Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed for managing concurrent storage requests. A multiple storage request receiver module is configured to recognize at least two storage requests from clients for data in storage devices of a storage device set. The at least two concurrent storage requests address a common portion of data. A sequencer module is configured to determine a first storage request and a second storage request from the concurrent storage requests by way of selection criteria. The sequencer module is configured to ensure completion of the first storage request prior to executing the second storage request by receiving an acknowledgment from each of the storage devices of the storage device set that received portions of the first storage request. The portions may be sent to the storage devices to execute the first storage request.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for managing data storage. The method includes determining that an error correcting code (ECC) block comprises uncorrectable errors. The ECC block is stored across a plurality of memory devices. The method includes iteratively substituting replacement data, within data of the ECC block, for individual memory devices of the plurality of memory devices to form substitute ECC blocks until one of the substitute ECC blocks is correctable using the error correcting code for the ECC block. The method includes providing corrected data from the correctable one of the substitute ECC blocks.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for storage address translation. The method includes storing, in volatile memory, a plurality of logical-to-physical mapping entries for a non-volatile recording device. The method includes persisting a logical-to-physical mapping entry from the volatile memory to recording media of the non-volatile recording device. The logical-to-physical mapping entry may be selected for persisting based on a mapping policy indicated by a client. The method includes loading the logical-to-physical mapping entry from the recording media of the non-volatile recording device into the volatile memory in response to a storage request associated with the logical-to-physical mapping entry.

Abstract: A virtual storage layer (VSL) presents logical address space of a non-volatile storage device. The VSL maintains logical interfaces to the non-volatile storage device, which may include arbitrary, any-to-any mappings between logical identifiers and storage resources. Data may be stored on the non-volatile storage device in a contextual format, which includes persistent metadata that defines the logical interface of the data. The VSL may modify the logical interface of data that is stored in the contextual format. The modified logical interface may be inconsistent with the existing contextual format of the data on the non-volatile storage media. The VSL may provide access to the data in the inconsistent contextual format through the modified logical interface. The contextual format of the data may be updated to be consistent with the modified logical interface in a write out-of-place storage operation.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for storage space recovery in solid-state storage. A sequential storage module sequentially writes data packets in a storage division. The storage division includes a portion of a solid-state storage. The data packets are derived from an object. The data packets are sequentially stored by order of processing. A storage division selection module selects a storage division for recovery. A data recovery module reads valid data packets from the storage division selected for recovery, queues the valid data packets with other data packets to be written sequentially, and updates an index with a new physical address of the valid data. The index includes a mapping of physical addresses of data packets to object identifiers. A storage division recovery module marks the storage division selected for recovery as available for sequentially writing data packets in response to completing copying valid data from the storage division.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for a front-end, distributed redundant array of independent drives (“RAID”). A storage request receiver module receives a storage request to store object or file data in a set of autonomous storage devices forming a RAID group. The storage devices independently receive storage requests from a client over a network, and one or more of the storage devices are designated as parity-mirror storage devices for a stripe. The striping association module calculates a stripe pattern for the data. Each stripe includes N data segments, each associated with N storage devices. The parity-mirror association module associates a set of the N data segments with one or more parity-mirror storage devices. The storage request transmitter module transmits storage requests to each storage device. Each storage request is sufficient to store onto the storage device the associated data segments. The storage requests are substantially free of data.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for data management. The method includes referencing data block usage information provided by way of an interface operable to communicate with a storage controller managing non-volatile storage media. The method also includes identifying to the storage controller one or more blocks for deallocation by the data block usage information.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for validating that correct data is read from a storage device. A hash generation module generates a hash value from a logical address of a read request for a data storage device. A read data module reads, from the data storage device, data identified by the read request and a stored hash value stored with the data. The stored hash value was generated from a logical address for data written to the data storage device. A hash check module verifies that the generated hash value matches the stored hash value read from the data storage device.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed to manage solid-state storage media by determining one or more configuration parameters for the solid-state storage media. A media characteristic module references one or more storage media characteristics for a set of storage cells of solid-state storage media. A configuration parameter module determines a configuration parameter for the set of storage cells based on the one or more storage media characteristics. A storage cell configuration module configures the set of storage cells to use the determined configuration parameter.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for reconfiguring an array of solid-state storage elements. The method includes determining that one or more storage elements are unavailable to store data. The storage elements are configured in an array of N storage elements that each store a portion of a first ECC chunk and P storage elements that store first parity data corresponding to the first ECC chunk. The method includes generating a second ECC chunk comprising at least a portion of the data of the first ECC chunk. The method includes storing the second ECC chunk and associated second parity data across (N+P)?Z storage elements where 1?Z?P.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for testing physical regions in a solid-state storage device. The method includes defining a physical storage region on solid-state storage media of a solid-state storage device. The physical storage region includes a subset of storage capacity of the solid-state storage media. The method includes implementing the physical storage region definition on a storage controller such that memory operations are bounded to the physical storage region. The method includes testing wear of solid-state storage media associated with the physical storage region using memory operations bounded to the physical storage region.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for managing a non-volatile storage medium. A storage controller receives a message that identifies data that no longer needs to be retained on the non-volatile storage medium. The data may be identified using a logical identifier. The message may comprise a hint, directive, or other indication that the data has been erased and/or deleted. In response to the message, the storage controller records an indication that the contents of a physical storage location and/or physical address associated with the logical identifier do not need to be preserved on the non-volatile storage medium.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for managing storage capacity recovery. A monitor module determines a workload write bandwidth for a sequential log-based data storage device. The workload write bandwidth includes a rate at which workload write operations generate reclaimable storage capacity on the data storage device. A target module determines a target reclamation write bandwidth for the data storage device. A capacity reclaim rate is associated with the target reclamation write bandwidth. The capacity reclaim rate satisfies the workload write bandwidth for the data storage device. A reclaim rate module determines a prospective reclamation write bandwidth for the data storage device, based on the workload write bandwidth, to correspond to the capacity reclaim rate associated with the target reclamation write bandwidth.

Abstract: An adaptive logical storage element comprises a plurality of solid-state storage elements accessible in parallel. The logical storage element includes logical storage units, which may include logical page, logical storage divisions (erase blocks), and so on. Each logical storage unit comprises a plurality of physical storage units. A logical storage unit may include one or more physical storage units that are out-of-service (OOS). The OOS status of logical storage units is tracked by OOS metadata. When data is stored on the logical storage element, padding data is provided to physical storage units that are OOS, and valid and/or parity data is provided to in-service physical storage units. A write data pipeline accesses the OOS metadata to insert padding data, and a read data pipeline accesses the OOS metadata to strip padding data.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for managing data with an empty data segment directive at the storage device. The apparatus, system, and method for managing data include a write request receiver module and a data segment token storage module. The write request receiver module receives a storage request from a requesting device. The storage request includes a request to store a data segment in a storage device. The data segment includes a series of repeated, identical characters or a series of repeated, identical character strings. The data segment token storage module stores a data segment token in the storage device. The data segment token includes at least a data segment identifier and a data segment length. The data segment token is substantially free of data from the data segment.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for managing data in a solid-state storage device. A solid-state storage and solid-state controller are included. The solid-state storage controller includes a write data pipeline and a read data pipeline The write data pipeline includes a packetizer and an ECC generator. The packetizer receives a data segment and creates one or more data packets sized for the solid-state storage. The ECC generator generates one or more error-correcting codes (“ECC”) for the data packets received from the packetizer. The read data pipeline includes an ECC correction module, a depacketizer, and an alignment module. The ECC correction module reads a data packet from solid-state storage, determines if a data error exists using corresponding ECC and corrects errors. The depacketizer checks and removes one or more packet headers. The alignment module removes unwanted data, and re-formats the data as data segments of an object.

Abstract: Devices, apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed for bit error reduction through varied data positioning. A write request module is configured to receive data for storage in an array of solid-state storage elements. The solid-state storage elements are accessible in parallel. A write module is configured to store the data in parallel to the array of solid-state storage elements with varied data positions for the data relative to different solid-state storage elements of the array. A read module is configured to read the data in parallel from the array of solid-state storage elements.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for bad block remapping. A bad block identifier module identifies one or more data blocks on a solid-state storage element as bad blocks. A log update module writes at least a location of each bad block identified by the bad block identifier module into each of two or more redundant bad block logs. A bad block mapping module accesses at least one bad block log during a start-up operation to create in memory a bad block map. The bad block map includes a mapping between the bad block locations in the bad block log and a corresponding location of a replacement block for each bad block location. Data is stored in each replacement block instead of the corresponding bad block. The bad block mapping module creates the bad block map using one of a replacement block location and a bad block mapping algorithm.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for determining a read voltage threshold for solid-state storage media. A data set read module reads a data set from storage cells of solid-state storage media. The data set is originally stored in the storage cells with a known bias. A deviation module determines that a read bias for the data set deviates from the known bias. A direction module determines a direction of deviation for the data set. The direction of deviation is based on a difference between the read bias of the data set and the known bias. An adjustment module adjusts a read voltage threshold for the storage cells of the solid-state storage media based on the direction of deviation.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for ensuring data validity in a data storage process. A data receiver module receives a storage block and existing parity information. An ECC generation module generates error correcting code (“ECC”) check bits for the data of the storage block in response to receiving the storage block and the existing parity information. The ECC check bits for the storage block are generated using a block code, a convolutional code, etc. A pre-storage consistency module uses the data of the storage block, the existing parity information, and the ECC check bits to determine if the data of the storage block, the existing parity information, and the ECC check bits are consistent. A data storage module stores the data of the storage block and the ECC check bits the data storage device without storing the existing parity information.