Abstract: A method and apparatus for conditioning fly ash discharged from a silo to prevent the material from excessively dusting during discharge and transit to a storage or dump site. Apparatus includes a level box flow connected to the outlet of the silo with a modulating valve positioned between the outlet of the silo and the inlet of the level box for controlling the flow rate of material into the level box. The level box is a gas permeable bottom with air under pressure being passed upwardly through the material therein to aerate the material and improve flow characteristics of the material into an ash conditioner which is flow connected to the outlet of the level box. The ash conditioner is a conventional type including a rotating drum with an internal spray system for spraying water onto the ash to wet the ash. Wetted fly ash is relatively dust free when discharged from the conditioner.

Abstract: A rotary assembly for rotating a vessel such as a rotary kiln with a minimum amount of heat transfer to the driving element. A pluraltiy of coupling assemblies are provided which include a first bracket attached to the vessel. Pivotally connected to the bracket is a link member having an opposite pivot point on the driving element. With the coupling arrangement, heat from the inner rotating element which causes different rates of thermal expansion with respect to the girth gear does not produce high stresses on either element.

Abstract: A novel adhesive comprising an aqueous emulsion of a polymer comprising a vinyl monomer and an alkylacrylamidoglycolate alkyl ether monomer. The polymer in contact with randomly laid fibers can be heat curable at elevated temperature to form an intact nonwoven fabric without the release of substantial amounts of formaldehyde.

Abstract: There is provided a carton and a blank therefor having top end flaps connected to the front, rear and side panels of the carton blank wherein a first top end flap connected to either the front or back panel of the carton blank is adapted to overlap a second top end flap disposed opposite to the first top end flap and which is connected to the remaining front or back panel of the carton blank. The first or overlapping top end flap is tightly adhesively connected to the second or underlying top end along the length of the outer edge of the first flap and the opening feature for the carton top is provided by a tear strip in the overlapping first end flap between the adhesion area thereof and the score or fold line connecting the flap to the connecting front or rear panel, as the case may be. The tear strip consists of a removable strip extending the length of the flap which cleanly and completely separates therefrom so that the first flap can be separated from the second flap.

Abstract: A purpose of the disclosed method is to impart gathers and elasticity to a relatively inelastic film, membrane, or web substrate, through elastic banding with a viscoelastic hot melt pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA). Typically, the resulting elastic-banded substrate product (e.g. 40) will be cut into discrete units and formed into garments or body-encircling members such as disposable diapers. One step of the preferred method involves extruding a ribbon or band (13 or 113) comprising a viscoelastic hot melt PSA, which PSA has unusually high cohesion, stretchiness, and elasticity without excessive loss of adhesive bonding strength. (The viscoelastic behavior of the PSA is believed to be determined, at least in part, by the relative size of its crystalline domains and its rubbery domains and the glass transition temperatures and softening points of its components.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for manufacturing low sulfur cement clinker from cement raw meal containing sulfur or with fuel containing high levels of sulfur or a combination thereof. The process is carried out in an apparatus which includes a preheater, calcining furnace, clinkering furnace and clinker cooler. A separate source of fuel is added to the feed end of the kiln to maintain reducing conditions and temperatures for decomposing the sulfur compounds. Fresh air is added to the riser duct connecting the clinkering furnace with the calcining furnace and the preheater for converting sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide. Calcium oxide is added to the riser duct for absorbing the sulfur trioxide to form calcium sulfate. The calcium sulfate is then removed by a gas solid separator from the system. Excess fuel added to maintain reducing condition at the feed end is utilized in the calcining furnace.

Abstract: A basic aqueous emulsion composition that can be used as a treatment for cellulosic sheets or articles made of cellulosic fibers to provide improved water resistance by forming a discrete coating on the individual fibers that make up the sheet while not substantially limiting the compatibility of the treated sheet with aqueous glues, dyes or inks comprising a major proportion of water, a mixture of wax and rosin, an emulsion stabilizer and a chelating agent.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for roasting fine material which includes recirculation of at least partially roasted material through the roasting furnace for further roasting. An adjustable gate is included in the recirculation system for controlling the quantity of material recirculated. A high temperature fluidizing gravity conveyor is used in the recirculation system to maintain a low profile for the system. The invention utilizing a system for classifying large particles so that they may be removed from the recirculation system. Gas locks are included for preventing the short circuiting of hot gases. The system also includes overflow conduit in the event of a plug or blockage in the system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved book-binding process comprising the use of an aqueous primer adhesive composition containing ungelatinized starch. A layer of the primer adhesive is coalesced to a resilient hinge by the application of a hot-covering adhesive without the need for an intermediate drying step. The coalesced film of primer adhesive provides a suitable underlying substrate for the adherent covering adhesive which binds the cover stock to the finished book.

Abstract: An improved mechanism for exerting a downward force on a roller mechanism of a roller mill which includes a fluid actuated piston-cylinder device connected to the rocker arm of the roller by means of a link element pivotally connected at its one end to the piston-cylinder means and pivotally connected at its other end to the rocker arm.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing cement which includes intermixing the cement forming raw materials with water, coal or coke cement as a binder and forming this mixture of materials into nodules by pelletizing or extrusion. The system is particularly designed for use in making white cement where raw materials low in coloring compound are used as raw feed. The nodules are then sized to obtain a feed material having a size range on the order of one quarter inch by 14 mesh which is suitable for use in a fluidized bed reactor. The nodulized raw material is thermally processed in a fluidized bed reactor at temperatures in the range of approximately 2500.degree. to 2700.degree. F. for white cement and 2350.degree.-2450.degree. F. for typical gray Portland Cement. The coal or coke mixed with the raw material serves to supply between 60% and 90% percent of the fuel required for the process with the remainder being supplied directly to the fluidized bed.

Abstract: Corrugating adhesives free of incompatibility problems with water soluble partially hydrolized polyvinyl alcohol comprise a major portion of water, starch, strong base, a boric acid compound and a partially hydrolized water soluble polyvinyl alcohol composition.

Abstract: Corrugating adhesives free of incompatibility problems with water soluble partially hydrolized polyvinyl alcohol comprise a major portion of water, starch, strong base, a boric acid compound and a partially hydrolized water soluble polyvinyl alcohol composition.

Abstract: A valve for controlling the flow of particulate material through a conduit which may be referred to as a clam shell valve including and arcuate valve plate. The valve includes a seal block having a recess for receiving the leading edge of the valve plate to assure a seal between the conduit and the valve element. The seal block is shaped to inhibit the entrance of material into the seal block and allow for the easy discharge of that material on opening of the valve element. The valve also includes an upper wiper seal element for cleaning the surface of the valve.

Abstract: An improved annular shaft kiln for burning particulate material such as limestone which adds a bridge to the lower part of the annular material zone between the burning zone and the cooling zone. This bridge permits heated cooling gas and at least some of the spent cooling gas to be withdrawn from the annular zone and be supplied directly to the combustion chamber of the kiln.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for manufacturing low sulfur cement clinker from cement raw meal containing sulfur or with fuel containing high levels of sulfur or a combination thereof. The process is carried out in an apparatus which includes a preheater, calcining furnace, clinkering furnace and clinker cooler. A separate source of fuel is added to the feed end of the kiln to maintain reducing conditions and temperatures for decomposing the sulfur compounds. Fresh air is added to the riser duct connecting the clinkering furnace with the calcining furnace and the preheater for converting sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide. Calcium oxide is added to the riser duct for absorbing the sulfur trioxide to form calcium sulfate. The calcium sulfate is then removed by a gas solid separator from the system. Excess fuel added to maintain reducing condition at the feed end is utilized in the calcining furnace.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for pneumatically conveying solid particulate material which includes a vessel or blow tank which is supplied with particulate material to be conveyed from a suitable source. A riser pipe extends into the vessel and has a material inlet near the bottom of the tank with its other end flow connected to a transport line. A bottom discharge arrangement is also contemplated. Gaseous fluid under pressure is supplied into the vessel to pressurize the vessel and entrain and convey material through the riser pipe to the material transport line and to a remote use point. A by-pass line is provided for selectively connecting the pressurized inside of the vessel with the riser pipe/transport line at a point downstream of the inlet for material. This by-pass line serves to selectively vent gaseous fluid under pressure in the vessel to the material conveying line when system pressure exceeds a predetermined limit.

Abstract: Hydrophobic polyurethane compositions can be used to repair or fill-in surface defects in structural components. The hydrophobic composition can be packaged in two parts, a hydrophobic polyol part and a isocyanate part wherein the polyol part comprises a polyol and a coal tar or pitch composition and the isocyanate part comprises a reactive isocyanate compound. The parts of the composition can be mixed and applied to surface defects of structural members such as railroad ties and can rapidly form a hard, permanent, strongly bonded repair.

Abstract: A door and hinge mechanism particularly adapted for use in a conical hopper where the door may be on the down side of the hopper. The hinge pin connecting the fixed hinge element with the movable hinge element is placed under tension by springs such as Belville washers so that the hinge pin is not freely rotatably in the fixed hinged element. The movable hinge element includes a cam member which rotates about an off-set axis until the cam surface engages the hinge pin to prohibit further free rotation of the movable hinge. A force must then be applied to the door supplementing gravity to rotate the movable hinge element and hinge pin relative to the fixed hinge element to thereby open the door.

Abstract: A gas-solids heat/exchanger apparatus particularly designed for cooling the particulate material such as calcined limestone or cement clinker, but may also be used as a dryer and/or material heater. The apparatus includes a casing having an upper particulate material inlet and a lower particulate material outlet. Upper and lower grates extend on an angle or a slant from the inlet to the outlet for holding a bed of material. Gas is supplied to an inlet plenum chamber on one side of the lower grate for passage through the grates and the bed of material to an outlet plenum chamber. The lower grate is perforated to permit gas to pass therethrough while supporting the bed of material. The upper grate includes a plurality of spaced apart, vertically oriented, perforated slats. Various parameters or gas flow rates, pressure drops and positioning of the upper grate slats are disclosed.