Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods of treating lymphoma that expresses a short histone H2A variant. In some embodiments, the method can comprise collecting a sample from a subject having or suspected of having lymphoma, detecting a short histone H2A variant (sH2A) expression level in the sample collected from the subject, and administering to the subject a therapeutically effective dose of an anthracycline agent, if the subject has sH2A variant expression level that is detectable. In other embodiments, the sH2A is the H2A.B variant. In other embodiments, the anthracycline agent can be aclarubicin.

Abstract: Cancer combination therapies utilizing a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor in combination with a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage pathway precursor are described. Cancers treated with the combination therapies can be nicotinamide riboside kinase (NMRK1) low cancers and/or Myc high cancers and can include various forms of glioblastomas.

Abstract: Methods for preparing ex vivo T cell cultures using IL-21 compositions for use in adoptive immunotherapy are described. Addition of IL-21 to cultures of non-terminally differentiated T cells population, either isolated or present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are exposed to one or more tumor antigens, and in the presence of IL-21 compositions and antigen presenting cells (APCs), the resulting T cell population has an enhanced antigen-specificity, and can be reintroduced into the patient. Methods are also disclosed for identifying tumor antigens by culturing T cell populations exposed to IL-21 compositions and APCs in the presence of tumor material.

Abstract: Systems and methods to tag cells in a tissue sample with spatial identifiers, so that spatial reconstruction of cell locations within a tissue can be achieved after tissue disaggregation are described. The systems and methods allow the control or directing of specific spatial identifiers spatially within or throughout a tissue to individual cells or to a small population of cells so that cell position can be determined by computational deconvolution of the spatial identifiers after tissue disaggregation. The systems and methods can be combined with single cell expression analysis to correlate cell types with cell location within a structure, such as a tumor.

Abstract: Systems and methods to selectively protect therapeutic cells by reducing CD33 expression in the therapeutic cells and targeting non-therapeutic cells with an anti-CD33 therapy. The selective protection results in the enrichment of the therapeutic cells while simultaneously targeting any diseased, malignant and/or non-therapeutic CD33 expressing cells within a subject.

Abstract: A method of carrying out adoptive immunotherapy by administering a subject an antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) preparation in a treatment-effective amount is described. In the method, the CTL preparation is preferably administered as a preparation of an in vitro antigen-stimulated and expanded primate CTL population, the CTL population: (i) depleted of FoxP3+T lymphocytes prior to antigen stimulation; (ii) antigen-stimulated in vitro in the presence of interleukin-21; or (iii) both depleted of FoxP3+T lymphocytes prior to antigen stimulation and then antigen-stimulated in vitro in the presence of interleukin-21. Methods of preparing such compositions, and compositions useful for carrying out the adoptive immunotherapy, are also described.

Abstract: This disclosure provides compositions and related methods providing targeted cell-specific inhibition of Notch receptor signaling. The disclosure provides a bi-specific molecule with separate domains that target the intended cell-type and the Notch receptor on that cell-type. The disclosure also provides for nucleic acids, vectors, and cells allowing for the expression of the bi-specific fusion molecules. The disclosure also provides related methods of making and using the bi-specific fusion molecule to inhibit Notch signaling in target cells of interest, including for the treatment of diseases characterized by a dysregulation of Notch signaling.

Abstract: Siderocalin-metal chelator combinations that bind metallic radioisotopes used in nuclear medicine with high affinity are described. The high affinity siderocalin-metal chelator combinations include a number of chelator backbone arrangements with functional groups that coordinate with metals. The siderocalin-metal chelator combinations can be used to deliver radionuclides for imaging and therapeutic purposes.

Abstract: Nanoparticles to genetically modify selected cell types within a biological sample that has been subjected to reduced or minimal manipulation are described. The nanoparticles deliver all components required for precise genome engineering and overcome numerous drawbacks associated with current clinical practices to genetically engineer cells for therapeutic purposes.

Abstract: A method of measuring immunocompetence is described. This method provides a means for assessing the effects of diseases or conditions that compromise the immune system and of therapies aimed to reconstitute it. This method is based on quantifying T-cell diversity by calculating the number of diverse T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain variable regions from blood cells.

Abstract: Circular handed alpha-helical repeat proteins are described. The repeat proteins have a number of uses as scaffolds for geometrically precise, arrayed presentation of cell-signaling or immune-related protein and peptide epitopes, as well as numerous other therapeutic, diagnostic, and nanotechnological uses.

Abstract: Cell-stored barcoded viral protein deep mutational scanning libraries are described. The libraries can be used to map resistance mutations to therapeutic treatments. The libraries can be used to predict viruses that become resistant to therapeutic compounds and/or may more easily evolve to infect new species. The libraries can also be used to more safely study dangerous viruses that normally require high safety biocontainment facilities. The libraries include features that allow efficient collection and assessment of informative data, obviating many bottlenecks of previous approaches.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and compositions for increasing sensitivity, or decreasing resistance, of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents such as kinase inhibitor agents. In some embodiments, the cancer cells are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The methods and compositions can be integrated into methods of treatment of a subject with cancer, which can further comprise administering a chemotherapeutic agent such as kinase inhibitor agents. In another aspect, the disclosure provides a method for profiling the kinome of a cell or group of similar cells that incorporates kinase capture reagents and mass spectrometry analysis.

Abstract: Newborn screening for primary immunodeficiencies, cystinosis, and Wilson disease is described. The newborn screening can detect these disorders from dried blood spots already routinely collected at the time of birth. Early detection of these disorders will greatly improve patient outcome as each of them can be fatal once symptoms emerge.

Abstract: Sequential immunization strategies to guide the maturation of antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are described. The sequential immunization strategies utilize an HIV envelope protein (Env) that binds germline (gl) B cells as a first (prime) immunization and an Env with a functional glycosylated N276 as a second (boost) immunization. The sequential immunization strategies successfully elicit neutralizing antibodies against HIV.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a panel of nucleic acid molecule primers specific for HLA-specific alleles and other genetic polymorphisms, which are useful for quantitatively amplifying these markers to detect, diagnose, and monitor individuals who have or are at risk of certain disease conditions, such as autoimmune disease, proliferative disease, infectious disease, allograft rejection, or pregnancy-related pathologies.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions, kits, and methods of promoting neural growth and/or neural survival using IL-17c. The compositions, kits, and methods can be used to promote neural growth and/or neural survival in a variety of conditions where such growth and survival is beneficial.

Abstract: The disclosure provides in some aspect methods and compositions related to culturing and engineering T cells that maintain less differentiated state. The T cells are cultured in conditions that induce Notch signaling The resulting T cells exhibit maintenance of a less differentiated state for prolonged periods and have reduced susceptibility to exhaustion. Also provided are the cells produced by the methods, as well as related compositions and methods of use for adoptive therapy.

Abstract: Anti-Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) antibodies and vaccines are described herein. The antibodies and vaccines can be used to treat and/or reduce the risk of EBV infection and to treat and/or reduce the risk of complications associated with EBV infection, such as infectious mononucleosis, lymphoproliferative disorders, carcinomas, and smooth muscle tumors.

Abstract: The present invention features modified polynucleotide sequences that mimic host cell DNA and methods of using such sequences for the genetic engineering of bacteria that are otherwise genetically intractable.