Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining in an expedient manner and with minimal sample consumption the structure of an unknown carbohydrate by using ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) in negative ionization mode and fragmentation and a database containing structures of carbohydrates and/or of the fragments of the negative ions of carbohydrates, and for each of the structures of the target carbohydrates the collision cross section value and the mass-to-charge ratio value of the negative ion thereof, and for each of the structures of the fragments of the negative ions of the target carbohydrates the collision cross section value and the mass-to-charge ratio value of the fragment of the negative ion of the target carbohydrate.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an amphiphilic block copolymer comprising a first block consisting of a polymeric hydrophilic domain, wherein the polymeric hydrophilic domain consists of a polyglycerol; an optional second block consisting of a hydrophobic domain and a first linker domain, wherein the second block is covalently bound to the first block via the first linker domain, an optional third block consisting of a catechol domain and a second linker domain, wherein the third block is covalently bound to the first block via the second linker domain; and a fourth block consisting of a crosslinking domain and a third linker domain, wherein the fourth block is covalently bound to the first block via the third linker domain, wherein the crosslinking domain comprises a reactive residue enabling a crosslinking between individual molecules of the amphiphilic block copolymer.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for providing original data that can be used for subsequently determining the function of an organ of a living organism or for subsequently diagnosing a disease or a severity of a disease of an organ of a living organism. This method is characterized by several steps, one of which is administering a marker substance to a living organism by inhalation, wherein the marker substance has a vapor pressure above 0.01 mmHg at 37° C. In other method steps, the concentration of this marker substance in exhaled air is determined at at least two different time points. Then, a difference in marker substance concentration is calculated.

Abstract: The invention refers to a process for producing a fluorinated alkene, in particular X1n—CFmCF?CH2 comprising the steps of a) providing a at least one fluorinated alkene of the general formula (I) X1n—CFmCF?CF2, wherein n is 0, 1, 2, 3; X1 is H, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl, m is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, in at least one donor solvent; b) adding at least one reducing agent selected from the group of organic aluminum hydrides (alanes), gallium hydrides (gallanes) or boron hydrides (boranes); and c) reacting the mixture of the fluorinated alkene according to formula (I) and the at least one reducing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining in an expedient manner and with minimal sample consumption the structure of an unknown carbohydrate by using ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) in negative ionization mode and fragmentation and a database containing structures of carbohydrates and/or of the fragments of the negative ions of carbohydrates, and for each of the structures of the target carbohydrates the collision cross section value and the mass-to-charge ratio value of the negative ion thereof, and for each of the structures of the fragments of the negative ions of the target carbohydrates the collision cross section value and the mass-to-charge ratio value of the fragment of the negative ion of the target carbohydrate.

Abstract: An article, comprising a substrate and a polymer film attached to the substrate is provided, the polymer film comprising a first layer of a first polymer functionalized by a first functionalization compound covalently bound to said first polymer and bearing at least one catecholic group being present on a surface of the first layer. The polymer film is a layered film, a top layer of which is formed by the first layer, the layered film comprising at least one further layer of at least one further polymer functionalized by a further functionalization compound covalently bound to said further polymer and bearing at least one catecholic group being present on a surface of the at least one further layer, wherein an average ratio of catecholic groups per polymer molecule is equal to or less than 1 in case of the first polymer and greater than 1 in case of the further polymer.

Abstract: It is provided a nanogel compound comprising a) a nanogel matrix component chosen from the group consisting of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropyl methacrylamide), poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-ethylmethacrylamide), polyglycerol, polyglycerol derivatives and combinations thereof and b) a first or second conjugation component which forms an interpenetrating or semi-interpenetrating network with the nanogel matrix component. Thereby, the first conjugation component is a charged component chosen from the group consisting of acids, methacrylates, methacrylamides, acrylamides and combinations thereof and the second conjugation component is a conjugated polymer chosen from the group consisting of polyaniline, polypyrrole, poly(N—(C1-C10)alkyl aniline), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), 2-ethylhexylcyclopentadithiophene-co-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, 2-ethylhexylcyclopentadithiophene-co-2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: It is provided a polyglycerol derivative, comprising a dendritic polyglycerol backbone and at least one substituent in the nature of a covalently bound negatively charged group chosen from the group consisting of sulfates, sulfonates, phosphates, phosphonates, bisphosphonates, carboxylates and combinations thereof. The substituent is bound to the polyglycerol backbone via a linker, the linker being chosen from the group consisting of moieties being or comprising a carbamate group, an ester group, an orthoester group, an amide group, a disulfide bridge group, an acetal group, an imine group and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Biologically active compounds that can be used as photosensitizers for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, particularly for PDT of cancer, infections and other hyperproliferative diseases, fluorescence diagnosis and PDT treatment of a non-tumorous indication such as arthritis, inflammatory diseases, viral or bacterial infections, dermatological, opthamological or urological disorders are provided as well as providing methods to obtain them in pharmaceutical quality. One embodiment consists of a method to synthesize a porphyrin with a defined arrangement of meso-substituents and then converting this porphyrin system to a chlorin system by dihydroxylation or reduction, and if more than one isomer is formed separate them by chromatography either on normal or reversed phase silica. In another embodiment the substituents on the porphyrin are selected to direct the reduction or dihydroxylation to the chlorin so that a certain isomer is selectively formed.

Abstract: A method for producing a polyglycerol nanogel is disclosed, the method comprising the following steps: Mixing an aqueous solution of first polyglycerol macromonomers, which are modified with a first reactive group, with an aqueous solution of second polyglycerol macromonomers, which are modified with a second reactive group, wherein the first reactive group and the second reactive group can react with each other forming a chemical bond; transferring the mixture into an organic non-solvent; and precipitation of a polyglycerol nanogel consisting of first polyglycerol macromonomers and second polyglycerol macromonomers which are covalently bound to each other. According to an aspect of the invention, the method is characterized in that the organic non-solvent is miscible with water and in that the method is carried out without adding surface-active substances.

Abstract: Provided are feed supplements for the alleviation of gastrointestinal tract disorders and associated systemic disorders in ruminants, methods for producing feed supplements and feeds and feed additives containing such feed supplements. Furthermore, medicaments for the treatment of diseases which are associated with disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly rumen acidosis and parturient paresis, are specified.

Abstract: A method for polymerizing monomer units and/or oligomer units is disclosed. Said method is characterized in that the energy required for polymerization is introduced into the monomer units and/or oligomer units to be polymerized by means of infrared light pulses, wherein the infrared light pulses have a wavelength of 2500 to 20000 nm, an intensity of more than 1014 W/m2, a duration of more than 8 fs and less than 3 ps and a substantially linear polarization.

Abstract: An analysis method determines a functional parameter of an organ by measuring 13CO2 content in exhaled air of an individual to which a substrate has been administered. The reaction of the substrate in the body of the individual enriches the exhaled air with 13CO2. The maximum reaction rate of the substrate in the body is determined via a change of the measured 13CO2 content in the exhaled air using zero-order enzyme kinetics. An aqueous methacetin solution having a pH greater than 7.0 is used in the analysis method. A face mask separates the exhaled air from inhaled air. The face mask is configured such that inhaled and exhaled air flows essentially completely through the face mask. Exhalation and inhalation valves in the face mask allow a flow of inhaled and exhaled air through the face mask. A diagnostic method is used to determine the functional parameters of the organ.

Abstract: A method for producing a polyglycerol nanogel is disclosed, the method comprising the following steps: Mixing an aqueous solution of first polyglycerol macromonomers, which are modified with a first reactive group, with an aqueous solution of second polyglycerol macromonomers, which are modified with a second reactive group, wherein the first reactive group and the second reactive group can react with each other forming a chemical bond; transferring the mixture into an organic non-solvent; and precipitation of a polyglycerol nanogel consisting of first polyglycerol macromonomers and second polyglycerol macromonomers which are covalently bound to each other. According to an aspect of the invention, the method is characterized in that the organic non-solvent is miscible with water and in that the method is carried out without adding surface-active substances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to two new gain of function variants of the cytokinin receptor proteins AHK2 and AHK3, namely rock2 and rock3, to transgenic organisms comprising at least one of said new gain-of-function cytokinin receptor variants and to a method for the manufacturing of a transgenic plant comprising at least one of the new gain-of-function variants.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel biosynthetic growth factor mutants which exhibit improved biological activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel compound classes of dendritic polyglycerol sulfates and sulfonates as well as to their production and use for the treatment of diseases, particularly inflammatory diseases, and to their use as selectin inhibitors and selectin indicators. The dendritic polyglycerol sulfates and sulfonates are also suitable for imaging diagnostics, particularly with respect to inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: A method for polymerizing monomer units and/or oligomer units is disclosed. Said method is characterized in that the energy required for polymerization is introduced into the monomer units and/or oligomer units to be polymerized by means of infrared light pulses, wherein the infrared light pulses have a wavelength of 2500 to 20000 nm, an intensity of more than 1014 W/m2, a duration of more than 8 fs and less than 3 ps and a substantially linear polarization.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions or vaccines that contain a recombinant EHV-1 that elicit an immune response in animals against equine herpesvirus, including compositions comprising said recombinant EHV-1, methods of vaccination against equine herpesvirus, and kits for use with such methods and compositions.

Abstract: 6-(alkylbenzylamino)purine derivatives of the general formula I for use as cytokinin receptor antagonists. R1 is selected from a group which includes, but is not limited to, hydroxyl, amino, nitro, thio and alkyl group. R2 denotes one to four alkyl groups. The invention also relates to preparations containing these derivatives and methods of using the derivatives.