Abstract: In a vibration absorber for resonance vibrations of rotating bodies, in particular rail wheels, comprising several oscillatory plates which establish a damping mass; intermediate layers of damping material separating the plates from each other; a fastener connecting the plates with the rotating body at at least one point and an intermediate layer of damping material coupling the plates over a large remaining area to the rotating body the geometric dimensions of the plates and the intermediate layers and the Shore hardness of the damping material of the intermediate layers is selected such that all plates oscillate at a natural frequency of the rotating body to be damped, but with the amplitudes and phases of the vibrations of the individual plates differing in such a manner, with respect to one another, that the damping material is as strongly distorted as possible.

Abstract: A vibration damping device for a body resonant at two frequencies, is formed by a plate which can be connected to the body transversely with respect to its vibration direction. A post extends from the plate and mounts one end of an elastically flexible tongue which extends from the post substantially parallel to the plate so as to form a space between the tongue and plate. A weight is fixed to the other end of the tongue and vibration damping material is positioned in the space. The tongue and weight form a system resonant at both of the bodies' resonant frequencies, the tongue's energy being absorbed by the damping material.

Abstract: A system comprising a rail wheel and rail has the wheel and preferably also the rail provided with vibration dampers which absorb vibration having the frequency of the radial resonant vibration frequency of the wheel, for the purpose of preventing the formation of ripples in the rail head's surface on which the wheel runs.

Abstract: A vibration absorbing track wheel having one or more different natural frequencies. The wheel body has a wheel flange with one or more resonance absorbers on the wheel flange. Each resonance absorber comprises at least two tongues and an intermediate layer of damping material between each of the two adjacent tongues, and each tongue is turned to a different natural frequency of the wheel.

Abstract: Abrasion resistant rails or rail wheels formed from a steel alloy having between 0.02 to 0.35 percent by weight of lead or bismuth, and a process for the production of the same comprising alloying 0.02 to 0.35 percent by weight of lead or bismuth with a rail or rail wheel steel.

Abstract: An oscillation dampening system composed of masses, in which a spring and dampeners are clamped together and coupled to a railroad track to prevent the formation of ripples on the track. The system is tuned to the characteristic frequency of the railroad track and is coupled thereto to reduce the maximum amplitude of oscillation at the characteristic frequency and to shift the occurrence of other amplitudes of oscillation to frequencies away from the characteristic frequency and to reduce the amplitudes of oscillation at the shifted frequency. The maximum of the shifted amplitudes of oscillation is reduced by ten percent from the maximum at the characteristic frequency.

Abstract: A method of utilizing waste dust and waste sludge from blast furnaces and steel works for subsequent steel production comprising forming the waste dust and waste sludge into pellets containing basic gangue and higher sulphur contents and having a metallization degree of over 80% in which up to 10% by weight of the pellets are intimately mixed with liquid pig iron relative to the weight of the pig iron to form a pig iron melt, the pellets being placed into a pig iron charging ladle prior to and/or during the reladling of the liquid pig iron from a torpedo ladle into a charging ladle, and the pig iron is deslagged prior to the pouring thereof into a refining vessel.

Abstract: A measuring wheel for the detection of vertical forces on the wheel when in operation, in which the wheel rim is provided with a plurality of recesses arranged in a circumferential direction adjacent to one another, the recesses being positioned so that webs are formed therebetween which extend transversely through the wheel rim from one side to the other. Detecting elements in the form of wire strain gauges are positioned within the recesses on the webs; these detecting elements are spaced from each other to detect the vertical forces transmitted between the wheel and the rail in the plane of the detecting elements. Additionally, the measuring wheel can be formed with the profile of a rail wheel or a wheel track, and when the measuring wheel has the profile of a wheel track, a separate wheel is used having the profile of a rail wheel.

Abstract: A process for the heat treatment of a steel rail which is at a temperature which is in the austenite range which comprises quenching at least the head portion of said rail in water maintained at a temperature of at least 80.degree. C until the temperature of said rail is such that said rail has completed the pearlite transformation and recovering a rail whose steel composition is characterized by such a fine pearlitic structure that it cannot be resolved by a light microscope but is not bainitic in structure.

Abstract: A bracing tube construction for pusher type or rocker bar furnaces comprising a bracing tube having a carrier bracket secured thereto. A rider is secured to the carrier bracket and thereby to the tube. The rider has a recess in which the carrier bracket is received and a bore in the rider extends perpendicularly to the tube for receiving a bolt which extends transversely to the tube and is engaged in a groove in the carrier bracket. The carrier bracket has ends engaging corresponding surfaces in the recess in the rider to prevent relative axial movement between the rider and the tube. The bolt and the bore in the carrier bracket are trapezoidal in shape.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for grinding out faults on the surface of a ferromagnetic workpiece includes the step of placing a grinding device on the workpiece, magnetizing the workpiece by a magnetizing device, sensing surface faults in the magnetized workpiece by first and second sensing elements placed above first and second check points and grinding the sensed surface faults of the magnetized workpiece by the grinding device. The workpiece is operatively and repeatedly transported in one direction with respect to the first and second elements and the grinding device, and repeatedly returned in a direction opposite to the first direction. The ground workpiece is tested for faults at the first and second check points, and the first and second checkpoints are arranged behind and in front of the grinding device, respectively, with respect to the opposite direction of movement of the workpiece.

Abstract: A device and a process for continuous de-scaling of elongated metallic material, particularly steel. The material has front, center and end sections, and the process includes the steps of continuously moving the material in one direction, and shaping, particularly rolling the material, while the material center and end-sections are still subjected to the heat of a furnace, and the material has a plurality of successive areas in longitudinal direction to be de-scaled. The material is treated or de-scaled following the heating and prior to the forming thereof in predetermined cycles for a predetermined time at a predetermined degree at each of the successive areas, by spraying a fluid, particularly a liquid, on the material under high pressure.

Abstract: A wheel of lightweight construction useful as a wheel for a railroad car having a hub portion and a rim portion. The hub portion is connected to the rim portion by a pair of spaced apart opposed concavely shaped wheel discs positioned back-to-back. Each of the wheel discs has a main portion running between the hub and the rim. The main portion has integral therewith at each end thereof an arcuately shaped transitional portion which terminates in an edge. One of these transitional portions contiguously abuts and is affixed to one of two oppositely inclined flanks of the hub. The other of the transitional portions contiguously abuts and is affixed to one of two oppositely inclined flanks of the rim.

Abstract: A rail wheel comprising a wheel rim, wheel disc and a wheel hub wherein at least the wheel rim consists essentially of a steel having the following composition:0.04 to 0.12 weight percent carbon0.20 to 0.70 weight percent silicon3.5 to 5.0 weight percent mangangese0.005 to 0.025 weight percent nitrogen0.002 to 0.4 weight percent niobium = vanadium,The balance being iron with the usual impurities; a process for forming such rail wheel.

Abstract: An apparatus for the continuous production of steel comprising a generally vertical shaft melting zone having a floor, a generally horizontally running refining zone in fluid communication with a lower region of said vertical shaft, the floor of said refining zone disposed at an inclination with respect to the floor of said shaft, said horizontally running refining zone being in fluid communication with an oxidation zone comprising a well disposed below the level of the floor of said horizontally running refining zone.

Abstract: A wheel set for a bogie of a track vehicle in which wheels are mounted non-rotatably on an axle mounted in bearings of the bogie. Substantially wide rubber elastic inserts for springing each of the wheels, have an arched axial-radial cross-section. The height of the arch in radial direction is small relative to the width of the arch. The insert is arranged, furthermore, between the wheel hub and the wheel rim in the proximity of the hub boring and extending substantially over the entire width of the wheel hub. The apex of the arched insert faces the hub boring.

Abstract: A rubber shock-absorbent track wheel in which annular grooves are provided on the ring of the wheel and on the rim of the wheel disc. The grooves are formed between shoulders, and a clearance space is defined between the grooves and the shoulder. Prestressed rubber plates located within the clearance space have plane areas when in the original state. The two annular grooves are turned to one another so that the height of the clearance space varies over its width, and the height of the clearance space is maximum at the centers of the grooves. The rubber plates are more prestressed at their outer areas than in the middle areas of the rubber plates when positioned between the base of the annular grooves of wheel disc and ring.

Abstract: A railway wheel of lightweight construction, having a disc-like wheel body and a tire which is tension-mounted on the wheel rim, and with the wheel disc including a tangential undulating or wavelike configuration of radially extending crests and troughs. In the railway wheel, between an inner annularly extending groove formed in the wheel tire and an outer annular groove formed in the wheel rim, there is provided a pre-tensioned or pre-stressed rubber insert, and in which the wheel disc has a radially unwaved conical basic configuration.

Abstract: A vacuum sealing for the discharge nozzle of a casting ladle as for liquid steel is disclosed. The vacuum sealing, which prevents the penetration of atmospheric gases through the porous refractory discharge nozzle, is arranged in a vacuum-tight manner below the discharge nozzle. The vacuum sealing consists of clingy plastic films or thin metal sheets.

Abstract: An improvement in an apparatus for the production or refinement of metals comprising a furnace and a hood disposed thereover, which improvement comprises an upper chamber surrounding the sides and the top of said furnace, said upper chamber having at least one chamber side wall, said wall having a first movable door therein, a runway disposed within said chamber and partially out of said chamber, a charging crane disposed on said runway having disposed on one side thereof a second movable door movable therewith, means connected to said charging crane for moving said first movable door to permit entry of said charging crane, the size of said first and second movable doors being such as to substantially occupy the entire entrance way to said upper chamber.