Abstract: A process for preparing an encapsulated carbon black pigment comprising cross-linking a dispersant with a cross-linking agent in the presence of a carbon black pigment and a liquid medium, thereby encapsulating the carbon black pigment within the cross-linked dispersant, wherein: d) the dispersant has one or more cross-linkable groups selected from amine, hydroxy and carboxylic acid groups or salts thereof; e) the cross-linking agent is polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether; f) the carbon black pigment has an average primary particle size of from 16 to 22 nm and a surface area of from 140 to 220 m2/g.

Abstract: A compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein: R1 and R2 are independently H or optionally substituted C1-4alkyl; R3 is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; R4 and R5 are independently H, optionally substituted alkyl optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl with the proviso that R4 and R5 do not carry a carboxylic acid substituent; X and Y are independently an acetyl group, an acetate ester group, an amide group, a sulfoxide group, a sulfone group, a phosphonate group, a nitro group, a nitrile group, an isonitrile group, a quaternary amine, a carbonyl group (other than a carboxylic acid), a polyhaloalkyl group or a halogen atom; a+b=0 to 4; n=1 to 6; and m is greater than 0: provided that the compounds of Formula (1) contain at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of —SO3H and —PO3H2. Also compositions, inks, printing processes, printed materials and ink-jet cartridges.

Abstract: Azaphthalocyanine compounds of Formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein: MAzPc represents a azaphthalocyanine nucleus of formula (A): M is 2H, Cu or Ni; each P is independently CH or N; R1, R2 are independently H or optionally substituted alkyl; R3 is optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; y is greater than 0 and less than 4; z is greater than 0 and less than 4; and the sum of y+z is in the range of from 1 to 4; 15 provided that at least one P is N in any one of the four component rings of the azaphthalocyanine nucleus. Also compositions, inks, printing processes, printed materials and ink-jet cartridges.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an ink, or pigment formulation (e.g. a concentrate) for use in inks, comprising filtration of a composition comprising a particulate pigment and a liquid medium through an inorganic filter having pores of a uniform size below 10 microns. The process accurately removes oversized particles that could cause problems in inkjet printers without wasting non-problematic under-sized pigment. High flow rates are achieved even with low trans-filter pressure differences. In one embodiment, high flow rates are maintained by selection of pH and/or ionic strength. The filters are more robust than conventional polymeric filters and withstand cleaning with aggressive cleaning agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aqueous pigment dispersion suitable for use in an ink jet printing ink comprising the following steps in the order I) followed by II): I) providing a dispersion having a sodium chloride critical coagulation concentration of no more than 2.0M, said dispersion comprising a pigment, an aqueous liquid medium and a dispersant having one or more ionic group(s); and II) reducing the hydrophilicity of the dispersant by reacting at least some, but not all of the ionic group(s) in the dispersant with the one or more hydrophobic compound(s).

Abstract: A process for preparing a modified particulate solid comprising reacting a dispersant with a compound in the presence of a particulate solid and a liquid medium, characterised in that: a) the dispersant has at least one reactable group selected from keto, aldehyde and beta-diketoester groups, b) the compound has at least two groups reactive towards said keto, aldehyde and/or beta-diketoester groups. The process provides a modified particulate solid having improved stability which is particularly useful for liquid vehicles having and range of polarities and for incorporation into ink jet printing inks.

Abstract: A process is provided for printing an image on a substrate, the process comprising applying to the substrate an ink composition which comprises a liquid medium and a compound of Formula (1): wherein: A and D each independently represent optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; E represents optionally substituted pyrazolyl; Z represents H, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy or optionally substituted aryloxy; and p is an integer from 0 to 5; provided that E does not have an optionally substituted carbonamide group of formula —CONR1R2 directly attached to it, wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aryl. The printing is preferably ink jet printing. Also provided are compounds of Formula (1) and ink compositions containing the same.

Abstract: A compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein: A is optionally substituted heterocyclyl; X is N or C—CN; R1 is H or a substituent; R2 and R3 are independently H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl or —SO2R4, wherein R4 is optionally substituted optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heterocyclyl; and provided that the compound of Formula (1) has attached, either directly or through a substituent, at least one ionic water solubilising group selected from the group consisting of CO2H, COSH, SO3H and PO3H2. Also compositions, inks, ink-jet printing processes, printed materials and ink-jet cartridges.

Abstract: A process for printing an image on a substrate comprising applying to the substrate an ink comprising a medium and compound of Formula (1) or a salt thereof wherein the compound of Formula (1) or a salt thereof is a triazine coupled azo containing colorant. The process and colorant are especially useful for ink jet printing.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein: M is 2H, Si, a metal, an oxymetal group, a hydroxymetal group or a halometal group; Pc represents a phthalocyanine nucleus of formula; R1 is optionally substituted alkyl other than methyl: R2 is H, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; R3 is H, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; R4 is a group comprising a heterocycle and an ionisable group; L is a direct bond or a divalent linking group; x is 0.1 to 3.8; y is 0.1 to 3.8; and z is 0.1 to 3.8. Also compositions, inks, printed material and in-jet processes and cartridges.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the manufacture of a toner which comprises the steps of: a) providing a latex dispersion containing primary resin particles and surfactant; b) providing a colorant dispersion containing primary colorant particles and surfactant; c) optionally providing a wax dispersion containing primary wax particles and surfactant; d) providing at least one carboxy functional compound of Formula (1), which may be in acid, salt and/or complex form: wherein R is a carbocyclic or heterocyclic radical which may be optionally substituted and Z1 is a bond or linker group, on condition that the amount of carboxy functional compound of Formula (1) provided in acid and/or salt form is at least 1.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the manufacture of a toner which comprises the steps of: a) providing a latex dispersion containing primary resin particles and surfactant; b) providing a colorant dispersion containing primary colorant particles and surfactant; c) optionally providing a wax dispersion containing primary wax particles and surfactant; d) providing at least one carboxy functional compound of Formula (1), which may be in acid, salt and/or complex form: wherein R is a carbocyclic or heterocyclic radical which may be optionally substituted and Z1 is a bond or linker group and wherein the amount of carboxy functional compound of Formula (1) provided is greater than 3% by weight, the amount of carboxy functional compound being calculated according to the following equation: amount ? ? of ? ? carboxy ? ? functional ? ? ? compound ? ? ( % ? ? weight ) = 100 × weight ? ? ? of ? ? carboxy ? ? functional ? ? compound ( weight

Abstract: A composition comprising a compound of Formula (1) or a salt thereof and compound of Formula (2) or a salt thereof: wherein: A is or comprises an aryl or heteroaryl group; Q1 and Q2 each independently is an optionally substituted phenylene group; R1, R2, Ra and Rb each independently is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted arylalkyl; each W1, W2, W3 and W4 independently is a —CO2H, —SO3H, —PO3H2 group or an alkyl substituted with one or more groups selected from —CO2H, —SO3H, —PO3H2; each S1, S2, S3 and S4 independently is a substituent other than those defined for W1, W2, W3 and W4; a and d each independently is from 1 to 5; b and c each independently is from 0 to 4; (a+b) has a value of from 1 to 5; (c+d) has a value of from 1 to 5; e and h each independently is from 1 to 7; f and g each independently is from 0 to 6; (e+f) has a value of from 1 to 7; and (g+h) has a value of from 1 to 7.

Abstract: A compound of Formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein: R1 and R2 are independently H or optionally substituted alkyl; X and Y are independently CO2H or COSH; Q and T are independent substituents; a+n is 0 to 4; b+m is 0 to 4; and n+m are at least 1; also ink-jet compositions, processes and printed material.

Abstract: A compound of Formula (1) or a salt thereof useful as colorants for use in ink jet printing inks: wherein: A1 is optionally substituted phenyl; A2 is optionally substituted aryl; Q1 and Q2 are each independently an optionally substituted phenylene ring which is para connected to the —N?N— and the —NR— groups shown in Formula (1); and each R independently is H or a substituent; with the provisos that: (i) the compound of Formula (1) has at least one group selected from —SO3H and —PO3H2 groups; (ii) the compound of Formula (1) has more groups selected from —SO3H and —PO3H2 groups than the total number of —CO2H and —COSH groups; and (iii) the compound of Formula (1) is not of Formula (1a):

Abstract: A water-soluble dye of the Formula (1): D1-L-D2 ??Formula (1) wherein D1 and D2 each independently is an anthrapyridone, anthrapyrazole, anthrapyrimidine or anthrapyrimidone group; and L is a single covalent bond or a linking group which permits at least partial delocalisation of electrons between D1 and D2, compositions and inks containing the dye, and printing processes, printed material and ink-jet printer cartridges based on use of the dye.

Abstract: Non-aqueous, radiation-curable inks comprising pigment, dispersant and a liquid carrier, wherein the pigment has an acid value greater than 8 mg of NaOH per gram of pigment. The inks are particularly suitable for use in ink jet printers.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a desired chemical compound in a continuous reactor in which a part of the product stream exits the reactor and part of the product stream is recycled around the reactor in order to reduce the amount of buffer that would otherwise be required.

Abstract: A process for etching a metal or alloy surface which comprises applying an etch-resist ink by ink jet printing to selected areas of the metal or alloy, solidifying the etch-resist ink without the use of actinic light and/or particle beam radiation and then removing the exposed metal or alloy by a chemical etching process wherein the etch-resist ink comprises the components: A) 60 to 100 parts carrier vehicle comprising one or more components which contain at least one metal chelating group; D) 0 to 40 parts colorant; and E) 0 to 5 parts surfactant; wherein the ink has a viscosity of not greater than 30 cPs (mPa·s) at the firing temperature, all parts are by weight and the total number of parts A)+B)+C)=100.

Abstract: A process for printing an image on a substrate comprising applying to the substrate an ink comprising a medium and a mono azo compound of Formula (1) or a salt thereof: wherein: A and X are independently optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl; B is independently optionally substituted arylene or heteroarylene, in either case comprising a phenylene ring which is attached to the —N?N— and —NRa— groups in the compound of Formula (1) in the para positions; Ra and Rb are independently H, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted aryl; ?the compound of Formula (1) or a salt thereof is a water-soluble dye; and the ink is applied to the substrate by means of an ink jet printer.