through at least one of the narrow side surfaces thereof. The pump laser units are designed such that the pump laser radiation, upon passing through the gain medium, has an elongated beam cross section having a short axis and a long axis running parallel to the main surfaces of the gain medium and propagates freely through the gain medium with respect to the short axis. They are arranged such that in each case the principal axes of the beam bundles of the pump laser units impinge on one of the pumped side surfaces in a plane perpendicular to the short axis at an angle to one another, wherein the beam cross sections of the beam bundles are superimposed on one another.

Abstract: A combined Gain-SOA (Semiconductor Optical Amplifier) Chip is provided for forming a hybrid laser by a combination with an external reflector, the Gain-SOA Chip comprising a gain section and an SOA section, wherein an optical grating is arranged between the gain section and the SOA section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a miniaturized separation column for chromatographic purposes including a porous stationary phase anchored in the column, including the following steps: (a) preparing a flat substrate of silicon, glass, glass ceramic or ceramic; (b) etching at least one channel structure into the flat substrate; (c) introducing a non-porous precursor material for the porous stationary phase into at least one portion of the channel structure (s); (d) forming a porous, three-dimensional network from the precursor material; and (e) fluid-tight covering of the channel structure(s) on the top side of the flat substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical amplifier arrangement for amplifying ultra-short pulsed laser radiation comprising a mode-locked laser (1) and two or more optical amplifiers (3) arranged downstream of the laser (1) in the propagation direction of the laser radiation. Optical amplifier arrangements of this type are known in the prior art. Here the intention is to present an alternative to the known amplifier arrangements. The invention proposes arranging between the laser (1) and the optical amplifiers (3) at least one splitting element (2) which splits the pulsed laser radiation between a plurality of amplifier channels (4), wherein each amplifier channel (4) has at least one optical amplifier (3), and wherein at least one common combination element (5) is disposed downstream of the amplifier channels (4) and coherently superimposes the pulsed laser radiation amplified in the amplifier channels (4).

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a merged audio data stream is provided. The apparatus includes a demultiplexer for obtaining a plurality of single-layer audio data streams, wherein each input audio data stream includes one or more layers, wherein the demultiplexer is adapted to demultiplex each one of one or more input audio data streams having one or more layers into two or more demultiplexed audio data streams having exactly one layer. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a merging module for generating the merged audio data stream based on the plurality of single-layer audio data streams. Each layer of the input data audio streams, of the demultiplexed audio data streams, of the single-layer data streams and of the merged audio data stream includes a pressure value of a pressure signal, a position value and a diffuseness value as audio data.

Abstract: A pixel cell, and a method of use thereof, the pixel cell including: an output, a photosensor configured to generate a first measuring current in a first measurement cycle and a second measuring current in a second measurement cycle as a function of radiation, an output node, a power storage device configured so that in a first operating mode a current can be injected by the power storage device as a function of the first measuring current, and so that in a second operating mode the power storage device is configured to hold the injected current so that the injected current can be detected at the output node, and a switching unit configured to form a difference between the injected current and the second measuring current at the output node in a reading cycle and to couple the output node to the output.

Abstract: A dielectric elastomer has a film that contains a fluorinated silicone elastomer and has two faces. A coating of a stretchable electrode material is applied to each one of the two faces. The fluorinated silicone elastomer has a modulus of elasticity of maximally 450 kPa. The fluorinated silicone elastomer is a three-dimensionally crosslinked, fluorinated, alkyl group-containing polysiloxane in combination with a fluorinated silicone oil. Alternatively, or in addition, the fluorinated silicone elastomer is a three-dimensional wide-mesh crosslinked, fluorinated, alkyl-group containing polysiloxane whose wide mesh property has been effected by a chain length extension by addition of a chain-shaped silicone molecule containing two Si—H groups to an alkenyl group-containing polysiloxane molecule.

Abstract: The invention relates to a culture substrate having thermoresponsive microgel particles that have a thermoresponsive polymer and modulator particles fixed to the carrier area of the substrate. The modulator can be a substance that has an adhesion capability with biological cells or a substance that causes cellular reactions that are inducible to binding to surface receptors of biological cells. Methods for preparation and use in culturing cells are given.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for determining the permeation rate of barrier materials, with which in a measuring chamber (8.7) which has at least two shut-off elements (81; 8.2) for opening and closing, a concentration of at least one permeate is determined which, present as a test gas with a constant concentration in a test gas chamber (8.3), is permeated into the measuring chamber (8.7) through a barrier element (8.5) which is arranged between the test gas chamber (8.3) and the measuring chamber (8.7) and which has a known permeable surface (A).

Abstract: Wheel hub and method for forming a wheel hub. Wheel hub includes a rim having a circumferential surface with axial ends, and one rim flange being arranged at each axial end of the circumferential surface. The rim includes a fiber-reinforced plastic as a main component and each of the rim flanges is releasably connectable to the rim.

Abstract: An error correcting encoder includes an error correcting data generator for receiving payload data belonging to a first category, for receiving payload data belonging to a second category, for determining first error correcting data for the first category payload data, and for determining second error correcting data for the second category payload data. The error correcting encoder further includes an interleaver for interleaving at least the second error correcting data and the second category payload data with each other. A first interleaving length relative to an interleaving of the first error correcting data and the first category payload data differs from a second interleaving length relative to the interleaving of the second error correcting data and the second category payload data. A corresponding error correcting decoder and methods for error correcting encoding/decoding are also disclosed.