Abstract: A centrifugal caster arrangement including: a motor driven centrifuge arm and a weight arm connected to the centrifuge arm, with both arms being rotatable about a vertical axis. A counterweight is permanently fixed to the weight arm and a casting chamber is connected to the centrifuge arm. A melting crucible is disposed in the casting chamber. A plurality of muffle sets is provided with each muffle set including an exchangeable muffle cage and an associated casting muffle inserted therein. The casting chamber is provided with a region for mounting one of the muffle sets. Each exchangeable muffle cage is matched to its associated casting muffle according to size and weight so that the total weight of each respective muffle set is such magnitude that when each respective muffle set is mounted in the casting chamber and rotated about the vertical axis the centrifuge arm is in balance with the weight arm and the permanently fixed counterweight.

Abstract: Process for the reduction of iron containing chrome ores in which a mixture of chrome ore, coal and slag producers with an ore-coal ratio of 1:0.4 to 1:2 is heated in a rotating furnace in a CO containing atmosphere to temperatures of between 1100.degree. and 1580.degree. C. and in which the rotating furnace is heated in counter flow by a burner through the central nozzle of which oxygen and/or air is supplied. The burner is located at the reaction product discharge end of the furnace and 10 to 90% of the coal for the raw material mixture is introduced into the rotating furnace through the reaction product discharge end, with at least part of this coal being introduced through an outer nozzle of the burner.

Abstract: A plurality of roll-journaling insert bodies for the upper rolls and for the lower rolls raisable and lowerable are mounted on and offset form a stand gate by feet insertable in a plurality of supporting members and, on lowering, lock successively against a motion in the direction of the roll axes and jointly are removable from the rolling-mill stand with the rolls in the axial direction. The supporting members are in the form of a plurality of supporting beams provided with a plurality of passages for the continuous unhindered passage of an item to be rolled through the rolling mill. The raising and lowering devices for the roll-journaling insert bodies can be hydraulic cylinders mounted in the supporting bars. The supporting beams are provided with continuously running grooves for the feet of the structural members.

Abstract: A process for producing a coated molded body according to the CVD process, in which at least one layer of hard material, consisting of carbides, nitrides and/or carbonitrides of the elements titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium and/or tantalum is deposited on a metallic substrate from a reactive gas phase. The gas phase contains aluminium trichloride, aluminium tribromide or magnesium chloride in a molar ratio of from 0.1:1 to 5:1, with respect to the halide of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium and/or tantalum which is in the gas phase.

Abstract: Process for arc fusion welding under atmospheric conditions of a base material which is a nitrogen alloyed steel, in which the bulk share of nitrogen in the steel is above its solubility limit under atmospheric conditions. The nitrogen released during the melting of the base material is confined to the melting bath formed during the welding.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production of boiler feed water from process waters in the oil extraction industry during which salts and hydrocarbons are removed from the water, without Fe.sup.++ precipitating. The heavy hydrocarbons are mechanically separated, the volatile hydrocarbons are separated from the water, by means of a thermal degassing, and the low boiling and the non-condensable hydrocarbons are separated in a shower evaporation step with downstream vapor compression, wherein the low boiling non-condensable hydrocarbons are evaporated with the waste water within the shower evaporator and the non-condensable hydrocarbons then are drawn off from a downstream separator. A salt-free oxygen-free pure water is removed from a separator.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for simultaneously producing various forms of alcohol, including ethanol, which can likewise be withdrawn from the apparatus simultaneously. To this end, successive columns in the individual processing stages, each of which includes distillation, rectification, purification and dehydration, are connected in parallel for product flow but in series for energy flow and conservation.

Abstract: A sintered tungsten carbide material and method for manufacturing same in which the method includes the steps of combining metal particles composed of from 75 to 95 percent by weight of a composition containing at least 70 percent by weight of tungsten carbide and from 5 to 25 percent by weight of a binder metal composition, the binder metal composition consisting essentially of from 5 to 15 percent by weight of chromium and from 85 to 95 percent by weight of nickel; pressing the metal particles into a pressed body; sintering the pressed body in a sintering chamber for a period ranging from 20 to 200 minutes, at a temperature ranging from 1400.degree. to 1500.degree. C., and in a protective atmosphere which is one of a vacuum, a noble gas, a mixture of noble gases, and hydrogen gas to form a sintered body; and treating the sintered body for a period ranging from 20 to 200 minutes, at a temperature ranging from 1300.degree. to 1400.degree. C.

Abstract: In a tiltable metallurgical furnace vessel having a completely closed lateral protrusion with a closable discharge opening on its underside, simplified furnace structure is achieved by configuring the protrusion as a removable, heatable fore-hearth that is constructed in the form of a casting spout. A particularly simple structure results due to the fact that the fore-hearth is flanged to the main furnace vessel and essentially has a box shape. The invention is particularly useful for electric arc furnaces.

Abstract: A process for the production of metallic semi-finished products which contains one or several alloys and has at least two zones with different nitrogen content. An electrode is remelted by pressure electroslag remelting, wherein the remelting process occurs in at least two steps, in each of which differing amounts of nitrogen in the form of solid nitrogen donators are added to the melt, and wherein the pressure produced by a nitrogen- or noble gas-atmosphere is changed from remelting step to remelting step in a range of 5 to 50 bar.

Abstract: A method is provided for leak checking pipes or pipe networks wherein the leak check is effected by means of liquid under pressure in that a pressure change is determined. To improve the leak check by excluding temperature caused pressure changes, the liquid pressure in the pipes, pipe networks or pipe sections thereof is set to at least two different pressure levels as initial pressure for at least one respective pressure change determination. From the time standardized pressure changes associated with different initial pressures, a time standardized pressure change difference is formed and is compared with an allowed value with reference to the unit of time. A leak is determined to exist if the pressure change difference is greater than the allowed value.

Abstract: A vulcanization method and press in which at time-spaced intervals of 1 to 40 seconds, temperature measurements representing increments of heat supplied to the vulcanizable body are taken of a medium used for vulcanization. A summation of the measurements continuously during the vulcanization process represents the heat supplied to the body and when the summed heat quantity equals the total heat quantity previously determined to be necessary for complete vulcanization, the process is terminated.

Abstract: A tube wall for a metallurgical furnace is mainly formed by an array of generally parallel tubes centered on respective tube axes and each having two widened open tube ends one of which projects laterally from the respective tube in one radial direction and the other of which projects laterally from the respective tube in the opposite radial direction. Each tube end laterally engages the tube end of an adjacent tube and the tubes are laterally spaced between their ends. Respective caps each cover two adjacent tube ends and interconnect same so that the interiors of the tubes and caps form a sinuous passage. Finally, respective welds secure the tube ends and caps together hermetically to seal off the passage. Thus appropriate means can circulate a coolant through the array. Such construction is sufficiently rigid to do away with webs laterally interconnecting the tube sections, thereby eliminating the cost of their manufacture and installation.

Abstract: Chill molds for multiple continuous casting of wires and casting strands with small cross-sections from metal, in particular from copper and copper alloys, are provided with a row of mold hollow spaces with walls from graphite and the walls are cooled with a coolant circle. In order to have to replace upon wear out or operational disturbances only the parts involved and the exchange of the parts nevertheless to remain simple and the space requirements of the chill mold remain low, the chill mold is provided with building elements independent from each other, that is with cooling elements (1) and mold support elements (2), which are disposed alternately and touching each other in a row next to each other or on top of each other as desired. The mold support elements (2) containing the mold hollow spaces (10) are freely movable with respect to their neighboring cooling elements (1). Each mold support element (2) can be individually pressed against a stop face (18') opposite to the casting direction.

Abstract: A method for the registration and evaluation of dental findings corresponding to dental examination points. The method is carried out with an evaluation apparatus including a marking apparatus having spatial allocations corresponding to each examination point and a marking element associated with each spatial allocation. The method comprises the steps of examining the points, one after the other, in a predetermined order to obtain respective dental findings; entering the finding corresponding to each examination point into the evaluation apparatus; and marking the finding of each examination point in the corresponding spatial allocation on the marking apparatus by use of the associated marking element.

Abstract: A worm press, especially for pressing vegetable matter, e.g. in the pressing of oil from oil-bearing seeds and fruits, comprises a worm having a plurality of worm sections and a housing within which the worm rotates and which is formed with rings defining axially spaced constrictions for the pressed mass between the worm sections. The worm has annular frustoconical shoulders juxtaposed with frustoconical flanks of the respective rings so that the flanks of each ring and shoulder define a respective constriction which is of a width adjustable by relative axial displacement of the worm and the housing, the rings being fixed in the housing and the shoulders being fixed on the worm.

Abstract: A cutting tool bit has a central mounting hole, a planar bottom face and an opposite top face having a central zone situated at a lower level than the marginal zones thereof; chip breaking elements formed on the top face; and lateral faces each defining a cutting edge with the top face. Each cutting edge has linear length portions sloping from opposite ends of the cutting edge in the direction of its middle towards the bottom face. There is further provided an elevation situated in the central zone of the top face and a plurality of surfaces each situated between a respective cutting edge and the elevation. The chip breaking elements are formed by the surfaces and the elevation.

Abstract: In the pressing of liquids from solid materials, especially for the pressing of liquids from oil-containing solids such as edible-oil seeds, using a filter press, the pressing is carried out in a plurality of stages each of which is followed by a pressure reduction. According to the invention, the material in each stage is initially subjected exclusively to a progressively increasing pressure, is then spontaneously expanded to the ambient pressure and thereafter is at least partially subdivided into particles which are compressed in the next stage in accordance with the same pressing sequence.

Abstract: A heavy load railway vehicle or schnabel car in which a load bridge is disposed between a pair of longitudinally spaced rail supported bogies and is supported on the bogies by arms on the ends of the load bridge which extend outwardly over the bogies and engage an outer guide means in the longitudinal center of each bogie and an inner guide means near the inner end of each bogie. Each guide means is laterally movable on the respective bogie and the inner guide means is resiliently acted upon from opposite side to bias the inner guide means toward a predetermined position on the respective bogie.

Abstract: A highly viscous mass to be homogenized is fed from a screw plasticizer into a mixing chamber, perpendicular to the plasticizer mouth, in which a mandrel rotates independently of the plasticizer screw to masticate the mass in a narrow annular clearance between itself and the chamber wall. The mass, force-fed through this clearance by the screw pressure, encounters several sets of free-floating balls or other rotary bodies loosely guided in annular grooves of the chamber wall, or of the mandrel, while revolving about the mandrel axis. The mandrel may have a screw-threaded rearward extension for admixing additional ingredients from one or more further chamber inlets with the mass to be homogenized, with exertion of a back-up pressure upon that mass. The chamber temperature may be controlled by the circulation of a cooling fluid through its wall and/or through the mandrel.