Abstract: Herein are provided tools and processes for extracting oil from subterranean formation. The processes can include lightening the oil in the formation prior to extraction by the addition of a nanogas solution. The tools include injectors for the formation of the nanogas solution within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: A process for separation of a slurry by radially injecting a stream of a nanogas solution at a shear-focus volume within a pipe; passing an aqueous slurry through the pipe along a direction of flow and through the shear-focus volume; and shearing and/or admixing the slurry with the nanogas solution within the shear-focus volume.

Abstract: Herein is provided a process which includes hydraulically fracturing a subterranean formation with a fracking fluid that includes a nanobubble solution. Alternatively, herein is provide a process that includes hydraulically fracturing a subterranean formation that includes nanobubbles with a fracking fluid that may or may not include a nanobubbles.

Abstract: A system for stabilizing gas-infused liquid, includes a tubular flow path configured to receive and pass therethrough the gas-infused liquid under a pressure of at least 20 psi, wherein a surface of the flow path configured to engage the gas-infused liquid flowing through the flow path is formed of material having a surface roughness (Ra) in a range of 0.1 ?m-10.0 ?m, and the flow path has a length which is at least 100 times a mean inner diameter thereof.

Abstract: A machine and process for providing a gas liquid mixture are described. The process can include providing a pressurized fluid stream; and subjecting the fluid stream to a series of alternating flow regions that include a plurality of laminar flow regions and turbulent flow regions. The machine can include a flow path from a pressure vessel to an ejection point, where the flow path includes a plurality of alternating flow characteristic regions.

Abstract: Herein are provided tools and processes for extracting oil from subterranean formation. The processes can include lightening the oil in the formation prior to extraction by the addition of a nanogas solution. The tools include injectors for the formation of the nanogas solution within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: Herein are provided tools and processes for extracting oil from subterranean formation. The processes can include lightening the oil in the formation prior to extraction by the addition of a nanogas solution. The tools include injectors for the formation of the nanogas solution within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: A bi-fuel control system and assembly for modifying and operating a diesel engine to the extent that the engine is capable of running in either a full diesel fuel mode or a bi-fuel mode, where bi-fuel is defined as a mixture of a methane based gas and diesel fuel. The control system and assembly are designed to provide for either manual or automatic transfer between modes for continuous engine operation without interruption in output and at substantially equivalent efficiency levels. A gas control sub-system and sub-assembly are provided to control the amount of gas supplied to the diesel engine in the bi-fuel mode, and an electronic control sub-system and sub-assembly are provided to control the overall system and assembly based on engine load as determined from the intake manifold air pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing waste tire gasification in a negative ambient pressure environment includes a gasification unit, a combustion unit, and a connection pipe. The gasification unit includes a gasification chamber, at least one air vent, at least one gasification igniter, and a fan. The combustion unit includes a combustion chamber, and an exhaust pipe. The connection pipe connects the output of the gasification unit with the combustion unit. In operation, tires are placed inside the gasification chamber. The tires are ignited using the gasification igniter. The rapid oxidation of the tires is fed with the air entering the at least one air vent. Combustion gases generated from the oxidizing tires are pulled out of the gasification chamber through a vacuum pipe with the fan. The gases are pushed through the connection pipe in to the combustion chamber. The combustion gases are ignited in the combustion chamber with at least one combustion igniter.

Abstract: Heated hydrogen peroxide reagent under pressure is supplied to a well for underground remediation of pollution; the reaction with the pollutant is exothermic so that the high temperature of the reagent when injected is maintained as the reagent spreads. The remediation reaction is monitored by sensors, to regulate the supply of reagent and to shut off the supply automatically when the pollutant has been reduced to an acceptable level.

Abstract: A filtering device well adapted for filtering moisture from a natural gas stream is formed by a tubular housing containing a bed of particulate material, such as gravel. In one embodiment, particulate material is positioned in an upper portion of the housing and a liquid reservoir is provided in a lower portion of the housing. In another embodiment, the housing is packed full of particulate material and the liquid reservoir is provided by a boot depending from the housing.

Abstract: Method for liquifying natural gas comprising regulating the pressure of the natural gas from a pressure ranging from 0-25 psig. Contaminants are filtered out of the regulated natural gas. The natural gas is then compressed to a higher pressure. At least a one-stage heat exchange is performed with the compressed natural gas by utilizing a coolant to provide a cooled compressed natural gas. A Joule Thompson valve is used to liquify at least a portion of the cooled compressed natural gas. The liquified natural gas is stored in a dewar. Unliquified natural gas passing from the dewar is utilized to provide cooling of the natural gas during the heat exchange. The unliquified natural gas is then recompressed. The recompressed natural gas is subjected to the same steps to liquify an additional portion of the recompressed natural gas.

Abstract: Method for liquifying natural gas comprising regulating the pressure of the natural gas from a pressure ranging from 0-25 psig. Contaminants are filtered out of the regulated natural gas. The natural gas is then compressed to a higher pressure. At least a one-stage heat exchange is performed with the compressed natural gas by utilizing a coolant to provide a cooled compressed natural gas. A Joule Thompson valve is used to liquify at least a portion of the cooled compressed natural gas. The liquified natural gas is stored in a dewar. Unliquified natural gas passing from the dewar is utilized to provide cooling of the natural gas during the heat exchange. The unliquified natural gas is then recompressed. The recompressed natural gas is subjected to the same steps to liquify an additional portion of the recompressed natural gas.

Abstract: Electrically controlled combined valve/cylinder apparatus. The apparatus includes a housing having a cylindrical body and spaced first and second end walls closing the body. A cylinder is positioned inside the body and a piston is positioned inside the cylinder for reciprocal movement. A control ram connected to the piston extends through an aperture in the first end wall so that the piston is movable between a first position adjacent the first end wall in which the ram is extended and a second postion in which the piston is located adjacent the second end wall so that the ram is retracted. The apparatus further includes a cylindrical control sleeve positioned between and spaced from both the body and the cylinder. An inlet port tube is provided for supplying an electro-rheological fluid to the body while an outlet port tube is provided for discharging the fluid from the body.

Abstract: Carbon-carbon composites consisting of graphite fibers reinforcing a carbon matrix are protected from oxidation by a B.sub.2 O.sub.3 glass coating which includes a refractory oxide to stabilize the viscosity of the glass. Precursors of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and the refractory oxide are dispersed into a resin, the resin is used to impregnate fibrous graphite or fibrous graphitizable material, the sheets are laid up as plies and the laid-up plies are carbonized and graphitized using heat structure. The composite structure is then coated with an additional mix of resin and precursors and the coated structure is heated to carbonize the resin and leave a seal coat on the structure. Then an outer shell of a refractory material is deposited on the structure.

Abstract: A funnel for an ion accelerator comprises a magnetic lens in operative association with a resonator. Ions from different sources are accelerated to different predetermined energy levels and are separately aimed at the lens where the incoming ions are deflected into alignment along a common path. The resonator receives ions from the lens and respectively accelerates or decelerates ions having relatively lower or higher energy levels to establish a beam of ions having substantially the same energy level.

Abstract: A joint is provided for joining together two sections of a tube wherein the sections are prestressed by a surrounding pressure medium to press the sections together and to resist forces tending to separate the sections and the bursting pressure inside the tube. The pressure medium can be a resin which can be pressurized and subsequently cured or a fluid. The outside diameter of each section, at and near the end to be joined, is enlarged. A coupling means encircles the enlarged portions and couples the two sections together. One or more expandable pressure cavities located within said coupling means and/or within the enlarged portions have the general shape of a flared annuli. The pressure medium fills and expands the pressure cavities and, when pressurized, exerts stresses compressing both sections together at the joint and also applies relatively uniform radial stress in the vicinity of the end of each section.

Abstract: A cell for using solar radiation to generate electrical power comprises a direct band gap (or high absorption coefficient) substrate which is formed with at least one hole that extends from one side of the substrate to the other side of the substrate. A p-n junction formed with an emitter and a base is joined to one side of the substrate with the hole allowing means to make electrical contact with the base. A metallic layer is extended through the hole into electrical contact with the base to establish a low resistance path between the base of the p-n junction and the back side of the substrate.

Abstract: A nuclear reactor includes a core submerged in a pool of liquid. Under normal conditions, coolant flows through the core without intermixing with the liquid in the pool. In the event of failure of the primary coolant circulation system, liquid from the pool flows through openings in the primary circulation system so as to cool the core by natural convection. Flow through the openings during normal operating conditions may be controlled regardless of the flow rate.

Abstract: This invention relates to particle coaters and in particular to a method and apparatus for a circulating bed particle coater which is particularly adapted for coating small diameter particles.