Abstract: According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a method of creating an object with a conduit is disclosed. A material is deposited on a sacrificial collector; and, the sacrificial collector is then removed to create the object with the conduit. Both the object and the sacrificial collector can approximate the shape of desired blood vessel. The method can also include a 3-D printing of the desired shape of the mold and utilization of Gallium as the sacrificial collector. The sacrificial object is created by insertion of the gallium in the mold. After removal of the gallium from the mold, fibers are electrospun onto the gallium. The gallium is removed through melting—leaving a scaffold, the object with the conduit. In addition to the gallium, an extra sacrificial layer of a water-soluble material may be utilized.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a device with the capability of performing both conventional bioprinting and electrohydrodynamic printing (EHDP) is provided. The disclosure also provides methods of using the described device, methods of optimization of printing parameters, methods of position calibration, methods of selecting or creating voltage waveforms, and other methods relating to the fabrication device.