Abstract: Biomedical images of both anatomical structure and real-time changes in neuronal, metabolic, positional, and vascular function in humans and animals is described. Ultra-wideband (UWB) pulse or square wave generators and electrical samplers, implemented using integrated circuits are used to make arrays of miniaturized microwave modules that are placed around the portion of interest in the body or head, allowing images to be made through either time-domain transmission of these pulsed waves through the body, or time domain reflectivity of the waves from internal structures, or their combination. Signal processing separate and extract the time-varying functional information from the static structural image data. The time-varying functional information from certain brain regions can be interpreted in order to control prosthetics, Brain-Machine-Interfaces and the like.

Abstract: Biomedical images of both anatomical structure and real-time changes in neuronal, metabolic, positional, and vascular function in humans and animals is described. Ultra-wideband (UWB) pulse or square wave generators and electrical samplers, implemented using integrated circuits are used to make arrays of miniaturized microwave modules that are placed around the portion of interest in the body or head, allowing images to be made through either time-domain transmission of these pulsed waves through the body, or time domain reflectivity of the waves from internal structures, or their combination. Signal processing separate and extract the time-varying functional information from the static structural image data. The time-varying functional information from certain brain regions can be interpreted in order to control prosthetics, Brain-Machine-Interfaces and the like.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating multiple ultra-fast (picosecond-range) electrical sampling apertures and pulses in response to a slewed control signal is disclosed. In one embodiment a series or sequence of sampling apertures are formed for sampling an input signal without the use of delay lines. In another embodiment, the input to be sampled is incrementally delayed to generate signals along a delay line. The delayed signals are simultaneously sampled in a sampling window to obtain a group of samples of an input signal at the same time. In another embodiment, a series or sequence of ultra-fast pulses are formed in an output signal without using delay lines. Parallel and serial sampler/pulser circuitry are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating ultra-fast (picosecond-range) electrical sampling apertures and pulses, requiring only a single transition of a control signal, is disclosed. Implemented in a novel circuit architecture that is suited to fabrication as a low-cost monolithic integrated circuit, the method produces more stable, more reproducible, and more precisely shaped sampling apertures and pulses, with lower power usage and cost, than conventional techniques. The combination of speed and reproducibility enabled by the invention allows the integration of large numbers of virtually identical fast sampling apertures or pulse generators on a single IC, enabling single-shot capture of such a rapid sequence of samples that even a single cycle of a very fast, microwave frequency, electronic waveform may be precisely sampled at multiple points.