Abstract: A process for producing a carboxylic acid composition including 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, including the steps: a) oxidizing an oxidizable compound including 5-alkoxymethylfurfural in an oxidation reactor in the presence of a saturated organic acid solvent having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and a catalyst system comprising cobalt, manganese and bromine using an oxidizing gas at a temperature in the range of 160 to 210° C. to obtain a crude carboxylic acid composition including mono alkyl ester of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and solid 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, b) isolating at least a portion of the solid 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid from the crude carboxylic acid composition in a solid-liquid separation zone to generate a solid cake and a mother liquor, c) determining the amount of manganese and/or cobalt in the cake, and d) increasing the amount of one or more controlling acids in the oxidation reactor.

Abstract: A container, preferably a bottle, is fabricated in a method comprising: —providing a preform comprising poly(ethylene 2, 5-furandicarboxylate); —stretch blow-molding the preform to form the container, wherein the stretch blow-molding comprises a stretching step of the preform to a ratio higher than the natural draw ratio of poly(ethylene 2, 5-furandicarboxylate) at a temperature in a range of 105° C. to 145° C., preferably in a range of 110° C. to 140° C., and at an equivalent axial strain rate at a reference temperature of 100° C. in the range of 0.001 to 10 s?1, preferably in a range of 0.03 to 3 s?1.

Abstract: An oriented film including poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is produced in a process by preparing a sheet from a poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) resin by heat processing, which sheet has a thickness of at most 2.5 mm; allowing the sheet to cool; and stretching the cooled sheet in at least one direction with a stretch ratio of at least 4/1 at a temperature in the range of 90 to 130° C., yielding an oriented film. The oriented film has a thickness of 1 to 400 ?m and a tensile strength at break of at least 100 MPa.

Abstract: Thermoformed article including poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polyester, which polyester has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of at least 50,000, determined by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene as standard and which polyester is semicrystalline, is prepared in a process including: providing a sheet that includes poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polyester, which polyester has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of at least 50,000, determined by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene as standard and which polyester is semicrystalline; heating the sheet to a temperature above its glass transition temperature to obtain a pliable sheet; shaping the pliable sheet in a mold to a desired shape to obtain a pliable shaped article; cooling the pliable shaped article; and releasing the thus cooled shaped article from the mold.

Abstract: A process includes the following steps: a) converting a solid material containing hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, by: (i) hydrolyzing at least part of the hemicellulose of the solid material with a first aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, yielding a remaining solid material and a hydrochloric acid-containing, aqueous, first hydrolysate product solution; (ii) hydrolyzing at least part of the cellulose of the remaining solid material with a second aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, yielding a residue and a hydrochloric acid-containing, aqueous, second hydrolysate product solution; (b) forwarding to step (c) a, hydrochloric acid-containing, aqueous intermediate product solution comprising: a part of or the whole of the hydrochloric acid-containing, aqueous first and/or second hydrolysate product solution of step (a); and (c) heating at least part of the hydrochloric acid-containing, aqueous intermediate product solution to yield a product solution containing 5-(chloromethyl)furfural, and extracting the 5-

Abstract: An asphalt composition comprising aggregates and a binder material, wherein the binder material comprises humins, which humins comprise carbonaceous water-insoluble by-products of the dehydration of carbohydrates and/or 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and/or ethers or esters of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The invention also provides a binder material for use in asphalt compositions comprising from 1 to 95% wt, preferably from 5 to 60% wt of such humins, based on the weight of the binder material. The invention further provides for the use of such humins in the manufacture of binder material for asphalt compositions and the use of such humins as binder material in asphalt compositions.

Abstract: A preform for multilayer container having a polyethylene furanoate layer includes an outer layer defining an exterior surface and including poly(ethylene terephthalate) and an inner barrier layer including semi-crystalline poly(ethylene furanoate) where the semi-crystalline poly(ethylene furanoate) of the inner barrier layer has a crystallinity in the range of 3 to 10%.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of solid lignocellulosic material containing hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, includes (a) hydrolyzing, at a temperature equal to or less than 40° C. at least part of the hemicellulose and at least part of the cellulose of the solid lignocellulosic material with an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, containing in the range from equal to or more than 40.0 wt. % to equal to or less than 51.0 wt. % hydrochloric acid, based on the combined weight amount of water and hydrochloric acid in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution; yielding a hydrochloric acid-containing, aqueous hydrolysate solution; (b) separating the hydrochloric acid-containing, aqueous hydrolysate solution from the lignin; and (c) heating at least part of the hydrochloric acid-containing, aqueous hydrolysate solution to a temperature equal to or more than 60° C.

Abstract: An object is to provide a laminate having excellent lamination strength that includes a polyester film having a furandicarboxylate unit and a heat-sealable resin layer, and to provide a packaging bag including the same. A laminate including a polyester film and a heat-sealable resin layer, wherein the polyester film is a biaxially oriented polyester film containing a polyethylene furandicarboxylate resin composed of a furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, a plane orientation coefficient ?P of the film is 0.100 or more and 0.160 or less, a thickness of the film is 1 ?m or more and 300 ?m or less, a heat shrinkage rate of the film is 10% or less when heated at 150° C. for 30 minutes, and lamination strength of the laminate is 2.0 N/15 mm or more.

Abstract: To provide a layered polyester film having excellent mechanical properties, transparency, heat resistance, and gas barrier property. A layered polyester film including a polyester film and a thin film layer, wherein the polyester film is a biaxially oriented polyester film including a dicarboxylic acid component containing mainly a furandicarboxylic acid and a glycol component containing mainly ethylene glycol, the covering layer is formed on at least one surface of the polyester film, and the layered polyester film has a plane orientation coefficient ?P of not less than 0.100 and not more than 0.200, and a thickness of the layered polyester film is not thinner than 1 ?m and not thicker than 300 ?m.

Abstract: To provide a layered polyester film having excellent mechanical properties, transparency, heat resistance, and in particular excellent gas barrier property. A layered polyester film containing a polyester film and a thin film layer including mainly an inorganic compound, wherein the polyester film is a biaxially oriented polyester film including a dicarboxylic acid component containing mainly a furandicarboxylic acid and a glycol component containing mainly ethylene glycol, the thin film layer is formed on at least one surface of the polyester film, the inorganic compound is at least one of aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and the layered polyester film has a plane orientation coefficient ?P of not less than 0.100 and not more than 0.200, a film thickness of not thinner than 1 ?m and not thicker than 300 ?m, and an oxygen permeability of not less than 0.1 mL/m2/day/MPa and not more than 80 mL/m2/day/MPa under a temperature of 23° C. and a humidity of 65%.

Abstract: It is provided that a polyester film excellent in heat resistant dimension stability, impact-resistant strength properties, easy-slipping properties, mechanical properties, transparency, and gas barrier performance, and a film roll obtained by winding up this polyester film. A polyester film includes at least one layer mainly including a polyester resin containing a dicarboxylic acid component including furandicarboxylic acid as a main component and a glycol component including ethylene glycol as a main component; and the polyester film has a plane orientation coefficient ?P of not less than 0.005 and not more than 0.200, a thickness of not less than 1 ?m and not more than 300 ?m, a heat shrinkage rate of 3.2% or less in each of the MD direction and the TD direction at 150° C. for 30 minutes, and a layer containing at least one additive.

Abstract: A container includes an outer layer defining an exterior surface and including poly (ethylene terephthalate) and an inner barrier layer including semi-crystalline poly(ethylene furanoate) including semi-crystalline poly(ethylene furanoate) where the poly(ethylene furanoate) has a crystallinity Xc of 3 to 40%.

Abstract: A solid-state polymerized poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polymer is produced in a process including: providing a poly (tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polycondensate having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of at least 10,000, as determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as standard, and having a content of carboxylic acid end groups of at most 50 meq/kg; and keeping the poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polycondensate at a temperature in the range of 80 to 140° C. to obtain a semi-crystalline polycondensate; and subjecting the semi-crystalline polycondensate to solid-state polymerization by keeping the semi-crystalline polycondensate at a temperature of at least 140° C. and below its melting point, whilst the semi-crystalline polycondensate is either under a flow of inert gas or under vacuum to obtain the solid-state polymerized poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polymer.

Abstract: An oriented film including poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is produced in a process by preparing a sheet from a poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) resin by heat processing, which sheet has a thickness of at most 2.5 mm; allowing the sheet to cool; and stretching the cooled sheet in at least one direction with a stretch ratio of at least 4/1 at a temperature in the range of 90 to 130° C., yielding an oriented film. The oriented film has a thickness of 1 to 400 ?m and a tensile strength at break of at least 100 MPa.

Abstract: It is provided that a polyester film excellent in heat resistant dimension stability, impact-resistant strength properties, easy-slipping properties, mechanical properties, transparency, and gas barrier performance, and a film roll obtained by winding up this polyester film. A polyester film includes at least one layer mainly including a polyester resin containing a dicarboxylic acid component including furandicarboxylic acid as a main component and a glycol component including ethylene glycol as a main component; and the polyester film has a plane orientation coefficient ?P of not less than 0.005 and not more than 0.200, a thickness of not less than 1 ?m and not more than 300 ?m, a heat shrinkage rate of 3.2% or less in each of the MD direction and the TD direction at 150° C. for 30 minutes, and a layer containing at least one additive.

Abstract: An oriented film including poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is produced in a process by preparing a sheet from a poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) resin by heat processing, which sheet has a thickness of at most 2.5 mm; allowing the sheet to cool; and stretching the cooled sheet in at least one direction with a stretch ratio of at least 4/1 at a temperature in the range of 90 to 130° C., yielding an oriented film. The oriented film has a thickness of 1 to 400 ?m and a tensile strength at break of at least 100 MPa.

Abstract: It is provided that a polyester film excellent in heat resistant dimension stability, impact-resistant strength properties, easy-slipping properties, mechanical properties, transparency, and gas barrier performance, and a film roll obtained by winding up this polyester film. A polyester film includes at least one layer mainly including a polyester resin containing a dicarboxylic acid component including furandicarboxylic acid as a main component and a glycol component including ethylene glycol as a main component; and the polyester film has a plane orientation coefficient ?P of not less than 0.005 and not more than 0.200, a thickness of not less than 1 ?m and not more than 300 ?m, a heat shrinkage rate of 3.2% or less in each of the MD direction and the TD direction at 150° C. for 30 minutes, and a layer containing at least one additive.

Abstract: A foam includes a cellular structure and having a density of at most 0.50 g/cm3, where the cellular structure is provided by a solid material that includes humins. Such a foam is prepared in a process, which includes: providing a starting material containing humins; and heating the starting material to a temperature in the range of 150 to 450° C. The foam can be used in articles for a variety of applications such as substrate for plant growth, as adsorbent for treating waste water or waste gases, as support for solid catalysts, as insulation material, or packaging material.

Abstract: A polyester including at least one furandicarboxylate unit, at least one saturated, linear or branched, diol unit including from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one bicyclic diol unit, the said bicyclic diol being chosen from: isosorbide, isoidide, isomannide, 2,3:4,5-di-O-methylene-galactitol, and 2,4:3,5-di-O-methylene-D-mannitol. The glass transition temperature of the polyester is greater than or equal to 90° C. Processes for preparing this polyester are also described.