Abstract: An electrical contact element is made of material which is resistant to metal migration and which contains a major proportion by weight, at least two metallic components which are soluble in each other and form a composite material. At least one of the components consists of a noble metal, and the metallic components are heterogeneously embedded in the composite material as pure metallic components. A process for making such a contact element comprises forming jacket wires, made of the metallic components, into clusters and metallurgically joining the wires by plastic shaping to form the composite material.

Abstract: The contact element is produced by ultrasonic welding one or more contact pieces onto a carrier, an intermediate layer in the form of a metal powder, for example aluminium, being interposed between the contact piece and the carrier prior to such welding in order to assist in the welding of contact pieces made of material which would otherwise be difficult to weld.

Abstract: A contact element is produced by sonically welding one or more contact pieces onto a carrier, an intermediate layer, for example of aluminium foil, being interposed between the contact piece and the carrier prior to such welding in order to assist in the welding of the contact pieces made of material which would otherwise be difficult to weld. Typical frequencies of sonic welding lie in the range between 20 kHz and 50 Hz.

Abstract: The bimetallic material comprises a laminate of two materials, one having a high coefficient of thermal expansion, one with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The material with the high coefficient of expansion is a corrosion resisting and heat resisting austenitic chromium-nickel steel, while the material with the low coefficient of expansion is a heat hardenable alloy of iron, nickel, cobalt and titanium and/or aluminium. It is found that this combination of materials gives rise to a bimetallic material capable of heavy duty applications without the disadvantages normally associated with such heavy duty materials.

Abstract: A metallic material, particularly useful for electrical contacts, comprises a matrix metal, for example silver or copper, with additives embedded therein in powder form. However, while being in powder form the additives are arranged in elongate fiber like lengths preferably parallel fiber like lengths. A method of producing such a distribution is to fill a tube of the matrix metal with the powder and draw it out to wire thickness, bundle a number of such wires together and fuse the outer coverings to form a continuous matrix with embedded fiber like lengths of powder.

Abstract: The contact element is produced by sonic or ultrasonic welding one or more contact pieces onto a carrier, an intermediate layer in the form of a grinding powder being interposed between the contact piece and the carrier prior to such welding in order to assist in the welding of contact pieces made of material which would otherwise be difficult to weld.

Abstract: A spark plug is equipped with a center electrode composed of two different metals, one of which is embedded in wire or fibre form in the other and wherein at least one of the metals possesses the properties of high electrical and thermal conductivity. The electrode is made by the joint plastic shaping of the two metals to produce a solid metallic bond therebetween. The electrode possesses the advantageous properties of good electrical and thermal conductivity, high corrosion resistance at high temperatures, slow burning rate and high mechanical strength.

Abstract: The contact element is produced by ultrasonically welding one or more contact pieces onto a carrier, an intermediate layer, for example of aluminium foil, being interposed between the contact piece and the carrier prior to such welding in order to assist in the welding of contact pieces made of material which would otherwise be difficult to weld.