Abstract: A process for printing on a textile substrate comprising the steps of: (I) preparing an ink comprising the following components: (a) from 1 to 8 parts of a self-dispersible pigment which comprises a carboxy-functional dispersant crosslinked around a pigment core by a crosslinking agent having at least two groups selected from oxetane, carbodiimide, hydrazide, oxazoline, aziridine, isocyanate, N-methylol, keteneimine, isocyanurate and epoxy groups; (b) from 0 to 16 parts of a binder selected from one or more of an acrylic latex binder, a styrene acrylic latex binder and a styrene butadiene latex binder wherein the binder has a Tg in the range of from ?25° C. to 35° C.; (c) from 1 to 30 parts of one or more water-miscible organic solvents (d) from 0.1 to 3 parts of a surfactant; (e) from 0 to 5 parts of biocide; (f) from 0 to 10 parts of a viscosity modifier; (g) from 0 to 10 parts of a polyurethane latex binder with a Tg in the range of from ?25° C. to 35° C.

Abstract: A process for preparing a dispersion comprising the stages: i) providing a dispersion comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a dispersant having cross-linkable groups and a weight averaged molecular weight of from 1,000 to 70,000; and ii) cross-linking the dispersant in the presence of the particulate solid and the liquid medium thereby preparing a dispersion of an encapsulated particulate solid, wherein the cross-linking is performed such that 0.01 to 0.5 mmoles of cross-linkable groups in the dispersant are cross-linked per g of dispersant; said process also comprising at any stage: iii) adding a metal chelating agent to the dispersion; and after stage iii) the stage of: iv) removing at least some of the metal chelating agent from the dispersion.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a dispersion, comprising: dispersing a composition comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a dispersant; wherein the dispersant is obtained by a process comprising at least the steps a) and b): a) co-polymerising a monomer composition comprising at least the components i) and ii) so as to form a phospho-ester functional polymer: i) a monomer having at least one phospho-ester group and two groups independently selected from hydroxyl, amino, thiol and hydrazo groups, ii) a diisocyanate; and b) hydrolysing at least some of the phospho-ester groups in the phospho-ester functional polymer so as to result in a dispersant having phosphorus containing anionic groups.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer comprising reacting at least the components i), ii) and optionally iii) to form a pre-polymer: i) a compound of the Formula (1); wherein: T1 and T2 are each independently HO—, HS— or HNR1—; Q1 and Q2 independently are —NR2—; A1 and A2 independently are an optionally substituted divalent organic linking group; Z is a halogen; R1 when present is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; R2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; ii) a diisocyanate; iii) optionally an isocyanate reactive compound; and then reacting the pre-polymer with at least component iv): iv) one or more compounds selected from an organic amine, alcohol or thiol provided that at least one of the organic compounds in component iv) has at least one ionic group.

Abstract: A process for preparing an encapsulated pigment dispersion suitable for use in an ink jet printing ink comprising the following steps in the order I) followed by II): I) providing a dispersion comprising a pigment, a liquid medium and a dispersant comprising the repeat units from copolymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in components a) to c): a) from 75 to 97 parts of one or more hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising at least 50 parts benzyl (meth) acrylate; b) from 3 to 25 parts one or more hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomers having one or more ionic group(s); c) from 0 to 2 parts of one or more hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a hydrophilic non-ionic group; and ?wherein the parts are by weight and the sum of the parts a) to c) add up to 100; II) cross-linking the dispersant in the presence of the pigment and the liquid medium.

Abstract: A polymeric dispersant obtained or obtainable by copolymerizing a monomer composition comprising at least the components: i) benzyl (meth)acrylate; ii) propylene glycol (meth)acrylate; wherein the weight ratio of component i) to component ii) is greater than 10:1.

Abstract: A process for preparing an encapsulated pigment dispersion suitable for use in an ink jet printing ink comprising the following steps in the order I) followed by II): I) providing a dispersion comprising a pigment, a liquid medium and a dispersant comprising the repeat units from copolymerising the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in components a) to c): a) from 75 to 97 parts of one or more hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising at least 50 parts benzyl (meth) acrylate; b) from 3 to 25 parts one or more hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomers having one or more ionic group(s); c) from 0 to 2 parts of one or more hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a hydrophilic non-ionic group; and ?wherein the parts are by weight and the sum of the parts a) to c) add up to 100; II) cross-linking the dispersant in the presence of the pigment and the liquid medium.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer comprising reacting at least the components i) to iii) in any order: i) a compound of the Formula (1): Formula (1) wherein: T1 and T2 independently are HO—, HS— or R1HN—; Q1 and Q2 independently are —NR2—; A1 and A2 independently are an optionally substituted divalent organic linking group; R1 when present is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; R2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; Z is an HO— group or a group of the Formula (2) or (3); Formula (2) wherein: L is —HN—, —O— or —S—; X is an optionally substituted organic group; Formula (3) wherein: each X independently is an optionally substituted organic group; in both Formulae (2) and (3) the asterisk (*) signifies the point of attachment to the triazine ring: ii) a diisocyanate; iii) an isocyanate reactive compound having at least one ionic group.

Abstract: A process for preparing an encapsulated pigment dispersion suitable for use in an ink jet printing ink comprising the following steps in the order I) followed by II): I) providing a dispersion comprising a pigment, a liquid medium and a dispersant comprising the repeat units from copolymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated monomers in components a) to c): a) from 75 to 97 parts of one or more hydrophobic ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising at least 50 parts benzyl (meth)acrylate; b) from 3 to 25 parts one or more hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomers having one or more ionic group(s); c) from 0 to 2 parts of one or more hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a hydrophilic non-ionic group; and wherein the parts are by weight and the sum of the parts a) to c) add up to 100; II) cross-linking the dispersant in the presence of the pigment and the liquid medium.

Abstract: A process for preparing an encapsulated particulate solid using an epoxy functional cross-linking agent and a carboxylic acid functional dispersant wherein the cross-linking agent has one or more oligomeric dispersing group and/or the dispersant has an acid value of at least 125 mg KOH/g. The resultant solids are useful in, for example, ink jet printing inks.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous pigment dispersion suitable for use in an ink jet printing ink comprising the following steps in the order I) followed by II): I) providing a dispersion having a sodium chloride critical coagulation concentration of no more than 2.0M, said dispersion comprising a pigment, an aqueous liquid medium and a dispersant having one or more ionic group(s); and II) reducing the hydrophilicity of the dispersant by reacting at least some, but not all of the ionic group(s) in the dispersant with the one or more hydrophobic compound(s).

Abstract: A process for preparing a dispersion of encapsulated solid particles in a liquid medium is described, which includes providing a dispersion comprising solid particles, a liquid medium and a polymer comprising at least one repeat unit of the Formula (1) or a salt thereof: and cross-linking the polymer, wherein X, Q1, Q2, Q3, A and m are as defined.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for preparing a particulate solid comprising the steps i) to iv): i) providing a dispersion of polymer particles in a liquid medium, said polymer being obtained or obtainable by the copolymerization of at least the monomers in components a) to d): a) 45 to 90 parts of one of more hydrocarbyl (meth) acrylates each having a homopolymer Tg of from 90 to 130° C. and having no hydrophilic groups; b) 10 to 55 parts of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers each having homopolymer Tg of below 90° C. and having no hydrophilic groups; c) 0 to 40 parts of one or more styrenic monomers having a homopolymer Tg of at least 90° C.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer comprising reacting at least the components i), ii) and optionally iii) to form a pre-polymer: i) a compound of the Formula (1); wherein: T1 and T2 are each independently HO—, HS— or HNR1—; Q1 and Q2 independently are —NR2—; A1 and A2 independently are an optionally substituted divalent organic linking group; Z is a halogen; R1 when present is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; R2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; ii) a diisocyanate; iii) optionally an isocyanate reactive compound; and then reacting the pre-polymer with at least component iv): iv) one or more compounds selected from an organic amine, alcohol or thiol provided that at least one of the organic compounds in component iv) has at least one ionic group.

Abstract: A process for ink jet printing an image on a substrate is described, which includes applying to the substrate a composition including a liquid medium, a pigment and a polymer having a chain of the Formula (1) or a salt thereof: wherein X, Q1, Q2, Q3, A, m and n are as defined, and the polymer having a chain of Formula (1) or salt thereof is used to comminute the pigment.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer comprising reacting at least the components i) to iii) in any order: i) a compound of the Formula (1): Formula (1) wherein: T1 and T2 independently are HO—, HS— or R1HN—; Q1 and Q2 independently are —NR2—; A1 and A2 independently are an optionally substituted divalent organic linking group; R1 when present is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; R2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclyl group; Z is an HO— group or a group of the Formula (2) or (3); Formula (2) wherein: L is —HN—, —O— or —S—; X is an optionally substituted organic group; Formula (3) wherein: each X independently is an optionally substituted organic group; in both Formulae (2) and (3) the asterisk (*) signifies the point of attachment to the triazine ring: ii) a diisocyanate; iii) an isocyanate reactive compound having at least one ionic group.

Abstract: A process for preparing a particulate solid is described, which comprises the steps of a) aggregating a dispersion comprising the particles i) and ii) and a liquid medium, wherein i) is 25 to 50 parts by weight of non-polymeric particles having an average particle size of from 1 to 10 microns and having a density of no more than 4 g/cm3; and ii) is 50 to 75 parts by weight of polymer particles having an average particle size of from 50 to 150 nm; b) optionally stabilising the aggregated particles; and c) heating the aggregated particles so as to cause particle coalescence.

Abstract: A process for printing an image on a substrate comprising the steps of: (a) applying an ink comprising polymer-encapsulated pigment particles and an aqueous medium to a substrate by means of an ink jet printer, wherein (i) the said particles are dispersed in the aqueous medium, and (ii) the said particles comprise a carboxy-functional dispersant crosslinked around a pigment core by a first crosslinking agent; and (b) crosslinking the polymer-encapsulated pigment particles with a second crosslinking agent. The process is particularly useful for printing polymeric substrates which come into contact with rubbing and/or moisture.

Abstract: A process for preparing a dispersion of encapsulated solid particles in a predominantly organic liquid vehicle, comprising the following steps: i) providing a dispersion comprising a particulate solid, a liquid medium and a polymeric dispersant having at least 3.0 mmoles of reactive groups per g of dispersant; ii) cross-linking the polymeric dispersant via at least some, but not all, of the reactive groups, said cross-linking being performed in the presence of the particulate solid and the liquid medium and resulting in the encapsulation of each solid particle with a cross-linked polymeric dispersant shell; iii) covalently bonding an end-capping agent to the polymeric dispersant via the reactive groups; said process being such that the final organic liquid vehicle comprises one or more organic liquids and optionally water, provided that water is present at no more than 30% by weight based on the dispersion.

Abstract: A process for printing an ink onto a substrate wherein: the ink comprises an encapsulated particulate solid and a liquid vehicle; the encapsulated particulate solid comprises a particulate solid encapsulated with a cross-linked dispersant shell; and the ink is printed onto a substrate which is or comprises corrugated paper.